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Mangiferin,a natural xanthone,accelerates gastrointestinal transit in mice involving cholinergic mechanism

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第25期18卷 3207-3214页

作者： Talita cavalcante Morais synara cavalcante lopes Karine Maria Martins Bezerra Carvalho Bruno Rodrigues Arruda Francisco Thiago Correia de Souza Maria Teresa Salles Trevisan Vietla Satyanarayana Rao Flávia Almeida Santos Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Brazilian SemiArid Institute of BiomedicineFaculty of MedicineFederal University of CearáFortaleza 60430-270Brazil Post-Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences Faculty of MedicineFederal University of CearáFortaleza 60430-140Brazil Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of CearáFortaleza 60451-970Brazil

AIM： To investigate the effects of mangiferin on gas- trointestinal transit （GIT） in normal and constipated mice, together with the possible ***： Intragastrically-administered charcoal mealwas used to measure GIT in overnight starved Swiss mice. In the first experiments, mangiferin （3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, po） or tegaserod （1 mg/kg, ip） were administered 30 min before the char- coal meal to study their effects on normal transit. In the second series, mangiferin （30 mg/kg） was tested on delayed GIT induced by several different pharma- cological agonists （morphine, clonidine, capsaicin） or antagonists （ondansetron, verapamil, and atropine） whereas in the third series, mangiferin （30 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg） or tegaserod （1 mg/kg） were tested on 6 h fecal pellets outputted by freely fed mice. The ratio of wet to dry weight was calculated and used as a marker of fecal water content. RESULTS： Mangiferin administered orally significantly （P 〈 0.05） accelerated GIT at 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg （89% and 93%, respectively）, similarly to 5-hydroxytrypta- mine4 （5-H%） agonist tegaserod （81%） when compared to vehicle-treated control （63%）. Co-administered man- giferin （30 mg/kg） totally reversed the inhibitory effect of opioid agonist morphine, 5-HT3-receptor antagonist ondansetron and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 receptor agonist capsaicin on GIT, but only to a partial extent with the GIT-delay induced by ~2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine, and calcium antagonist verapamil. However, co-administered atropine completely blocked the stimulant effect of mangiferin on GIT, suggesting the involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation. Although mangiferin significantly enhanced the 6 h fecal output at higher doses （245.5±10.43 mg vs 161.9±10.82 mg and 227.1±20.11 mg vs 161.9±10.82 mg of vehicle-treated control, at 30 and 100 mg/ kg, P 〈 0.05, respectively）, the effect of tegaserod was more potent （297.4±7.42 mg vs 161.9±1

关键词： Mangiferin Glucosylxanthone Gastrointes-tinal transit Prokinetic action Cholinergic mechanism

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Rainfall partitioning in young clonal plantations Eucalyptus species in a subtropical environment,and implications for water and forest management

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第3期9卷 474-484页

作者： Decio Oscar Cardoso Ferreto JoséMiguel Reichert Rosane Barbosa lopes cavalcante Raghavan Srinivasan Soils Department Universidade Federal de Santa Maria(UFSM).Avenida Romima 1000Santa MariaRSBrazil Instituto Tecnoldgico Vale.Rua Boaventura da Silva 955UmarizalBelemPABrazil Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology Texas A&M University(TAMU)534 John Kimbrough Blvd.Room 305College StationTXUSA

Different canopy characteristics of industrial eucalyptus may lead to differences in water evaporation and availability to *** study aims to understand rainfall partitioning in a young clonal plantation(age of 2-4.5 years)of three eucalyptus species by relating tree parameters:diameter at breast height,total height,and leaf area *** measured rainfall,throughfall,stemflow and litter interception,along with the tree *** eucalyptus trees had rainfall interception varying between 22 mm(for 178 mm of rainfall)and 42 mm(for 87 mm of te rainfall),throughfall between 106 mm(for 186 mm of rainfall)and 44 mm(for 74 mm of rainfall),and stemflow between 0.5 mm(for 92 mm of rainfall)and 1.4 mm(for 24 mm of rainfall).For the three species,rainfall interception varied between 12 and 48%,throughfall between 57 and 90%,and stemflow between 0.3 and 5.4%.The coefficient of determination between interception and rainfall was 0.76,indicating interception depends on other variables,possibly including antecedent rainfall,rainfall intensity,and *** decreased with a reduction in leaf area index caused by eucalyptus *** *** had 0.75 mm of throughfall per 1 mm of rainfall,whereas in *** and E saligna,these ratios were 0.71 and 0.68,*** in *** and *** had a higher positive relationship with the diameter at breast height of the trees,whereas in *** the highest relationship was with the *** results contribute to establishing management strategies,such as choosing suitable eucalyptus species to local climate,and to improve the synchronization of crop-demand versus soil-water-supply while maintaining streamflow to fulfill ecological and production needs.

关键词： Water balance Blue-green water Forest hydrology Rainfall interception Rainfall throughfall

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Event-based hydrology and sedimentation in paired watersheds under commercial eucalyptus and grasslands in the Brazilian Pampa biome

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 180-194页

作者： Ederson Diniz Ebling Jose Miguel Reichert Jhon Jairo Zuluaga Pelaez Miriam Fernanda Rodrigues Mirian Lago Valente Rosane Barbosa lopes cavalcante Paolo Reggiani Raghavan Srinivasan Soils Department Universidade Federal de Santa MariaAvenida Roraima1000 Bairro CamobiSanta MariaRS97105-900Brazil Corporacion Colombiana de Investigacion Agropecuaria(AGROSAVIA) Centro de Investigacion NataimaEspinalColombia CMPC Celulose Riograndense Rua Sao Geraldo1680GuaibaRS92500-000Brazil Department of Civil Engineering University of SiegenPaul Bonatz Strasse 9-11Siegen D57068Germany Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology Texas A&M University(TAMU)534 John Kimbrough Blvd.Room 305College StationTX77843-2120USA Current address:Instituto Tecnologico Vale.Rua Boaventura da Silva 955UmarizalBelemPABrazil.

Ecological and hydrological impacts are expected when watersheds are under commercial *** this study we evaluated event-based hydrology and sedimentation in paired watersheds under commercial eucalyptus and grasslands ***,suspended sediment concentration,and sediment production were measured and simulated with the Limburg Soil Erosion Model(LISEM)in paired hydrographic watersheds located in southern Brazil;one occupied with 7-years old Eucalyptus saligna plantation(forest watershed-FW;0.83 km^(2))and another Pampa biome with native and exotic grasses used for beef cattle production(grassland watershed-GW;1.10 km^(2)).The effect of rainfall on hydrological and sedimentological variables was more evident in GW compared with *** shape of the hydrograph was steepest in GW,with rapid,marked increase and decrease in flow during *** parameters changed for model calibration in FW and GW were soil saturated hydraulic conductivity,initial soil moisture,and Manning roughness coefficient,whereby the statistical performance was classified as good(NSE>0.75).Fourteen events different from those used in the calibration process were validated for FW and GW,with NSE index classified as“good”and“very good”for *** study shows limitations of LISEM in calibrating and validating the sediment yield for individual events due to the spatial variability of factors controlling soil *** validated modeling results of this study may be applied in simulating soil and crop scenarios in watersheds cultivated with commercial forest and grassland for grazing.

关键词： Southern grasslands Paired watersheds Runoff Erosion LISEM

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Multi-objective forest harvesting under sustainable and economic principles

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第5期34卷 1379-1394页

作者： Talles Hudson Souza Lacerda Luciano cavalcante de Jesus Franca Isáira Leite e lopes Sammilly Lorrayne Souza Lacerda Evandro OrfanóFigueiredo Bruno Henrique Groenner Barbosa Carolina Souza Jarochinski e Silva Lucas Rezende Gomide Suzano SA Sao JoséDos CamposSao PauloBrazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Uberlandia–UFUMonte CarmeloMinas GeraisBrazil Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of Lavras–UFLALavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation–EMBRAPA Rio BrancoAcreBrazil Department of Systems and Automation Federal University of Lavras–UFLALavrasMinas GeraisBrazil

Selective logging is well-recognized as an effective practice in sustainable forest ***,the ecological efficiency or resilience of the residual stand is often in *** time depends on operational variables,diversity,and forest *** logging is excellent but is open to *** may be resolved by mathematical programming and this study integrates the economic-ecological aspects in multi-objective function by applying two evolutionary *** function maximizes remaining stand diversity,merchantable logs,and the inverse of distance between trees for harvesting and log landings *** Brazilian rainforest database(566 trees)was used to simulate our 216-ha *** log landing design has a maximum volume limit of 500 *** nondominated sorting genetic algorithm was applied to solve the main optimization *** parallel,a sub-problem(p-facility allocation)was solved for landing allocation by a genetic *** frontier analysis was applied to distinguish the gradientsα-economic,β-ecological,andγ-*** expected,the solutions have high diameter changes in the residual stand(average removal of approximately 16 m^(3) ha^(-1)).All solutions showed a grouping of trees selected for harvesting,although there was no formation of large clearings(percentage of canopy removal<7%,with an average of 2.5 ind ha^(-1)).There were no differences in floristic composition by preferentially selecting species with greater frequency in the initial stand for *** implies a lower impact on the demographic rates of the remaining *** methodology should support projects of reduced impact logging by using spatial-diversity information to guide better practices in tropical forests.

关键词： Amazon rainforest management Computational intelligence Multi-objective functions Evolutionary computing

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Delivery of essential pediatric congenital surgical care within Brazil’s universal health coverage system:a national survey of pediatric surgeons

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 136-146页

作者： Paul R Truche Abbie E Naus Fabio Botelho Julia Ferreira Alexis Bowder Luke Caddell Kathrin Zimmerman Isabella Maria de Freitas Faria Bellisa Caldas lopes Eduardo Corrêa Costa Fernanda Lage Lima Dantas Augusto J S A cavalcante Carlos A L B Carvalho Simone Abib David P Mooney Nivaldo Alonso Program in Global Surgery and Social Change Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Surgery Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Department of Pediatric Surgery McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada Department of Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA School of Medicine UFMGBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando FigueiraRecifeBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Federal University of AcreRio BrancoBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Hospital Santa Casa de Belo HorizonteBelo HorizonteBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Federal University of Mato GrossoCuiabaBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery UNIFESPSao PauloBrazil Department of Pediatric Surgery Boston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Plastic Surgery University of São Paulo Institute of Biomedical SciencesSao PauloBrazil

Objective In this study,we assess the delivery of congenital pediatric surgical care under Brazil’s system of universal health coverage and evaluate differences in delivery between public and private *** A cross-sectional national survey of pediatric surgeons in Brazil was *** were asked which of 23 interventions identified through the Disease Control Priorities 3(Surgical Interventions for Congenital Anomalies)they perform and to report barriers faced while providing surgical *** were weighted by state and stratified by sector(public vs private).Results A sample of 352 responses was obtained and weighted to represent 1378 practicing pediatric surgeons registered in Brazil during the survey time.73%spend the majority of their time working in the public sector(‘SistemaÚnico de Saúde’and Foundation hospitals),and most of them also work in the private ***,Brazilian pediatric surgeons have the expertise to provide thoracic,abdominal,and urologic *** working mostly in the public sector were more likely to report a lack of access to essential medications(25%vs 9%,p<0.01)and a lack of access to hospital beds for surgical patients(52%vs 32%,p<0.01).Conclusions Brazilian pediatric surgeons routinely perform thoracic,abdominal,and urologic *** working in government-financed hospitals face barriers related to infrastructure,which may impact Brazilians who rely on Brazil’s universal health coverage *** that support pediatric surgeons working in the public sector may promote the workforce available to provide congenital pediatric surgical care.

关键词： pediatric survey Brazil

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Evaluation of Sleep Quality in Undergraduated Medical Students

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第10期14卷 265-275页

作者： Isaac Filipe Melo de Freitas Poliana Pinheiro Pascoal Rafaela Cruz Sampaio Carla Maria de Lima Barbosa João Pedro Palmeira lopes Diêgo Lucas Ramos e Silva Gabriel Arthur Gomes cavalcante Milton Vieira Costa Euclides Mauricio Trindade Filho Department of Physiological Sciences State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas Macei Brazil University Center CESMAC Macei Brazil Uninassau Faculty Arapiraca Brazil

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality of medical students to identify the main factors that affect sleep patterns. Methods: According to the methodology, 154 students participated in the research, attending from the first to the sixth year of the course. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and the Epworth sleepiness scale were applied. Descriptive statistics techniques were applied and demonstrated in the form of tables and graphs. The comparison of variables was carried out using statistical tests. Results: The results showed that most students do not sleep very well. It was observed that 68.83% of a total of 106 students are bad sleepers. Conclusion: It is concluded that medical students sleep a low number of hours by period, which could interfere in impairment of attention, learning and memory formation, interfering in academic performance. On the other hand, they showed greater daytime sleepiness compared to the general population.

关键词： Sleep Quality Daytime Sleepiness Medical Students

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Growth and Visual Symptoms of Nutrients Deficiency in Mangosteens(Garcinia mangostana L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第5期9卷 1014-1028页

作者： Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas Ricardo Augusto Martins Cordeiro Gabriela Mourao de Almeida Diocléa Almeida Seabra Silva Bianca cavalcante da Silva Ricardo Shigueru Okumura Mário lopes da Silva Júnior Sávia Poliana da Silva Joze Melisa Nunes de Freitas Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia Capanema CampusCapanemaBrazil Institute Federal do Pará Castanhal CampusCastanhalBrazil Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia Capitao Poco CampusCapitao PocoBrazil Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia Belém CampusBelémBrazil

The aims of study were to evaluate growth and characterize the visual symptoms of macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies in mangosteens. The seedlings were cultivated in nutritive solution containing all required macronutrient and micronutrients and in solutions with omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, using the missing element technique. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates and twelve treatments. Symptoms of nutrient deficiency were accompanied by photographic records and described from beginning until complete definition, in which the plants were collected. Growth was evaluated through of dry mass production and nutrient contents. Nutrients omissions resulted in morphological alterations, characteristic symptoms of nutritional deficiency, promoted the reduction in dry mass production in plant, in which the Fe was most limiting, followed by N, and S. Macronutrients and micronutrients contents, without deficiencies (complete treatment) and deficient in mangosteen leaves were respectively: N (16.4 and 12.5 g kg-1);P (1.1 and 0.2 g kg-1);K (10.2 and 8.1 g kg-1);Ca (6.7 and 1.9 g kg-1);Mg (1.1 and 0.1 g kg-1);S (3.0 and 2.2 g kg-1);B (20 and 16 mg kg-1);Cu (7 and 3 mg kg-1);Fe (266 and 86 mg kg-1);Mn (58 and 17 mg kg-1). The decreasing order in appearance of visual symptoms of deficiency was N > S > K > B > Ca > P > Mg > Mn > Cu > Zn.

关键词： Mineral Nutrition Tropical Fruit Nutritional Deficiency Missing Element

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Meplazumab in hospitalized adults with severe COVID-19(DEFLECT):a multicenter,seamless phase 2/3,randomized,third-party double-blind clinical trial

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第2期8卷 842-850页

作者： Huijie Bian Liang Chen Zhao-Hui Zheng Xiu-Xuan Sun Jie-Jie Geng Ruo Chen Ke Wang Xu Yang Shi-Rui Chen Si-Yu Chen Rong-Hua Xie Kui Zhang Jin-Lin Miao Jun-Feng Jia Hao Tang Shuang-Shuang Liu Hong-Wei Shi Yong Yang Xiao-Chun Chen Vinay Malhotra Nosheen Nasir Iffat Khanum Faisal Mahmood Saeed Hamid Claudio Marcel Berdun Stadnik Kengi Itinose Caroline Cândida Carvalho de Oliveira Cesar Dusilek Lucas Rivabem Adilson Joaquim Westheimer cavalcante Suzara Souto lopes Wladmir Faustino Saporito Fábio JoséConcilio Fucci Jesus Abraham Simon-Campos Ling Wang Lin-Na Liu Qing-Yi Wang Ding Wei Zheng Zhang Zhi-Nan Chen Ping Zhu Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Clinical Immunology of Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair School of MedicineShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Biopharmaceutical Co.Ltd ChangzhouChina Pulse Heart Institute Cardiology Services MultiCare Institute for Research&InnovationTacomaWAUSA Department of Medicine The Aga Khan UniversityKarachiPakistan Infection Control Service Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericord de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil Clinical Research Department Hospital do RocioCampo LargoBrazil CEMEC-Centro Multidisciplinar de Estudos Clínicos São Bernardo do CampoBrazil Chronos Pesquisa Clinica BrasíliaBrazil Pesquisare Saúde Santo AndréBrazil Instituto de Moléstias Cardiovasculares Tatuí TatuíBrazil Kohler&Milstein Research/Hospital Agustín O’Horán MéridaMexico College of Military Preventive Medicine Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina Department of Pharmaceutics Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina Department of Foreign Languages Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina

Meplazumab,a humanized CD147 antibody,has shown favourable safety and efficacy in our previous clinical *** DEFLECT(NCT04586153),167 patients with severe COVID-19 were enroled and randomized to receive three dosages of meplazumab and a *** at 0.12 mg/kg,compared to the placebo group,showed clinical benefits in significantly reducing mortality by 83.6%(2.4%vs.14.6%,p=0.0150),increasing the proportion of patients alive and discharged without supplemental oxygen(82.9%vs.70.7%,p=0.0337)and increasing the proportion of patients who achieved sustained clinical improvement(41.5%vs.31.7%).The response rate in the 0.2 mg/kg group was relatively increased by 16.0%compared with the placebo group(53.7%vs.46.3%).Meplazumab also reduced the viral loads and multiple cytokine *** with the placebo group,the 0.3 mg/kg significantly increased the virus negative rate by 40.6%(p=0.0363)and reduced IL-8 level(p=0.0460);the 0.2 mg/kg increased the negative conversion rate by 36.9%,and reduced IL-4(p=0.0365)and IL-8 levels(p=0.0484).In this study,the adverse events occurred at a comparable rate across the four groups,with no unexpected safety findings *** conclusion,meplazumab promoted COVID-19 convalescence and reduced mortality,viral load,and cytokine levels in severe COVID-19 population with good safety profile.

关键词： clinical mortality dosage

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