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Distribution Pattern of Trees in a Hydrological Gradient below the Paraná-Paraguay River Confluence

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第3期4卷 663-673页

作者： sylvina lorena casco Juan José Neiff Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Corrientes Argentina

Riparian and riverine aquatic plant species have evolved within the context of flowing water habitats for which the flooding and droughts are the forcing factors that shape the community features, either through a positive or negative effect on the ecosystem’s function, according to the timing, frequency and magnitude of such events. In the Paraná floodplain landscape, topographic position is a crude indicator of the position along the complex gradient, but it also includes information about flood/drought periods and trees’ resilience to extreme hydrological phases. We present the occurrence of major tree species in riparian forests of the Paraná River on islands of different topographies in a section of the Paraná River downstream from the confluence with the Paraguay River. Our results suggest that each tree species had a preferred position in the topographic gradient, sites where the observed counts were more frequent. This trees species were more frequent between 2 and 8 m in the topographic position and were affected by 5 and 202 hydrosedimentologic pulses between 1949 and 1999. We suggest that knowledge of the distribution curves of the vegetation species present can help draw possible future scenarios of the river landscape. Future engineering works to alter the hydrological dynamics of Paraná should pay more attention to the distribution of riparian forests because they are indicators of changes at the landscape level and they are the support for the wildlife of the river.

关键词： Riverine Forests River Pulse Paraná Floodplain Ecohydrology Fluvial Landscape

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The Influence of Water Hyacinth Floating Meadows on Limnological Characteristics in Shallow Subtropical Waters

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1983-1994页

作者： sylvina L. casco Romina P. Carnevali Alicia S.G. Poi Juan J. Neiff Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral (CONICET-UNNE) Corrientes Argentina Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral (CONICET-UNNE) Corrientes Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura (UNNE) Corrientes Argentina

The effects of free-floating mats of the water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms on the limnological characteristics of two lakes located on the fringing floodplain of the lower Paraná River (27°27'S, 58°55'W) were studied monthly between April 1998 and April 1999. The mobility of the free-floating vegetation at both locations prevented continual observation. Therefore, to carry out the intensive sampling needed for this study, two experimental ponds (A and B) were filled with water from the Paraná River in 1996. Pond A was designed to reproduce conditions similar to those of lakes vegetated with water hyacinth. Pond B was designed to recreate the limnological conditions of these lakes, such as a high concentration of dissolved and fine particulate organic matter and a peat layer on the bottom;however, pond B lacked macrophytes. Natural lakes covered with free-floating vegetation were very similar to pond A, but these water bodies showed a lower temperature, dissolved oxygen level and pH and a higher conductivity than the non-vegetated pond. Our results indicated that water hyacinth has a strong local influence on the limnological conditions in subtropical shallow lakes. Our results may assist in developing cause-consequence models by demonstrating the relevance of the effect of thermal damping produced by floating meadows.

关键词： Eichhornia crassipes Subtropical Lakes Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Electrical Conductivity pH

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