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Water deficit affects the nitrogen nutrition index of winter wheat under controlled water conditions

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 724-738页

作者： Ben Zhao Anzhen Qin Wei Feng Xinqiang Qiu Pingyan Wang Haixia Qin Yang Gao Guojie Wang Zhandong Liu syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Farmland Irrigation Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences national Engineering Research Center for Wheat/State Key Laboratory of Wheat and maize Crop Science Henan Agricultural University Henan Provincial Water Conservancy Research Institute/Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research of Henan Province Department of Plant Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityState College

nitrogen （n） uptake is regulated by water availability,and a water deficit can limit crop n responses by reducing n uptake and *** complex and multifaceted interplay between water availability and the crop n response makes it difficult to predict and quantify the effect of water deficit on crop n *** nitrogen nutrition index （nnI）has been widely used to accurately diagnose crop n status and to evaluate the effectiveness of n *** decline of nnI under water-limiting conditions has been documented,although the underlying mechanism governing this decline is not fully *** study aimed to elucidate the reason for the decline of nnI under waterlimiting conditions and to provide insights into the accurate utilization of nnI for assessing crop n status under different water–n interaction *** shelter experiments were conducted over three growing seasons from 2018 to 2021 under different n (75 and 225 kg n ha–1,low n and high n) and water （120 to 510 mm,W0 to W3） co-limitation *** n accumulation,shoot biomass （SB）,plant n concentration （%n）,soil nitrate-n content,actual evapotranspiration （ETa）,and yield were recorded at the stem elongation,booting,anthesis and grain filling *** to W0,W1 to W3 treatments exhibited nnI values that were greater by 10.2 to 20.5%,12.6to 24.8%,14 to 24.8%,and 16.8 to 24.8%at stem elongation,booting,anthesis,and grain filling,respectively,across the 2018–2021 *** decline in nnI under water-limiting conditions stemmed from two main ***,reduced ETaand SB led to a greater critical n concentration （%nc） under water-limiting conditions,which contributed to the decline in nnI primarily under high n ***,changes in plant%n played a more significant role under low n *** n accumulation exhibited a positive allometric relationship with SB and a negative relationship with soil nitrate-n content under water-limiting conditions,indicatin

关键词： critical nitrogen concentration shoot biomass plant nitrogen accumulation soil nitrate n concentration soil water content

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SAmPLED-DATA STATE ESTImATIOn FOR nEURAL nETWORKS WITH ADDITIVE TImE–VARYInG DELAYS

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2019年第1期39卷 195-213页

作者： m.syed ALI n.GUnASEKARAn Jinde CAO Department of mathematics Thiruvalluvar University Research Center for Wind Energy Systems Kunsan National University School of mathematics Southeast University

In this paper, we consider the problem of delay-dependent stability for state estimation of neural networks with two additive time–varying delay components via sampleddata control. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional with triple and four integral terms and by using Jensen's inequality, a new delay-dependent stability criterion is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LmIs) to ensure the asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point of the considered neural networks. Instead of the continuous measurement,the sampled measurement is used to estimate the neuron states, and a sampled-data estimator is constructed. Due to the delay-dependent method, a significant source of conservativeness that could be further reduced lies in the calculation of the time-derivative of the Lyapunov functional. The relationship between the time-varying delay and its upper bound is taken into account when estimating the upper bound of the derivative of Lyapunov functional. As a result, some less conservative stability criteria are established for systems with two successive delay components. Finally, numerical example is given to show the superiority of proposed method.

关键词： Lyapunov method linear matrix inequality state estimation sample-data control time-varying delays

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Eliminating the Unruh effect of relativistic Dirac fields by partial measurements

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第12期72卷 130-136页

作者： n A Khan syed Tahir Amin munsif Jan Centro de Física das Universidades do minho e Porto Departamento de Física e AstronomiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do Porto4169-007 PortoPortugal Departamento de Física Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal CeFEmA Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal Instituto de Telecomunicacoes LAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The retrieval of lost entanglement for relatively accelerated fermionic observers of a tripartite system by a partial measurement technique has been *** the prospective of the negativities of one-tangles and theπ-tangle,we show that the degraded entanglement in noninertial frames with single-mode approximation is completely retrieved by an optimal strength of the partial measurement or the partial measurement *** addition,we find that the optimal one-tangle with respect to inertial and noninertial observers turns out to be the same for an optimal strength of partial measurements at q0=0 when two accelerated observers move with infinite acceleration.

关键词： entanglement retrieval π-tangle Unruh decoherence

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Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2 photocatalyst： magnetic recovery and reuse

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 405-416页

作者： nadir Abbas Godlisten n. Shao syed m. Imran muhammad S. Haider Hee Taik Kim Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 426-791 Republic of Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 426-791 Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering University of Gujrat HH Campus Punjab Pakistan

A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania （Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2） tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEm）, transmission electron micro- scopy （TEm）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectro- scopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD ana- lysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEm and TEm characterization revealed well-developed and homo- geneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

关键词： sol-gel photocatalysis magnetic recovery,TiO2 Fe3O4 SiO2

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Slender reinforced concrete shear walls with high-strength concrete boundary elements

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第1期17卷 138-151页

作者： mohammad syed Pinar OKUmUS Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260USA

Reinforced concrete structural walls are commonly used for resisting lateral forces in buildings. Owing to the advancements in the field of concrete materials over the past few decades, concrete mixes of high compressive strength, commonly referred to as high-strength concrete (HSC), have been developed. In this study, the effects of strategic placement of HSC on the performance of slender walls were examined. The finite-element model of a conventional normal-strength concrete (nSC) prototype wall was validated using test data available in extant studies. HSC was incorporated in the boundary elements of the wall to compare its performance with that of the conventional wall at different axial loads. Potential reductions in the reinforcement area and size of the boundary elements were investigated. The HSC wall exhibited improved strength and stiffness, and thereby, allowed reduction in the longitudinal reinforcement area and size of the boundary elements for the same strength of the conventional wall. Cold joints resulting from dissimilar concrete pours in the web and boundary elements of the HSC wall were modeled and their impact on behavior of the wall was examined.

关键词： slender walls high-strength concrete rectangular and barbell-shaped walls cold joints

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Foliation and the First Law of Black Hole Thermodynamics

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第5期28卷 54-56页

作者： Azad A.Siddiqui syed muhammad Jawwad Riaz m.Akbar Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities EME CollegeNational University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Peshawar RoadRawalpindiPakistan Centre for Advanced mathematics and Physics National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Sector H-12IslamabadPakistan

There has been lots of interest in exploring the thermodynamic properties at the horizon of a black hole *** has been shown earlier that for different spacetimes,the Einstein field equations at the horizon can be expressed as the first law of black hole *** the idea of foliation,we develop a simpler procedure toobtain such *** considerγ=constant slices,for the Schwarzschild and Reissner-nordstrom black hole *** Einstein field equations for the induced 3-dimensional metrics of the hypersurfaces are expressed in thermodynamic quantities under the virtual displacements of the *** expected,it is found that the field equations of the induced metric corresponding to the horizon can be written as afirst law of black hole *** is to be mentioned here that our procedure is much easier,to obtain such results,as here one has to essentially deal with(n-1)-dimensional induced metric for an n-dimensional spacetime.

关键词： thermodynamic Einstein mentioned

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Unstructured Oncological Image Cluster Identification Using Improved Unsupervised Clustering Techniques

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 281-299页

作者： S.Sreedhar Kumar syed Thouheed Ahmed Qin Xin S.Sandeep m.madheswaran syed muzamil Basha Dr.T.Thimmaiah Institute of Technology VTUKGFKarnatakaIndia School of Computing&Information Technology REVA UniversityBengaluruIndia Faculty of Science and Technology University of the Faroe IslandsFaroe IslandsDenmark K S School of Engineering BengaluruIndia muthayammal Engineering College RasipuramTamil NaduIndia

This paper presents,a new approach of medical Image Pixels Clustering(mIPC),aims to trace the dissimilar patterns over the magnetic Resonance(mR)image through the process of automatically identify the appropriate number of distinct clusters based on different improved unsupervised clustering schemes for enrichment,pattern predication and deeper *** proposed mIPC consists of two stages:clustering and *** the clustering stage,the mIPC automatically identifies the distinct number of dissimilar clusters over the gray scale mR image based on three different improved unsupervised clustering schemes likely improved Limited Agglomerative Clustering(iLIAC),Dynamic Automatic Agglomerative Clustering(DAAC)and Optimum n-means(Onm).In the second stage,the performance of mIPC approach is estimated by measuring Intra intimacy and Intra contrast of each individual cluster in the result of mR image based on proposed validation method namely Shreekum Intra Cluster measure(SICm).Experimental results showthat the mIPC approach is better suited for automatic identification of highly relative dissimilar clusters over the mR cancer images with higher Intra closeness and lower Intra contrast based on improved unsupervised clustering schemes.

关键词： magnetic resonance image unsupervised clustering scheme intra intimacy intra contrast iLIAC shreekum intra cluster measure medical image clustering

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Parametric relationship between hypoid gear teeth and accurate face-milling cutter

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Advances in manufacturing 2020年第4期8卷 537-555页

作者： mahmoud Rababah muhammad Wasif syed Amir Iqbal Department of mechanical Engineering Hashemite UniversityZarqaJordan Department of Industrial and manufacturing Engineering NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan

The cutter systems of hypoid gear cutting machines contain groups of inside and outside *** these cutter systems,the side cutting edges of the blades machine the convex and concave gear teeth while rotating about the cutter rotation *** side cutting edges lay on the rake face formed through the blade,rake,and relief angles;hence,the normal cross-section of the cutter swept surface forms hyperboloid gear *** the accurate geometry of the cutter system,a relationship between the pressure and spiral angles of the gear tooth and the parameters of the cutter system is developed for the FORmAT machining of a hypoid gear.A new parameterization of the gear tooth surfaces is introduced to determine these angles for the accurate gear tooth by the accurate cutter system.A numerical example with different cutter systems and blade parameters is presented,demonstrating the effects of rake and relief angles over the pressure and spiral angles on mea n point projections and gear tooth ***,the change in pressure and spiral angles with respect to the rake and relief angles are plotted,and the results are ***,it is concluded that the pressure and spiral angles are changed up to a few seconds of a degree in the operating area of the tooth with the change in the back and side rake *** side relief angle exhibited little or no effect over the geometry of the gear tooth.

关键词： Hypoid gear Pressure angle Spiral angle Accurate blade Cutter head

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navigating IoT Security:Insights into Architecture,Key Security Features,Attacks,Current Challenges and AI-Driven Solutions Shaping the Future of Connectivity

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 3499-3559页

作者： Ali Hassan n.nizam-Uddin Asim Quddus syed Rizwan Hassan Ateeq Ur Rehman Salil Bharany Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Biomedical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Electronics Engineering University of ChakwalChakwal48800Pakistan Department of Computer Science NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer ResearchFaisalabad38000Pakistan School of Computing Gachon UniversitySeongnam-si13120Republic of Korea Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia

Enhancing the interconnection of devices and systems,the Internet of Things(IoT)is a paradigm-shifting *** security concerns are still a substantial concern despite its extraordinary *** paper offers an extensive review of IoT security,emphasizing the technology’s architecture,important security elements,and common *** highlights how important artificial intelligence(AI)is to bolstering IoT security,especially when it comes to addressing risks at different IoT architecture *** systematically examined current mitigation strategies and their effectiveness,highlighting contemporary challenges with practical solutions and case studies from a range of industries,such as healthcare,smart homes,and industrial *** results highlight the importance of AI methods that are lightweight and improve security without compromising the limited resources of devices and computational *** networks can ensure operational efficiency and resilience by proactively identifying and countering security risks by utilizing machine learning *** study provides a comprehensive guide for practitioners and researchers aiming to understand the intricate connection between IoT,security challenges,and AI-driven solutions.

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI) IoT architecture security attacks in IoT

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Investigation of two coronal mass ejections from circular ribbon source region:Origin,Sun-Earth propagation and Geoeffectiveness

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第12期21卷 531-549页

作者： m.syed Ibrahim Wahab Uddin Bhuwan Joshi Ramesh Chandra Arun Kumar Awasthi aryabhatta research institute of observational sciences nainital 263002 india kodaikanal solar observatory indian institute of astrophysicskodaikanal-624103tamil naduindia udaipur solar observatory physical research laboratoryudaipur 313004india department of physics dsb campuskumaun universitynainital 263002india cas key laboratory of geospace environment department of geophysics and planetary sciencesuniversity of science and technology of chinahefei 230026china

In this article,we compare the properties of two coronal mass ejections(CmEs)that show similar source region characteristics but different evolutionary behaviors in the later *** discuss the two events in terms of their near-Sun characteristics,interplanetary evolution and *** carefully analyzed the initiation and propagation parameters of these events to establish the precise CmEinterplanetary CmE(ICmE)connection and their near-Earth *** first event is associated with poor geomagnetic storm disturbance index(Dst≈-20 n T)while the second event is associated with an intense geomagnetic storm of DST≈-119 n *** configuration of the sunspots in the active regions and their evolution are observed by Helioseismic and magnetic Imager(HmI).For source region imaging,we rely on data obtained from Atmospheric Imaging Assembly(AIA)on board Solar Dynamics Observatory(SDO)and Hαfiltergrams from the Solar Tower Telescope at Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences(ARIES).For both the CmEs,flux rope eruptions from the source region triggered flares of similar intensities(≈m1).At the solar source region of the eruptions,we observed a circular ribbon flare(CRF)for both cases,suggesting fan-spine magnetic configuration in the active region *** multi-channel SDO observations confirm that the eruptive flares and subsequent CmEs were intimately related to the filament *** the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronograph(LASCO)field of view(FOV)the two CmEs propagated with linear speeds of 671 and 631 km s-1,*** CmEs were tracked up to the Earth by Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory(STEREO)*** find that the source region evolution of CmEs,guided by the large-scale coronal magnetic field configuration,along with near-Sun propagation characteristics,such as CmE-CmE interactions,played important roles in deciding the evolution of CmEs in the interplanetary medium and subsequently their geoeffec

关键词： Sun:coronal mass ejections(CmEs) Sun:flares

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