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Diagnostic Accuracy of Gray Scale Sonography for the Detection of Malignant Breast Tumour

Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2019年第3期8卷 112-118页

作者： Showkat Ara A. F. M. Arshedi Sattar syed md. sazzad kamal md. Durrul Huda md. Abdullah Yusuf md. Shahidul Islam Department of Neuroradiology & Imaging National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Microbiology National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh 250 Bedded General Hospital Jessor Bangladesh Department of Radiology & Imaging Institute of Health Technology Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Radiology & Imaging Sheikh Hasina Medical College Tangail Bangladesh

Background: Gray scale sonography is an important diagnostic tool for the detection of malignant breast tumour. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the diagnostic validity gray scale sonography to detect malignant lesions of breast. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, in collaboration with the department of Surgery and Pathology at Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009 for a period of one year. Women presented with clinically suspected breast mass from outpatients’ department (OPD) or inpatient department (IPD) were purposively selected and was Ultrasonographic diagnosis. 2-D Real-Time B-Mode Ultrasonographic examinations were done using high frequency (7.5 MHz) linear transducer. Result: Test of validity was done for color Doppler Sonographic findings in evaluation of benign and malignant breast lesion. Out of 50 cases, 23 cases were true positive;4 cases were false negative;1 case was false positive;22 cases were true negative confirmed by histopathology. Here sensitivity and specificity of Gray scale ultrasonography were 85.18% and 95.0% respectively. Here accuracy of Gray scale study was 90.0%. Positive predictive value was 95.83% and negative predictive value was 84.61%. Conclusion: Gray scale ultrasonography is a useful method in the differentiation between benign and malignant breast masses.

关键词： Gray Scale Ultrasonography Breast Tumour Diagnostic Accuracy

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Micro-scale behavior of granular materials during cyclic loading

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Particuology 2014年第5期12卷 132-141页

作者： md.Mahmud sazzad Department of Civil Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & TechnologyRajshahi 6204.Bangladesh

This study presents the micro-scale behavior of granular materials under biaxial cyclic loading for differ- ent confining pressures using the two-dimensional （2D） discrete element method （DEM）. Initially, 8450 ovals were generated in a rectangular frame without any overlap. Four dense samples having confining pressures of 15, 25, 50, and 100 kPa were prepared from the initially generated sparse sample. Numeri- cal simulations were performed under biaxial cyclic loading using these isotropically compressed dense samples. The numerical results depict stress-strain-dilatancy behavior that was similar to that observed in experimental studies. The relationship between the stress ratio and dilatancy rate is almost indepen- dent of confining pressures during loading but significantly dependent on the confining pressures during unloading. The evolution of the coordination number, effective coordination number and slip coordina- tion number depends on both the confining pressures and cyclic loading. The cyclic loading significantly affects the microtopology of the granular assembly. The contact fabric and the fabric-related anisotropy are reported, as well. A strong correlation between the stress ratio and the fabric related to contact normals is observed during cyclic loading, irrespective of confining pressures.

关键词： Cyclic loading Confining pressure Micro-scale behavior Granular matter Fabric measures

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Unicast routing protocols for urban vehicular networks:review, taxonomy, and open research issues

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第7期15卷 489-513页

作者： syed Adeel Ali SHAH Muhammad SHIRAZ Mostofa kamal NASIR Rafidah Binti md.NOOR Mobile Ad Hoc Technology Lab Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya

Over the past few years, numerous traffic safety applications have been developed using vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs). These applications represent public interest and require network-wide dissemination techniques. On the other hand, certain non-safety applications do not require network-wide dissemination *** applications can be characterized by their individual interest between two vehicles that are geographically apart. In the existing literature, several proposals of unicast protocols exist that can be used for these non-safety applications. Among the proposals, unicast protocols for city scenarios are considered to be most *** implies that in city scenarios unicast protocols show minimal persistence towards highly dynamic vehicular characteristics, including mobility, road structure, and physical environment. Unlike other studies, this review is motivated by the diversity of vehicular characteristics and difficulty of unicast protocol adaption in city *** review starts with the categorization of unicast protocols for city scenarios according to their requirement for a predefined unicast path. Then, properties of typical city roads are discussed, which helps to explore limitations in efficient unicast communication. Through an exhaustive literature review, we propose a thematic taxonomy based on different aspects of unicast protocol operation. It is followed by a review of selected unicast protocols for city scenarios that reveal their fundamental characteristics. Several significant parameters from the taxonomy are used to qualitatively compare the reviewed protocols. Qualitative comparison also includes critical investigation of distinct approaches taken by researchers in experimental protocol evaluation. As an outcome of this review, we point out open research issues in unicast routing.

关键词： Unicast protocols Taxonomy Protocol review Vehicular ad hoc networks Geographic routing

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quantum gases power law potential grand potential condensation hierarchy

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第2期65卷 169-176页

作者： Mir Mehedi Faruk md.sazzad Hossain md.Muktadir Rahman Department of Theoretical Physics University of Dhaka Dhaka-lO00 Bangladesh Theoretical Physics Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Nuclear Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh

The changes in characteristics of Bose condensation of ideal Bose gas due to an external generic power law potential U =∑~d_（i=1）ci｜xi/ai｜~（ni） are studied carefully. Detailed calculation of Kim et al.（J. Phys. Condens. Matter 11（1999） 10269） yielded the hierarchy of condensation transitions with changing fractional dimensionality. In this manuscript, some theorems regarding specific heat at constant volume CV are presented. Careful examination of these theorems reveal the existence of hidden hierarchy of the condensation transition in trapped systems as well.

关键词： Investigation of Bose Condensation in Ideal Bose Gas Trapped under Generic Power Law Potential in d Dimension

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Lived Experience of Thalassaemic Children in Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第11期10卷 1109-1125页

作者： Khaleda Akter Shanzida Khatun md. sazzad Hossain Dhaka Nursing College Dhaka Bangladesh Faculty of Child Health Nursing NIANER Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Worldwide thalassemia poses a serious public health problem due to the high prevalence. Globally, 15 million people are suffering from clinically thalassemic disorders. Objective: To describe the lived experience of thalassaemic children in Bangladesh. Methods: This study was conducted following a descriptive qualitative research approach. Twenty thalassemic children were recruited purposively in the present study. Semi-structured individual’s interview guidelines were used to collect in depth information. In addition, digital recorder was used to capture the children’s voice. Data were analyzed using the process of content analysis. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), NIANER. Results: The mean age of the thalassemic children was (16.05) SD = 1.877. Most of the children were Muslim (95.0%) and they study at school (70.0%). Most of their mothers were (90.0%) housewife. This study revealed four major themes and eleven subthemes based on the experience of thalassemic children: 1) understanding of children meaning of thalassaemia: perception of children, unable to perform daily activities, and educational impact, 2) feeling frustrating experience and disease management: feelings about long term treatment, coping and altered body image, 3) family relationship: differences from siblings, parental attention and feeling burden, and 4) social interactions: sharing with peer, inability to social interaction. Conclusion: This study indicated that thalassaemia has affected negatively on several areas of health of these children including physical, emotional, social financial and educational areas. Reducing these problems requires comprehensive constant support and surveying health and medical status of these children to promote care and decrease the suffering of thalassaemic children. The findings of the present study are grounds for further research in

关键词： Lived Experience Thalassaemia Children

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Determine the Factors of Female Early Age at First Cohabitation: A Case Study of Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Statistics 2015年第6期5卷 494-501页

作者： md. Yasin Ali Parh Sharmin Aktar Sumy md. sazzad Hossain Department of Statistics Islamic University Kushtia Banglades

The main objective of the current study is to examine the existing situation of female early age at first cohabitation in Bangladesh as well as to identify the factors associated behind this issue. An analysis has been performed by using the secondary data of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2011. Chi-square test for dependency checking has been performed as bivariate analysis. After performing bivariate analysis, binary logistic regression analysis has been performed. To identify the significant variable, stepwise regression method has also been performed. The result of the study has revealed that women education, household economic status, area of residence, religion and geographical location have significant contribution for adolescent cohabitation. From this study it can be concluded that females who has low education and low socio-economic status are more likely to enter into cohabitation at early adulthood.

关键词： Female Early Age at First Cohabitation Bivariate Analysis Logistic Regression Analysis Odds Ratio Step Wise Regression

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GIS-Based Analysis to Identify the Distribution and Accessibility of Urban Green Space in Dhaka Metropolitan City, Bangladesh

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2023年第1期15卷 35-52页

作者： Mohammad Wahidur Khan md. sazzad Hossain Mahbubul Alam Chair of Ecosystem Services Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany Chair of Tropical Forestry Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

Urban Green Space (UGS) plays an important role in minimizing the negative effects of urbanization on city dwellers, which is predominantly factored into the accessibility to UGS. This study elucidated the distribution and accessibility of UGS in Dhaka, Bangladesh considering the paucity of such important scientific studies in the given area. The methodological structure of this study employed a multispectral Landsat satellite image from 2020 for identifying the logically defined UGSs, as well as a minimum proxy distance being the parameter to estimate accessibility to the UGS through a primary survey scheme and literature review. Considering UGS as a public area, we adopted a hybrid (combination of supervised and unsupervised classification) method followed by post-classification for UGS distribution assessment. The unsupervised classification identified the overall distribution of green spaces, whereas the anomalies of generated classes were rectified during the post-classification. Following the study findings, UGS in Dhaka metropolitan city accounts for only 602 ha or 1.9% of the total geographical space, with Ramna thana ranked as the highest contributor of 111 ha. However, in terms of accessibility to the UGS by city residents, 19.9% of the buildings in Dhaka metropolitan city were computed to be within the determined proxy distance of 500 m around the UGS. Also, parallel to UGS distribution, green space in Ramna thana (111 ha) exhibited the highest accessibility rate (64%) to the UGS compared with other thanas in Dhaka metropolitan city. The baseline findings will contribute to the long-term sustainable urban planning and development of more accessible green spaces in the study area.

关键词： Urbanization Urban Green Space Accessibility Proxy Distance

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A novel (G'/G)-expansion method and its application to the Boussinesq equation

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第2期23卷 34-43页

作者： md.Nur Alam md.Ali Akbar syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din Department of Mathematics Pabna University of Science and Technology Department of Applied Mathematics University of Rajshahi Department of Mathematics HITEC UniversityTaxila Cantt

In this article, a novel （G＇/G）-expansion method is proposed to search for the traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. We construct abundant traveling wave solutions involving parameters to the Boussinesq equation by means of the suggested method. The performance of the method is reliable and useful, and gives more general exact solutions than the existing methods. The new （G＇/G）-expansion method provides not only more general forms of solutions but also cuspon, peakon, soliton, and periodic waves.

关键词： (G'/G)-expansion method Boussinesq equation solitary wave solutions auxiliary nonlinear ordinary differential equation

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Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Methane on Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 66-77页

作者： Mohd Saufi md.Zaini Muhammad Arshad syed Shatir A.syed-Hassan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan TerengganuKampus Bukit BesiDungun 23200Malaysia Department of Basic Science Jhang-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal ScienceLahore 35200Pakistan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah Alam 40450Malaysia

Activated carbon(AC)was synthesized from palm kernel shell(PKS)using different activating agents,i.e.,steam,carbon dioxide(CO 2),and CO 2-steam,in order to analyze the impact of acti-vating agents on the pore opening of *** this study,AC produced from PKS was found to have great potential as an adsorbent for methane *** different molecular diffusivity and reac-tivity of the combination of CO 2 and steam succeeded in producing AC with the highest burn-offof 78.57%,a surface area of 869.82 m 2/g,a total pore volume of 0.47 cm 3/g,and leading to maximum methane gas adsorption capacity of 4.500 mol/*** types of ACs exhibited the best fit with the Freundlich isotherm model,with the correlation coefficient(R 2)ranging from 0.997 to 0.999,indicating the formation of multilayer *** addition,the adsorption kinetic data for all ACs followed the pseudo-first-order model showing that the rate of adsorption was dependent on both the adsorbent and the adsorbate and was governed primarily by physical ad-sorption between the pore surface and methane *** results of intraparticle diffusion model indicated that the adsorption of methane was affected by both pore diffusion and exterior layer diffusion due to the different adsorption rates.

关键词： Palm kernel shell Activated carbon Methane adsorption Kinetic model Isotherm model

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Finite Element Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed Convection in a Lid-Driven Trapezoidal Enclosure Having Heated Triangular Block

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2020年第3期10卷 441-459页

作者： Muhammad Sajjad Hossain md. Abdul Alim Laek sazzad Andallah Department of Arts and Sciences Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology (AUST) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh

A numerical research on magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection flow in a lid-driven trapezoidal enclosure at non-uniform heating of bottom wall has been studied numerically. The enclosure consists of insulated top wall and cold side walls, too. It also contains a heated triangular block (Rot = 0° - 90°) located somewhere inside the enclosure. The boundary top wall of the enclosure is moving through uniform speed U0. The geometry of the model has been represented mathematically by coupled governing equations in accordance with proper boundary conditions and then a two-dimensional Galerkin finite element based numerical approach has been adopted to solve this paper. The numerical computations have been carried out for the wide range of parameters Prandtl number (0.5 ≤ Pr ≤ 2), Reynolds number (60 ≤ Re ≤ 120), Rayleigh number (Ra = 103) and Hartmann number (Ha = 20) taking with different rotations of heated triangular block. The results have been shown in the form of streamlines, temperature patterns or isotherms, average Nusselt number and average bulk temperature of the fluid in the enclosure at non-uniform heating of bottom wall. It is also indicated that both the streamlines, isotherm patterns strongly depend on the aforesaid governing parameters and location of the triangular block but the thermal conductivity of the triangular block has a noteworthy role on the isotherm pattern lines. Moreover, the variation of Nuav of hot bottom wall and θav in the enclosure is demonstrated here to show the characteristics of heat transfer in the enclosure.

关键词： Mixed Convection Magentohydrodynamic Finite Element Method Trapezoidal Enclosure Triangular Block Non-Uniform Heating

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