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Novel Deletion in Exon 7 of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2(BADH2)

Rice science 2023年第2期30卷 104-112,I0020-I0030页

作者： VAN Quoc Giang HUYNH Ky NGUYEN Chau Thanh Tung NGUYEN Loc Hien NGUYEN van Manh NGUYEN Nhut Thanh VO Cong Thanh swee keong yea. College of Agriculture Can Tho UniversityCan Tho 92000Vietnam Department of Sciences and Technology of Long An Province Long An 850000Vietnam China-Association of Southeast Asian Nations College of Marine Sciences Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang 49000SelangorMalaysia

The fragrance of rice is one of the premium characteristics that breeders want to include in rice varieties due to the higher market value. Nucleotide deletions in exons 2(7 bp) and 7(8 bp) of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2(BADH2) are associated with fragrance in rice. In this study, a new 13 bp deletion in exon 7 of the BADH2 gene was discovered in the Nang Thom Cho Dao(NTCD) variety, and the mutation has been closely related to the genetic background of indica subspecies through the Bayesian phylogenetic approach and haplotype network analysis of the 3 000 Rice Genomes Project. In addition, a set of functional markers(EX07-13F, EX07-13RN, and EX07-13RM) identified the 13 bp deletion only within NTCD(no amplified band) compared with both non-aromatic and other aromatic rice varieties(110 bp band). The deletion of 13 bases instead of 8 bases in exon 7 of BADH2 caused a premature stop codon, which down-regulated the expression of the BADH2 transcript while associated with up-regulation of OsP5CS and the high amount of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. It is potential to use the deletion in exon 7 of the BADH2 gene as a novel marker for adulteration and breeding of fragrant rice varieties, particularly for NTCD.

关键词： novel deletion BADH2 fragrant rice functional marker

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Brewers' rice modulates oxidative stress in azoxymethanemediated colon carcinogenesis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第29期21卷 8826-8835页

作者： Bee Ling Tan Mohd Esa Norhaizan Ky Huynh swee keong yea. Hamzah Hazilawati Karim Roselina Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Research Centre of Excellent Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Food Technology Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia

AIM: To investigate the mechanistic action of brewers' rice in regulating the Wnt/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)/Nrf2-signaling pathways during colon carcinogenesis in male Sprague-Dawley ***: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following five groups(six rats in each group):(G1) normal,(G2) azoxymethane(AOM) alone,(G3) AOM + 10%(weight(w)/weight(w)) brewers' rice,(G4) AOM + 20%(w/w) brewers' rice, and(G5) AOM + 40%(w/w) brewers' rice. They were intraperitoneally administered 15 mg/kg body weight of AOM in saline once weekly over a twoweek period and treated with an American Institute of Nutrition(AIN)-93 G diet containing 10%, 20%, and 40%(w/w) brewers' rice. The m RNA levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK 3β), β-catenin, key inflammation markers, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)-dependent transcriptional activity were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. The colon superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels were also analyzed to assess the antioxidant effect of these treatments. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA), and a P value of < 0.05 was considered ***: The overall analyses demonstrated that the dietary administration of brewers' rice in AOM-induced rat colon carcinogenesis resulted in the transcriptional upregulation of GSK 3β, inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS), Nrf2, and HO-1. We discovered that the dietary administration of brewers' rice downregulated the β-catenin and NF-κB m RNA levels. A significant reduction in β-catenin expression was found in the groups administered with 20%(0.611 ± 0.034) and 40%(0.436 ± 0.045)(w/w) brewers' rice compared with that of the group treated with AOM alone(1.000 ± 0.064)(P < 0.05). The NF-κB expression was significantly lower between the AOM-alone group(1.000 ± 0.048) and those groups fed with diets containing 10%(w/w) brewers' rice(0.255 ± 0.022), 20%

关键词： Brewers' rice Nuclear factor-kappa B Coloncancer β-catenin nuclear factor E2-related factor 2

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Improve Electricity Efficiency by Applying TRIZ

Improve Electricity Efficiency by Applying TRIZ

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作者： Nikalus Shu Luing swee Mum Wai Yip Chee Sheng keong See Chew Tai Guat Guan Toh Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Department of Mechanical Engineering Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Department of Chemistry & Biology Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Department of Electronic Engineering Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Department of Accounting & Finance Tunku Abdul Rahman University College

This paper aims to provide a systematic analysis by applying TRIZ to reduce the consumption of household electricity, and nonetheless it does not demote the quality of living. TRIZ tools such as defining engineering system, function analysis, cause and effect chain analysis and contraction matrix are applied in order to discover some feasible and elegant solutions to alleviate the problem. Findings revealed that the problems of high household electricity consumption are owing to the wastage of electricity due to the ignorance behavior, poor layout design of the house, stand-by mode "leak" of electrical appliances and high electricity consumption from old electronic products. The root causes and contradictions are solved by applying contradiction matrix, and inventive principles are recommended, i.e., segmentation, copying, preliminary action, dynamization, intermediary, and parameter changes. Therefore, it can be concluded that TRIZ is a systematic and innovative tool in problem solving.

关键词： Electricity efficiency systematic analysis TRIZ contradiction matrix

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