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Differential RNA Editing of Mitochondrial Genes in WA-Cytoplasmic Based Male Sterile Line Pusa 6A, and Its Maintainer and Restorer Lines

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Rice science 2019年第5期26卷 282-289页

作者： Umakanta NGANGKHAM swarup kumar PARIDA Ashok kumar SINGH Trilochan MOHAPATRA National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology New Delhi 110012India Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Research Complex for North East Hill Region Indian Council of Agricultural ResearchUmiam 793103India National Institute of Plant Genome Research New Delhi 110067India Division of Genetics Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India Indian Council of Agricultural Research New Delhi 110001India

RNA editing changes the nucleotides at the transcript level of mitochondrial genes which results in synthesis of functional proteins.This study was designed to find the editing sites which could be implicated in male fertility restoration and to develop editing based markers for differentiation of cytoplasmic male sterility and maintainer lines from each other.DNA and RNA from young panicles were isolated from three-line system of hybrid rice PRH10,wild abortive(WA)cytoplasm based male sterile(A line Pusa 6A),maintainer(B line Pusa 6B)and restorer(R line PRR78)lines.Pusa 6A and PRR78 having the same WA cytoplasm are allo-nuclear and iso-cytpolasmic lines.The genomic and cDNA amplicons for eight mitochondrial genes(18SrRNA,atp6,atp9,cobII,coxI,coxIII,nadI and rps3)were sequenced and compared.Differences in genomic and cDNA sequences were considered as editing.Two hundred and thirty editing sites having base substitution or insertion/deletion were identified with the highest in 18SrRNA(5.74%)and the lowest in coxI(0.60%).The highest editing sites were observed in fertile maintainer Pusa 6B followed by PRR78 and Pusa 6A,of which random five editing sites in five different rice mitochondrial transcripts namely atp9,cobII,coxIII,rps3 and 18SrRNA were chosen and validated through cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence(CAPS)analysis and found to be partially edited in four genes.The identical editing sites of different mitochondrial genes from maintainer and restorer lines might reflect their possible contribution to fertility restoration of sterile WA cytoplasm.

关键词： cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence cytoplasmic male sterility hybrid rice RNAediting mitochondrial gene wild abortive nucleotide

Model-based reinforcement learning for router port queue configurations

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2021年第3期2卷 177-197页

作者： Ajay Kattepur Sushanth David swarup kumar Mohalik Intelligence System Group Ericsson ResearchBangalore 560093India Ericsson Managed Services Unit in Texas PlanoTX 75025USA

Fifth-generation(5G)systems have brought about new challenges toward ensuring Quality of Service(QoS)in differentiated services.This includes low latency applications,scalable machine-to-machine communication,and enhanced mobile broadband connectivity.In order to satisfy these requirements,the concept of network slicing has been introduced to generate slices of the network with specific characteristics.In order to meet the requirements of network slices,routers and switches must be effectively configured to provide priority queue provisioning,resource contention management and adaptation.Configuring routers from vendors,such as Ericsson,Cisco,and Juniper,have traditionally been an expert-driven process with static rules for individual flows,which are prone to sub optimal configurations with varying traffic conditions.In this paper,we model the internal ingress and egress queues within routers via a queuing model.The effects of changing queue configuration with respect to priority,weights,flow limits,and packet drops are studied in detail.This is used to train a model-based Reinforcement Learning(RL)algorithm to generate optimal policies for flow prioritization,fairness,and congestion control.The efficacy of the RL policy output is demonstrated over scenarios involving ingress queue traffic policing,egress queue traffic shaping,and one-hop router coordinated traffic conditioning.This is evaluated over a real application use case,wherein a statically configured router proved sub optimal toward desired QoS requirements.Such automated configuration of routers and switches will be critical for multiple 5G deployments with varying flow requirements and traffic patterns.

关键词： router port queues model-based Reinforcement Learning(RL) network slicing

Effect of cooling media on bead geometry,microstructure,and mechanical properties of wire arc additive manufactured IN718 alloy

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 124-149页

作者： Parveen kumar Satish kumar Sharma Ratnesh kumar Raj Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatialaPunjab147004India

This work aims to present and explore thermal management techniques for the wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)of IN718 components.Excessive heat can be mitigated via air or water cooling.In this study,the material was deposited under four different heat-input conditions with air or water cooling.In air cooling,the layer is deposited in a normal atmospheric air environment,whereas with water cooling,the material is deposited inside a water tank by varying the water level.To validate the air and water cooling thermal management techniques,IN718 single-pass and multilayer linear walls were deposited using the bidirectional gas metal arc welding based WAAM setup under four different heat input conditions.During the deposition of single layers,the temperature profiles were recorded,and the geometric and microstructural features were explored.For multilayer wall structures,the mechanical properties(hardness,tensile strength,and elongation)were determined and assessed using the corresponding microstructural features explored through scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)analyses.The microstructure observed through SEM analysis in the building direction was found to be nonhomogenous compared with that in the deposition direction.Moreover,water cooling was found to govern bead characteristics,such as wall width and height.The grain size and anisotropy of the mechanical properties also decreased in the water-cooled case.Hence,water cooling is an economical and efficient method to mitigate excessive heat accumulation in WAAM-deposited IN718.

关键词： Air cooling Water cooling IN718 Bead characteristics Microstructure Electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)

A comprehensive review on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of 8 potent Prunus species of southeast Asia

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 620-628页

作者： Shikha Agrawal Adarsh kumar Ankit kumar Singh Harshwardhan Singh Suresh Thareja Pradeep kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products Central University of Punjab

Genus Prunus comprising around 430 species is a vast important genus of family Rosaceae, subfamily amygdalaoidae. Among all 430 species, around 19 important species are commonly found in Indian subcontinent due to their broad nutritional and economic importance. Some most common species of genus Prunus are Prunus amygdalus, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, etc. A newly introduced species of Prunus i.e Prunus sunhangii is recently discovered which is morphologically very similar to Prunus cerasoides. Plants of Prunus species are short to medium-sized deciduous trees mainly found in the northern hemisphere. In India and its subcontinent,it extends from the Himalayas to Sikkim, Meghalaya,Bhutan, Myanmar etc. Different Prunus species have been extensively studied for their morphological,microscopic, pharmacological and phytoconstituents characteristics. Total phenolic content of Prunus species explains the presence of phenols in high quantity and pharmacological activity due to phenols. Phytochemical screening of species of genus Prunus shows the presence of wide phytoconstituents which contributes in their pharmacological significance and reveals the therapeutic potential and traditional medicinal significance of this genus. Genus Prunus showed a potent antioxidant activity analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical assay. Plant species belonging to the genus Prunus is widely used traditionally for the treatment of various disorders. Some specific Prunus species possess potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic etc. activity which makes the genus more interesting for further research and findings. This review is an attempt to summarize the comprehensive study of Prunus species from its distribution, morphological characters to phytoconstituents, and pharmacological activity.

关键词： Prunus Rosaceae antineoplastic agents distribution hypoglycemic agents phytochemistry review

A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 42-51页

作者： Sunil kumar Asmita Das Department of Biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhi(110042)India

Objective: To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSC). Methods: Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2R tool. Common differentially expressed gerres(DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. Results: Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expressions of all 110 commonly DEGs were altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside Rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. Conclusions: This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.

关键词： natural compounds chemopreventive gene expression head and neck cancer immunomodulator salidroside ginsenoside Rd oridonin britanin scutellarein

Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath kumar Rakesh kumar Rajeev Verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of implants.Orthopaedic surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant performance.To obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case studies.The interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve it.Several modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly analysed.Thermal spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of applications.Notably,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant functionality.This systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

Drug resistance mechanisms in cancers:Execution of prosurvival strategies

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第2期38卷 95-121页

作者： Pavan kumar Dhanyamraju Fels Cancer Institute of Personalized Medicine Lewis-Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140USA

One of the quintessential challenges in cancer treatment is drug resistance.Several mechanisms of drug resistance have been described to date,and new modes of drug resistance continue to be discovered.The phenomenon of cancer drug resistance is now widespread,with approximately 90% of cancer-related deaths associated with drug resistance.Despite significant advances in the drug discovery process,the emergence of innate and acquired mechanisms of drug resistance has impeded the progress in cancer therapy.Therefore,understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance and the various pathways involved is integral to treatment modalities.In the present review,I discuss the different mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer cells,including DNA damage repair,epithelial to mesenchymal transition,inhibition of cell death,alteration of drug targets,inactivation of drugs,deregulation of cellular energetics,immune evasion,tumor-promoting inflammation,genome instability,and other contributing epigenetic factors.Furthermore,I highlight available treatment options and conclude with future directions.

关键词： cancer drug resistance mechanisms microRNAs treatment strategies

Identification of earthquake induced structural damage based on synchroextracting transform

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 475-487页

作者： Roshan kumar Gaurav kumar Wei Zhao Arvind R Yadav Gang Yu Jayendra kumar Evans Amponsah Department of Electronic and Information Technology Miami College of Henan UniversityHenan 475004China Alliance University Alliance College of Engineering and DesignBanglore 562106India Department of Electronics and Comm Parul UniversityVadodra 391760India School of Electrical Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Department of Electronics and Comm NIT JamshedpurJamshedpur 831014India Department of Civil engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi 10959Ghana

Several popular time-frequency techniques,including the Wigner-Ville distribution,smoothed pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution,wavelet transform,synchrosqueezing transform,Hilbert-Huang transform,and Gabor-Wigner transform,are investigated to determine how well they can identify damage to structures.In this work,a synchroextracting transform(SET)based on the short-time Fourier transform is proposed for estimating post-earthquake structural damage.The performance of SET for artificially generated signals and actual earthquake signals is examined with existing methods.Amongst other tested techniques,SET improves frequency resolution to a great extent by lowering the influence of smearing along the time-frequency plane.Hence,interpretation and readability with the proposed method are improved,and small changes in the time-varying frequency characteristics of the damaged buildings are easily detected through the SET method.

关键词： cross-term damage detection earthquake signal synchroextracting transform time-frequency

Study of damage behavior and repair effectiveness of patch repaired carbon fiber laminate under quasi-static indentation loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 29-41页

作者： Alok kumar Chinmaya kumar Sahoo A.Arockiarajan Department of Applied Mechanics Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

Damage caused due to low-velocity impacts in composites leads to substantial deterioration in their residual strength and eventually provokes structural failure.This work presents an experimental investigation on the effects of different patch and parent laminate stacking sequences on the enhancement of impact strength of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers(CFRP)composites by utilising the adhesively bonded external patch repair technique.Damage evolution study is also performed with the aid of Acoustic Emission(AE).Two different quasi-isotropic configurations were selected for the parent laminate,viz.,[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s.Quasi Static Indentation(QSI)test was performed on both the pristine laminates,and damage areas were detected by using the C-scan inspection technique.Damaged laminates were repaired by using a single-sided patch of two different configurations,viz.,[45°/45°/45°/45°]and[45°/0°/0°/45°],and employing a circular plug to fill the damaged hole.Four different combinations of repaired laminates with two configurations of each parent and patch laminate were produced,which were further subjected to the QSI test.The results reveal the effectiveness of the repair method,as all the repaired laminates show higher impact resistance compared to the respective pristine laminates.Patches of[45°/0°/0°/45°]configuration when repaired by taking[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s as parents exhibited 68%and 73%higher peak loads,respectively,than the respective pristine laminates.Furthermore,parent and patch of configuration[45°/0°/45°/0°]s and[45°/0°/0°/45°],respectively,attain the highest peak load,whereas[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/45°/45°/45°]combinations possess the most gradual decrease in the load.

关键词： Carbon fiber reinforced polymers(CFRP) Quasi-isotropic laminate Quasi static indentation(QSI) Acoustic emission(AE) Composite repair