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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2018年第11期5卷 1-18页

作者： Caleb J.Yelton swapan K.Ray Department of Pathology Microbiologyand ImmunologyUniversity of South Carolina School of MedicineColumbiaSC 29209USA

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is the most common primary central nervous system malignancy in adults, has long presented a formidable challenge to researchers and clinicians alike. Dismal 5-year survival rates of the patients with these tumors and the ability of the recurrent tumors to evade primary treatment strategies have prompted a need for alternative therapies in the treatment of GBM. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are currently a potential epigenetic therapy modality under investigation for use in GBM with mixed results. While these agents show promise through a variety of proposed mechanisms in the pre-clinical realm, only several of these agents have shown this same promise when translated into the clinical arena, either as monotherapy or for use in combination regimens. This review will examine the current state of use of HDAC inhibitors in GBM, the mechanistic rationale for use of HDAC inhibitors in GBM, and then examine an exciting new mechanistic revelation of certain HDAC inhibitors that promote antitumor immunity in GBM. The details of this antitumor immunity will be discussed with an emphasis on application of this antitumor immunity towards developing alternative therapies for treatment of GBM. The final section of this article will provide an overview of the current state of immunotherapy targeted specifically to GBM.

关键词： Glioblastoma histone deacetylase inhibitors antitumor effects antitumor immunity

Bt水稻对主要非靶标害虫和蜘蛛优势种田间种群动态的影响

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植物保护学报 2002年第2期29卷 138-144页

作者：刘志诚叶恭银胡萃 swapan Kumar Datta 浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所杭州310029 国际水稻研究所

研究了2个转cry1Ab+cry1Ac杂合基因籼稻品系TT9-3和T19-4对主要非靶标害虫飞虱、叶蝉以及捕食性蜘蛛优势种田间种群动态的影响。结果表明,Bt稻与亲本对照(IR72)田间白背飞虱和黑尾叶蝉成虫的虫口密度在整个水稻生育期间无显著差异,而若... 详细信息

研究了2个转cry1Ab+cry1Ac杂合基因籼稻品系TT9-3和T19-4对主要非靶标害虫飞虱、叶蝉以及捕食性蜘蛛优势种田间种群动态的影响。结果表明,Bt稻与亲本对照(IR72)田间白背飞虱和黑尾叶蝉成虫的虫口密度在整个水稻生育期间无显著差异,而若虫密度有一定的不同。TT9-3稻田中白背飞虱和黑尾叶蝉若虫密度分别于移栽后早中期和中后期显著高于对照;TT9-4与对照间无显著差异。Bt水稻与亲本对照间锥腹肖蛸、四斑锯螯蛛、食虫沟瘤蛛、拟环纹豹蛛及拟水狼蛛种群数量动态趋势相似,数量上大多无显著差异。综合分析认为,Bt水稻对稻田优势蜘蛛基本上无明显的负影响。

关键词：非靶标害虫优势种 Bt水稻白背飞虱黑尾叶蝉蜘蛛种群动态天敌

Development of Better-Quality Assay Method for the Citric Acid and Sodium Citrate in Ophthalmic/Oral Solutions and Their Application to Deformulation Studies

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第17期5卷 1249-1260页

作者： Kishore Kumar Hotha Tejashkumar Patel swapan Roychowdhury Veerappan Subramanian Novel Laboratories Inc. Somerset NJ USA

There were several techniques determined for the analysis of citrate and citric acid mixtures in the pharmaceutical dosage forms. Titration methods, photometric and ion chromatographic methods were used for their determination. These methods will restrict too many factors where the accurate quantification of citrate and citric acid is extremely challenging. Citric acid is the natural flavor used as a preservative for many pharmaceutical applications. Deformulation techniques used for the manufacturing of generic drugs require authentic data for their regulatory submissions. Simple accurate and reproducible validated method developed for the determination of citric acid and sodium citrate by titration followed by HPLC analysis. Free citric acid was determined by the titration method and total citric acid was determined by HPLC analysis. After subtracting the free citric acid from total citric acid content, citric acid present in the sodium citrate content was determined. Sodium citrate content was determined by applying sodium correction factor to the subtracted value of the citric acid. The results met all the validation parameters and the method was successfully measured the amount of citric acid and sodium citrate in the marketed ophthalmic/oral solutions.

关键词： Citric Acid Sodium Citrate Ophthalmic Solutions Oral Solutions Titration HPLC

Future directions for using estrogen receptor agonists in the treatment of acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1418-1419页

作者： swapan K. Ray Supriti Samntaray Naren L. Banik Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology University of South Carolina School of Medicine Columbia SC USA Department of Neurosciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center Charleston SC USA

All synthetic and natural estrogen receptor agonists, in- cluding the most potent physiological molecule estrogen or estradiol （E2）, work typically via activation of nuclear estrogen receptor alpha （ERα） and estrogen receptor beta （ERβ）. Both ERα and ERβ modulate the expression of a variety of genes in the cells. Neurons and glial cells express ERa and ERβ. Many studies so far from our and other laboratories have firmly established the mode of actions that ERα and ERβ agonists are very promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents in the treatment of neurodegenera- rive diseases and injuries including spinal cord injury （SCI）（Chakrabarti et al., 2014a）.

关键词： Future directions for using estrogen receptor agonists in the treatment of acute and chronic spinal cord injury SCI

Polymorphism of Renalase Gene in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2012年第4期2卷 136-143页

作者： Ravinder Singh Ahlawat swapan Gupta Seema Kapoor Premashish Kar Department of Medicine Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi India Department of Medicine Nephrology Division Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi India Department of Pediatrics and Molecular Genetics Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi India

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health problem. Early detection and treatment is a key factor for prevention of its complications. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis is a subtype of CKD which has a poor correlation between hypertension and development of nephropathy, implying role of genetic factors or epigenetic factors. The knowledge regarding genetic factors is limited. Renalase is a novel hormone with its gene on chromosome 10, which secretes flavin adenine dinucleotide dependent amine oxidase. Renalase metabolizes circulating catecholamines and modulates blood pressure and cardiac function. Recently, two single nucleotide polymorphisms of renalase gene rs2576178 GG and rs2296545 CC have been linked to essential hypertension. The SNPrs2296545 CC is also shown to be associated with cardiac hypertrophy, dysfunction and ischemia. The association of these two single nucleotide polymorphisms with hypertensive nephrosclerosis has not been investigated. Methods: We designed a case-control study to investigate whether the two known renalase gene polymorphisms rs2576178 and rs2296545 are associated with CKD particularly hypertensive nephrosclerosis. We genotyped these two polymorphisms in 287 subjects from North Indian population (106 CKD cases and 181 controls). Results: Comparison shows that subjects with hypertensive nephrosclerosis had higher frequencies of rs2296545 Callele than the healthy controls (0.63 versus 0.47, p 0.02). The odds ratio for rs2296545 CC genotype in hypertensive nephrosclerosis were 2.55 (95% CI, 1.03 to 6.42;p = 0.02) (CC versus GG) and 2.11(95% CI, 1.01 to 4.42;p = 0.03) (CC versus CG + GG) compared to controls. Conclusion: These findings may provide novel insight into the role of additional genomic regions as susceptibility gene in the pathophysiology of hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Further, to account for geoethnic variation, studies on heterogeneous populations involving a larger sample size are required. The co

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Hypertension Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis Renalase Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

A Mathematical Model for Magnetohydrodynamic Convection Flow in a Rotating Horizontal Channel with Inclined Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction and Hall Current Effects

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World Journal of Mechanics 2011年第3期1卷 137-154页

作者： swapan Kumar Ghosh Osman Anwar Bég Abdul Aziz 不详

Closed-form and asymptotic solutions are derived for the steady, fully-developed hydromagnetic free and forced convection flow in a rotating horizontal parallel-plate channel under the action of an inclined magnetic field and constant pressure gradient along the longitudinal axis of the channel. The magnetic field is strong enough to generate Hall current effects and the magnetic Reynolds number of sufficient magnitude that induced magnetic field effects are also present. Secondary flow is present owing to the Hall current effect. The channel plates are also taken to be electrically-conducting. The conservation equations are formulated in an (x, y, z) coordinate system and non-dimensionalized using appropriate transformations. The resulting non-dimensional coupled ordinary differential equations for primary and secondary velocity components and primary and secondary induced magnetic field components and transformed boundary conditions are shown to be controlled by the dimensionless pressure gradient parameter (px), Hartmann number (M2), Grashof number (G), Hall current parameter (m), rotational parameter (K2), magnetic field inclination (Θ), and the electrical conductance ratios of the upper (⏱) and lower (⏲) plates. Solutions are derived using the method of complex variables. Asymptotic solutions are also presented for very high rotation parameter and Hartmann number of order equal to unity, for which Ekman-Hartmann boundary layers are identified at the plates. A parametric study of the evolution of velocity and induced magnetic field distributions is undertaken. It is shown that generally increasing Hall current effect (m) serves to accentuate the secondary (cross) flow but oppose the primary flow. An increase in rotational parameter (K2) is also found to counteract primary flow intensity. An elevation in the Grashof number i.e. free convection parameter (G) is shown to aid the secondary induced magnetic field component (Hz);however there is a decrea

关键词： Hydromagnetic Flow Hall Current Electrical Conductance Free And Forced Convection Critical Grashof Number Rotation Complex Variables Asymptotic Analysis Ekman-Hartmann Boundary Layers Astronautics

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2018年第4期8卷 89-116页

作者： Asim Pal Injamam Ul Karim Banibrata Mondal swapan Raha Department of Mathematics Institute of Sciences Visva-Bharati University Santiniketan India

In this paper, an attempt is made to prove that some similarity based fuzzy systems can be found to behave as function approximators. A typical similarity based fuzzy system is proposed and its behaviour is shown to have the said property. It elucidates the connection between similarity relation and similarity measure of fuzzy sets to fuzzy inference methodology. The concept of similarity relation is used in fuzzification of crisp input values. Similarity index is used in measuring approximate equality of fuzzy sets over a given universe of discourse of a linguistic variable. The similarity between the observation(s) and the antecedent of a rule is used in selecting rule(s) for possible firing and also in modifying the relation between the antecedent and consequent of the rule based on the specific observation. Inference is drawn through the usual composition and subsequently by projecting the modified fuzzy restriction acting on the variables of interest on the universe of the linguistic variable in the consequent of the rule. A specificity based defuzzification scheme is proposed for multiple-rule firing. It has been proved systematically that such a similarity based fuzzy system can uniformly approximate continuous functions to any desired degree of accuracy on a closed and bounded interval. Simulation results are presented for the well-known dc-motor problem. A comparative study is made to establish the validity and efficiency of the proposed similarity based fuzzy system.

关键词： Fuzzification Defuzzification Approximate Reasoning Similarity Relation Similarity Index Universal Approximator

转cry1 Ab/cry1 Ac基因籼稻对稻田节肢动物群落影响

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昆虫学报 2003年第4期46卷 454-465页

作者：刘志诚叶恭银胡萃 swapan K.DATTA 浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所杭州310029 国际水稻研究所

将稻田节肢动物群落按营养关系划分为 5个功能团 ,即植食类、寄生类、捕食类、腐食类和其它类 ,从功能团优势度、功能团内科组成及其优势度、群落主要参数及群落相异性等方面 ,经两年四点的调查就 2个转cry1Ab cry1Ac基因籼稻(Bt水稻 )... 详细信息

将稻田节肢动物群落按营养关系划分为 5个功能团 ,即植食类、寄生类、捕食类、腐食类和其它类 ,从功能团优势度、功能团内科组成及其优势度、群落主要参数及群落相异性等方面 ,经两年四点的调查就 2个转cry1Ab cry1Ac基因籼稻(Bt水稻 )品系TT9 3和TT9 4对稻田节肢动物群落的影响作了较系统评价。植食类、寄生类和腐食类功能团内某些优势科的优势度在Bt水稻田与对照 (IR72 )田之间有时呈显著或极显著差异 ,如Bt水稻田中茧蜂或姬蜂科的优势度有时明显低于对照。但是 ,在大多情况下Bt水稻田与对照田之间功能团优势度、功能团内科组成及其优势度、群落主要参数 (物种丰富度、Shannon Wiener多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势集中性指数 )及其时间动态基本无明显差异 ;Bt水稻田与对照田间植食类、寄生类、捕食类亚群落和整个节肢动物群落的相异性大多较低。可见。

关键词： Bt水稻 cry1 Ab/cry1 Ac基因节肢动物功能团群落

IMPORTANCE OF THE RESIDENTIAL FRONT YARD FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY:COMPARING SENSE OF COMMUNITY LEVELS IN SEMI-PRIVATE-PUBLIC OPEN SPACES

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Journal of Green Building 2019年第2期14卷 177-202页

作者： Abu Yousuf swapan Joo Hwa Bay Dora Marinova Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute Curtin UniversityBuilding 209BentleyPerthWA 6102Australia School of Design and the Built Environment Curtin UniversityBentleyPerthWA 6102Australia

Sustainable design is emerging as an increasingly important concern for the global urban *** sustainable design is associated with economic,ecological and social aspects with the importance of the physical environment often ignored,particularly in the social ***,the physical and social dimensions should be inseparable in the sustainable development ***,urban designers are emphasizing the link between physical design and sense of community in public open spaces,but there is limited research on the importance of residential streets and associated semi-open public spaces,such as verges,and private spaces,like the front *** the case study method,including observation and a survey in the suburb of Subiaco in Perth,Western Australia,this article explores the significance of residential streets and the space typology of front yards in comparison to other outdoor open space *** analysis of the front yard’s contribution to the street and community can inform designers,developers,planners,policy makers and residents to achieve a more attractive inner city living environment.

关键词： outdoor open space front yard community building quality of life built form typology sustainability physical accessibility visual accessibility interaction communication

Mathematical Modelling of Mass Transfer and Free Convection Current Effects on Unsteady Viscous Flow with Ramped Wall Temperature

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World Journal of Mechanics 2011年第4期1卷 176-184页

作者： Marneni Narahari Osman Anwar Bég swapan Kumar Ghosh 不详

An exact analysis of the flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past an infinite vertical plate is conducted taking into account the presence of foreign mass or constant mass flux and ramped wall temperature. The dimensionless governing coupled linear partial differential equations are solved using the Laplace transform technique. Two different solutions for the fluid velocity are obtained–one valid for the fluids of Schmidt numbers different from unity, and the other for which the Schmidt number is unity. The effects of Prandtl number (Pr), Schmidt number (Sc), time (t) and mass to thermal buoyancy ratio parameter (N) for both aiding and opposing buoyancy effects on the velocity and skin-friction are studied. Also, the heat and mass transfer effects on the flow near a ramped temperature plate have been compared with the flow near a plate with constant temperature.

关键词： Natural Convection Vertical Plate Ramped Wall Temperature Heat and Mass Transfer