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Expression of Mitochondrial Gene Fragments within the Tapetum Induce Male Sterility by Limiting the Biogenesis of the Respiratory Machinery in Transgenic Tobacco

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第2期54卷 115-129页

作者： Felix Shaya svetlana gaiduk Ido Keren Sofia Shevtsov Hanita Zemah Eduard Belausov Dalia Evenor Moshe Reuveni Oren Ostersetzer-Biran Institute of Plant Sciences Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) Volcani CenterBet Dagan 50250 Israel Department of Plant Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot 76100 Israel Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology The University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009 Australia

Plant mitochondrial genomes （mtDNAs） are large and undergo frequent recombination events. A common phenotype that emerges as a consequence of altered mtDNA structure is cytoplasmic-male sterility （CMS）. The molecular basis for CMS remains unclear, but it seems logical that altered respiration activities would result in reduced pollen production. Analysis of tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum） mtDNAs indicated that CMS-associated loci often contain fragments of known organellar genes. These may assemble with organellar complexes and thereby interfere with normal respiratory functions. Here, we analyzed whether the expression of truncated fragments of mitochondrial genes （i.e. atp4, cox1 and rps3） may induce male sterility by limiting the biogenesis of the respiratory machinery, cDNA fragments corresponding to atp4f, coxlfand rps3f were cloned in-frame to a mitochondrial localization signal and a C-termini HA-tag under a tapetum-specific promoter and introduced to tobacco plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The constructs were then analyzed for their effect on mitochondrial activity and pollen fertility. Atp4f, Coxlf and Rps3f plants demonstrated male sterility phenotypes, which were tightly correlated with the expression of the recombinant fragments in the floral meristem. Fractionation of native organellar extracts showed that the recombinant ATP4f-HA, COXlf-HA and RPS3f-HA proteins are found in large membrane-associated particles. Analysis of the respiratory activities and protein profiles indicated that organellar complex I was altered in Atp4f, Coxlfand Rps3f plants.

关键词： CMS ORF-fragments Complex-I mitochondria tobacco

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Can We Change a Look at Atherosclerotic Aortic Aneurism Treatment?

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Health 2014年第12期6卷 1345-1351页

作者： Vladimir Petrovich Krylov Аlexander Gennadyevich Mrochek Leonid Petrovich Titov Valentina Nikolaevna gaiduk Leonid Ivanovich Reut Аleksey Leonidovich Smaliakou Republican Scientific and Practical Centre “Cardiology” Ministry of Health of Belarus Minsk Belarus Republican Scientific and Practical Centre “Cardiology” Ministry of Health of Belarus Minsk Belarus Republican Scientific and Practical Centre “Epidemiology and Microbiology” Ministry of Health of Belarus Minsk Belarus

In recent years, the increasing number of cardiologists and cardiac surgeons tend to think that surgical treatment of patients with atherosclerotic aneurisms does not fully comply with contemporary ideas of what the disease is. Some data show that early operations in the presence of this pathology are associated with an unreasonably high mortality. Additionally, the use of intra-aortic stents and grafts cannot principally affect the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, more attention is paid to the development of conservative therapeutic approaches leaving surgery defeated without surgical treatment. Two groups of patients with similar descending thoracic aortic atherosclerotic aneurisms (DTAAA) and abdominal aortic aneurisms (AAA) were retro- and prospectively studied over a 2-year period. Control group (Comparison group), (63 patients) received common surgical treatment from 2009 to 2010 whereas Main group (121 subjects) received multifaceted medical treatment to remove inflammatory reactions, strengthen aortic wall and control its dilation from 2011 to 2012. Operative treatment was used only in case of potential aneurism rupture. The comparison of the two groups of subjects showed that 2-year all-cause mortality in control group was 20.6% while in the main group it amounted to 9.1% due to the similar incidence of aneurism ruptures and deaths associated with concomitant diseases. It suggests that the odds ratio (OR) of survival when using attenuated therapeutic approach to treating atherosclerotic aneurisms is 2.6-fold higher compared to conventional surgical approach. One of the principal factors contributing to a higher mortality when using traditional surgical approach was the presence of polyorgan pathology that required constant medical correction irrespective of therapeutic option (surgical or medical) used. Another important factor is aortic aneurism wall frailty. The development of mechanisms that would allow its strengthening is considered a principal challen

关键词： Atherosclerotic Aortic Aneurisms Surgical and Conservative Treatment

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Atherosclerotic Descending Aortic Aneurysms. Pros and Cons of Surgery

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2015年第9期5卷 91-101页

作者： Vladimir Petrovich Krylov Leonid Petrovich Titov Valentina Nikolaevna gaiduk Leonid Ivanovich Reut Аleksey Leonidovich Smaliakou Nadezhda Vladimirovna Mankevich Republican Scientific and Practical Centre “Cardiology” Ministry of Health of Belarus Minsk Belarus Republican Scientific and Practical Centre “Epidemiology and Microbiology” Ministry of Health of Belarus Minsk Belarus

Within the last few years, there has been a strong trend to rethink the issue of management of atherosclerotic descending thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). When etiopathogenetic associations among changes observed during the progression of the disease were not fully described, surgeons had successfully applied, although traumatic, but a rather radical method to rescue from the rupture threat. As we gained experience and knowledge about long-term outcomes, mostly concerned mortality, we realized that surgery could not be the main tactical approach to AAAs treatment due to its frequent inefficiency and failure to guarantee that the disease would be suppressed including co-morbidities, polymorphic processes and clinical manifestations. It all required more sparing treatment strategies. The situation gave rise to a more argumentative and sparing medical-and-surgical approach to treatment based on a more in-depth understanding of the etiopathogenesis of the disease whereas surgery would remain of prime importance when appropriate. The following has been developed to improve treatment outcomes for AAA: 1) Multifactorial determination of indications for surgical correction with outlining the area of relative and absolute risk of aneurysm rupture;2) Method of conservative treatment aimed to attain and maintain optimal blood pressure, target levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins, as well as reduce oxidative and inflammatory processes in aorta, strengthen its wall, stabilize the disease and control co-morbidities. A four-year follow-up of patients using this developed technology has yielded more preferred results suggesting the need for narrowing indications for surgery to treat AAAs. Another advantage of the sparing approach to treat AAA is economic, due to fewer operations and implantations of stent-grafts, considering the fact that medical treatment should be used in operated subjects, too.

关键词： Aneurysms Descending Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta Indications for Surgery Surgical Conservative Treatment

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Sparing Treatment of Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

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Health 2018年第4期10卷 458-466页

作者： V. P. Krylov D. E. Shevtsov G. A. Popel A. S. Zhigalkovich V. N. gaiduk L. I. Reut A. L. Smolyakov L. G. Shestakova N. V. Mankevich Belarusian Association of Physicians Republican Research and Practical Centre “Cardiology” Minsk Belarus

A comparison of results of sparing treatment obtained at 2, 4 and 6 years of follow-up in subjects with descending aortic atherosclerotic aneurysms (DAAs), and during the period between 1.5 and 8.9 years in subjects with dissecting thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (DTAAs) has been made. All subjects received conservative treatment to maintain optimal levels of BP, cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, as well as to reduce oxidative and inflammatory processes in aorta, strengthen aortic walls and stabilize the course of the disease. Rapid negative changes (diameter increased by more than 5 mm within a 6-month period) and the absence of contraindications for surgery prompted us to perform open or endovascular aortic repair. Available data suggest that both DAAs and TAAs are comorbidities, which at any time can abruptly terminate patient’s life, and operative treatment guarantees no safety from ruptures. When using sparing treatment of DAA, survival rates were 90.1% at 2 years, 76.8% at 4 years, and 59.4% at 6 years, with uniform survival increment mainly due to comorbidity. Survival rate seen in TAA group (81.8%) was more acceptable due to a younger age of patients.

关键词： Atherosclerotic and Dissecting Aneurysms Inflammation Surgical and Medical Treatment Long-Term Results

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