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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 73-81页

作者： Barbara Wohlfarth svante bjoerck Svend Funder Michael Houmark-Nielsen Olafurlngolfsson Juha-Pekka Lunkka Jan Mangerud Matti Saarnisto Tore Vorren Department of Geology and Geochemistry Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden. GeoBiosphere Science Centre Quaternary Sciences Soelvegatan 12 SE-223 62 Lund Sweden. Geological Museum University of Copenhagen Фster Voldgade 5-7 DK-1350 Copenhagen K Denmark. Institute of Geography and Geology University of Copenhagen Фstervoldgade 10 Dk-1350 KФbenhavn K Denmark. Department of Geology University of Iceland Askja ls-101 Reykjavfk Iceland. Institute of Geosciences P.O. Box 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland. Department of Earth Science and the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research University of Bergen Allegatan 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway. Finnish Academy of Science and Letters Mariankatu 5 FI-00170 Helsinki Finland. Department of Geology University of TromsФ Dramsveien 201 N-9037 TromsФ Norway.

The Nordic countries have experienced multiple glaciations and intervening interglacials during the last ca. 2.5-3 million years. Although evidence from Greenland and Iceland shows that ice sheets started to expand some time before 3 Ma, little is known about the glaciations and intervening interglacials older than the last Glacial Maximum due to repeated phases of glacial erosion and reworking. The extensive Saalian glaciation （c. 140 ka BP） contributed to high sea levels in Greenland and in the Baltic area during the early part of the last interglacial （Eemian）. Temperatures were about 5 ℃ higher during the Eemian than they are today and the Greenland ice sheet was reduced to about half of its present size, causing globally higher sea levels than we have today. Ice extent in Fennoscandia was restricted during early Weichselian stadials, but middle Weichselian ice advances in Scandinavia reached as far as Denmark. During the Last Glacial Maximum, large ice sheets were present in all Nordic countries and coalesced with neighboring ice sheets. Deglaciation commenced around 17-15 ka BP in most areas and was promoted by rapidly rising global sea level and glacial isostasy. The Younger Dryas cold event（c. 12.6-11.5 ka BP） is seen as a short-term re-advance, still-stand or fluctuation of land-based ice sheet margins. Around 7-9 ka BP ice sheets had disappeared or had attained their present size. While uplift is still going on in some regions, others are subject to submergence. The different stages of development of the Baltic Sea are an example of how the intricare interplay between glacial eustasy and isostasy influences sedimentation, basin size and drainage patterns.

关键词：冰川时代北欧地区第四纪间冰期

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