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Exposure of juvenile Chinook salmon to effluent from a large urban wastewater treatment *** *** responses

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 355-366页

作者： suzanne C.Ball James p.Meador C.Andrew James Jenifer K.McIntyre Washington State University School of the EnvironmentPuyallup Research and Extension Center2606 W Pioneer AvePuyallupWA98371USA Dept.of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public Health4225 Roosevelt Way NESuite 100SeattleWA98105-6099USA University of Washington Tacoma Center for Urban Waters326 East D StreetTacomaWA98421-1801USA

Wastewater treatment plants release complex mixtures of chemicals into the aquatic environment as wastewater effluent(WWE);however,the effects of these mixtures are still poorly *** salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)are a culturally important species in the pacific Northwest and are a vital food resource for southern resident killer whales(Orcinus orca)that are listed as‘critically endangered’under the *** Species Act(ESA).Chinook populations have declined drastically in this region and have failed to show significant recovery despite regional-to-federal efforts,resulting in many populations being listed as threatened under the *** source of stress to juvenile Chinook is chemical pollution from WWE during their outmigration along river corridors and residency in *** this study,we investigated effects of WWE on juvenile Chinook health in a ten-day exposure to dilutions of WWE from 0.1%to 20%.At the end of the exposure,we measured endpoints associated with endocrine disruption,brain function,osmoregulation,stress,and *** to WWE significantly(α=0.1 for all analyses)induced vitellogenesis,indicating endocrine system *** saw significant reductions in plasma glucose,an indication of stress,and brain Na+/K+-ATpase(NKA)activity,an enzyme essential for neuronal ***,metabolism was affected as evidenced by altered total protein,cholesterol,and albumin in plasma,a drastic decrease in whole body lipid content,and a significant increase in visible liver *** compared contaminant concentrations in exposure water with effects concentrations from the literature for chemicals known to induce vitellogenin or inhibit brain *** most contaminants,concentrations in exposure waters were several orders of magnitude below effects concentrations in the *** exception was estrogenic hormones,which were detected at similar concentrations in this study compared to concentrations in other studies tha

关键词： Wastewater effluent Chinook salmon Toxicity Sodium potassium ATpase Vitellogenin physiology Metabolism Glucose

移动电话在车祸致伤住院事件中的作用——病例-交叉研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第6期8卷 382-383页

作者： suzanne p mcevoy Mark R Stevenson Anne T McCartt Mark Woodward Claire Haworth peter palamara Rina Cercarelli 吕小东

目的：驾驶员使用移动电话对道路安全的影响。研究设计：病例-交叉研究。地点：澳大利亚西部城市珀斯(perth)。参加者：年龄大于17岁的拥有或者使用移动电话的456名驾驶员，均在2002年4月至2004年7月因车祸致伤而住院治疗。主要检测指... 详细信息

目的：驾驶员使用移动电话对道路安全的影响。研究设计：病例-交叉研究。地点：澳大利亚西部城市珀斯(perth)。参加者：年龄大于17岁的拥有或者使用移动电话的456名驾驶员，均在2002年4月至2004年7月因车祸致伤而住院治疗。主要检测指标：驾驶员在车祸发生时使用移动电话情况及其在车祸前一周相同时段开车时移动电话使用情况。采用在医院与驾驶员面谈以及从电话公司查询其电话使用记录的方式。结果：车祸发生前使用移动电话超过10分钟时，车祸的发生率增加4倍(比值比OR为4.1，95%可信区间为2.2～7.7，ppp＝0.003)。增加的风险与性别和年龄无关(男性与女性相似，≥30岁和<30岁相同)。据查，撞车前及前一周开车时所打电话中，有1/3(n＝21)使用的是移动电话。结论：驾驶员使用移动电话增加车祸致伤的风险。使用免持电话并不会更加安全。

关键词：移动电话病例住院致伤车祸道路安全驾驶员

Enhanced entropy generation and heat transfer characteristics of magnetic nano-encapsulated phase change materials in latent heat thermal energy storage systems

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1051-1070页

作者： p.S.REDDY p.SREEDEVI Department of Mathematics Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyal 518501India

The objective of the current study is to investigate the importance of entropy generation and thermal radiation on the patterns of velocity,isentropic lines,and temperature contours within a thermal energy storage device filled with magnetic nanoencapsulated phase change materials(NEpCMs).The versatile finite element method(FEM)is implemented to numerically solve the governing *** effects of various parameters,including the viscosity parameter,ranging from 1 to 3,the thermal conductivity parameter,ranging from 1 to 3,the Rayleigh parameter,ranging from 102 to 3×10^(2),the radiation number,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,the fusion temperature,ranging from 1.0 to 1.2,the volume fraction of NEpCMs,ranging from 2%to 6%,the Stefan number,ranging from 1 to 5,the magnetic number,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,and the irreversibility parameter,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,are examined in detail on the temperature contours,isentropic lines,heat capacity ratio,and velocity ***,the heat transfer rates at both the cold and hot walls are analyzed,and the findings are presented *** results indicate that the time taken by the NEpCMs to transition from solid to liquid is prolonged inside the chamber region as the fusion temperatureθf ***,the contours of the heat capacity ratio Cr decrease with the increase in the Stefan number Ste.

关键词： volume fraction of nano-encapsulated phase change material(NEpCM) radiation Stefan number heat capacity ratio entropy generation

A Hybrid Optimization Approach of Single point Incremental Sheet Forming of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Using Grey Relation Analysis Coupled with principal Component Analysiss

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 160-166页

作者： A Visagan p Ganesh Department of production Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyChennai-600044India

We investigated the parametric optimization on incremental sheet forming of stainless steel using Grey Relational Analysis(GRA) coupled with principal Component Analysis(pCA). AISI 316L stainless steel sheets were used to develop double wall angle pyramid with aid of tungsten carbide tool. GRA coupled with pCA was used to plan the experiment conditions. Control factors such as Tool Diameter(TD), Step Depth(SD), Bottom Wall Angle(BWA), Feed Rate(FR) and Spindle Speed(SS) on Top Wall Angle(TWA) and Top Wall Angle Surface Roughness(TWASR) have been studied. Wall angle increases with increasing tool diameter due to large contact area between tool and workpiece. As the step depth, feed rate and spindle speed increase,TWASR decreases with increasing tool diameter. As the step depth increasing, the hydrostatic stress is raised causing severe cracks in the deformed surface. Hence it was concluded that the proposed hybrid method was suitable for optimizing the factors and response.

关键词： single point incremental forming AISI 316L taguchi grey relation analysis principal component analysis surface roughness scanning electron microscopy

Cryogenic and conventional milling of AZ91 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2503-2519页

作者： Vikas Marakini Srinivasa pai p Gururaj Bolar Bhaskara p Achar Department of Mechanical Engineering Nitte(Deemed to be University)NMAM Institute of Technology(NMAMIT)Nitte 574110India Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India

Use of magnesium is the need of the hour due to its low density as well as its high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratio *** study focuses on the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic machining on the surface integrity(SI)characteristics of AZ91 magnesium *** milling using uncoated carbide inserts have been performed under liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic condition and compared with conventional(dry)*** are performed using machining parameters in terms of cutting speeds of 325,475,625 m/min,feed rates of 0.05,0.1,0.15 mm/teeth and depth of cuts of 0.5,1,1.5 mm *** significant surface integrity characteristics such as surface roughness,microhardness,microstructure,and residual stresses have been *** of SI characteristics with respect to milling parameters have been identified using statistical technique such as ANOVA and signal-to-noise(S/N)ratio ***,the multi criteria decision making(MCDM)techniques such as additive ratio assessment method(ARAS)and complex proportional assessment(COpRAS)have been utilized to identify the optimal conditions for milling AZ91 magnesium alloy under both dry and cryogenic *** of LN_(2)during machining,resulted in reduction in machining temperature by upto 29%with a temperature drop from 251.2℃under dry condition to 178.5℃in cryogenic *** showed the advantage of performing cryogenic milling in improving the surface integrity to a significant *** machining considerably minimized the roughness by upto 28%and maximised the microhardness by upto 23%,when compared to dry *** speed has caused significant impact on surface roughness(95.33%-dry,92.92%-cryogenic)and surface microhardness(80.33%-dry,82.15%-cryogenic).Due to the reduction in machining temperature,cryogenic condition resulted in compressive residual stresses(maximumσ║=-113 Mpa)on the alloy *** indicate no

关键词： Magnesium alloy Cryogenic machining Roughness Microhardness Microstructure Residual stress Multi criteria decision making

An Efficient Approach to Escalate the Speed of Training Convolution Neural Networks

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 258-269页

作者： p pabitha Anusha Jayasimhan Department of Computer Technology Anna UniversityMadras Institute of Technology CampusChennai 600044India

Deep neural networks excel at image identification and computer vision applications such as visual product search, facial recognition, medical image analysis, object detection, semantic segmentation,instance segmentation, and many others. In image and video recognition applications, convolutional neural networks(CNNs) are widely employed. These networks provide better performance but at a higher cost of computation. With the advent of big data, the growing scale of datasets has made processing and model training a time-consuming operation, resulting in longer training times. Moreover, these large scale datasets contain redundant data points that have minimum impact on the final outcome of the model. To address these issues, an accelerated CNN system is proposed for speeding up training by eliminating the noncritical data points during training alongwith a model compression method. Furthermore, the identification of the critical input data is performed by aggregating the data points at two levels of granularity which are used for evaluating the impact on the model *** experiments are conducted using the proposed method on CIFAR-10 dataset on ResNet models giving a 40% reduction in number of FLOps with a degradation of just 0.11% accuracy.

关键词： CNN deep learning image classification model compression

On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs pál Department of physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic N-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of *** events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic *** of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto *** are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback *** as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological *** is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network *** events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic *** synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic *** addition,slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory *** note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward *** greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological *** inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural *** inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal *** events are related to epilepsy,but also found in Alzheimer's disease,parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive *** with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,N-methyl-Dasp

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gliotransmission glutamate neural synchronization NMDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

JMCB Symposium 2019:The Legend of p53 ***

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第7期11卷 628-629页

作者： ping Zhang suzanne p.Christen Gareth L.Bond Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford 0X3 7DQUK The Simons Center for Systems Biology Institute for Advanced StudyPrincetonNJ 08540USA

The exciting symposium hosted by Journal of Molecular Cell Biology (JMCB),with the theme 'The Legend of p53 ***',took place in Hangzhou,China on May 10-12,*** symposium provided the opportunity for delegates in the fields of p53 biology,epigenetics,and cancer research to share scientific updates and to bridge the gap between basic scienee and translational *** delegates also enjoyed celebrations ofthe 40th anniversary ofthe discovery of p53,as well as the 50th anniversary ofthe discovery of RNA polymerases.

关键词： symposium JMCB polymerases

Selection of digital fabrication technique in the construction industry--A multi-criteria decision-making approach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 977-997页

作者： M.p.SALAIMANIMAGUDAM J.JAYApRAKASH Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering School of Civil EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Digital fabrication techniques,in recent decades,have provided the basis of a sustainable revolution in the construction ***,selecting the digital fabrication method in terms of manufacturability and functionality requirements is a complex *** paper presents alternatives and criteria for selection of digital fabrication techniques by adopting the multi-criteria decision-making *** alternatives considered in the study are concrete three-dimensional(3D)printing,shotcrete,smart dynamic casting,material intrusion,mesh molding,injection concrete 3D printing,and thin forming *** criteria include formwork utilization,reinforcement incorporation,geometrical complexity,material enhancement,assembly complexity,surface finish,and build *** demonstrates different multi-criteria decision-making techniques,with both subjective and objective weighting *** given ranking is based on the current condition of digital fabrication in the construction *** study reveals that in the selection of digital fabrication techniques,the criteria including reinforcement incorporation,build area,and geometrical complexity play a pivotal role,collectively accounting for nearly 70% of the overall *** the evaluated techniques,concrete 3D printing emerged as the best performer,however the shotcrete and mesh molding techniques in the second and third positions.

关键词： digital fabrication multicriteria decision-making concrete 3D printing