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Complement:a global immunometabolic regulator in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1210-1211页

作者： Martin W.lo John D.Lee School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia

Recently,McDonald et al.(2020)proposed that complement causes a metabolic switch to lipid consumption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS),which raises the possibility of complement as a global immunometabolic *** ALS,neuromuscular degeneration occurs concurrently with complement-mediated inflammation,glucose intolerance,and elevated lipid ***,complement is being increasingly recognized as a metabolic regulator that can induce insulin resistance and alter fuel source ***,the authors propose that chronic complement activation may be driving metabolic reprogramming in ALS,which has broad implications for the field of immunometabolism and would be the first mechanistic explanation of the“lipid switch”in ***,it suggests that complement can drive a global shift in resources during inflammation,in which glucose is redirected from peripheral tissues to immune cells to support their inflammatory actions.

关键词： inflammation metabolism elevated

Quantifying and mapping spatial variability of Shanghai household carbon footprints

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第1期9卷 115-124页

作者： Shangguang YANG Lin LIU Chunlan WANG Kevin lo Mark WANG Institute of Economic Development East China University of Scienceand Technology Shanghai 200237 China School of Social Development East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist University Hong KongChina School of Geography University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia

Understanding the spatial variability of house- hold carbon emissions is necessary for formulating sustainable and low-carbon energy policy. However, data on household carbon emissions is limited in China, the world＇s largest greenhouse gases emitter. This study quantifies and maps household carbon emissions in Shanghai using a city-wide household survey. The findings reveal substantial spatial variability in household carbon emissions, especially in transport-related emissions. low emission clusters are founded in Hongkou, Xuhui, Luwan, Jinshan, and Fengxian. High emission clusters are located in Jiading and Pudong. Overall, the spatial pattern of household carbon emissions in Shanghai is donut-shaped： lowest in the urban core, increasing in the surrounding suburban areas, and declining again in the urban fringe and rural regions. The household emissions are correlated with a number of housing and socioeconomic factors, including car ownership, type of dwelling, size of dwelling, age of dwelling, and income. The findings underscore the importance of a localized approach to low-carbon policy- making and implementation.

关键词： household carbon emissions spatial variabil-ity energy policy Shanghai China

Tau in the pancreas:understanding the link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 6-7页

作者： Wenlu Li Steffen Tiedt Eng H.lo Neuroprotection Research Laboratories Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA02129USA Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l’AVC(CIRCA) BostonUSA Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research LMU University HospitalLMU MunichMunichGermany

A recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry proposes a cellular mechanism that may contribute to decreased insulin production in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).1 Using a combination of cell culture experiments,animal models and studies in T2DM patients,the authors show that an up-regulation of tau inβ-islet cells can inhibit pancreatic insulin secretion through changes in microtubule assembly.

关键词： T2DM Alzheimer tau

Combining material characterization with single and multi-oxyanion adsorption for mechanistic study of chromate removal by cationic hydrogel

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期23卷 1004-1010页

作者： Irene M.C.lo Samuel C.N.Tang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Cationic hydrogel with magnetic property was synthesized via radical polymerization and its removal capacity of chromate from contaminated water was found to be 200 mg/*** Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） study,the mechanism of chromate removal by hydrogel was found to be non-specific adsorption,mainly due to ion exchange,as evidenced by the positively charged functional group,trimethyl ammonium-N＋（CH3）3,in the *** were accordingly determined by testing di？erent oxyanion adsorption onto the *** results of the chromate adsorption experiments illustrated that the amount of chromate adsorbed was nearly equal to that of the chloride released from the hydrogel,which is part of the evidence for ion *** and multi-oxyanion adsorption experiments were also performed,and it was demonstrated that ion removal was species independent,but charge dependent,another characteristic of the ion exchange *** was found that the same Langmuir model can be applied to best fit the findings of single and multi-oxyanion adsorption,which further indicates the mechanism of chromate removal is attributed to ion *** view of the above,the background anions compete for adsorption sites with chromate,evidenced by inhibitive chromate removal in the presence of background electrolytes in the batch studies,further echoing the ion exchange mechanism.

关键词： adsorption magnetic hydrogel mechanism ion exchange oxyanion

An update on the histological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2019年第11期5卷 17-23页

作者： Regina Cheuk-Lam lo Department of Pathology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the top-ranking cancers worldwide and in Southeast *** high propensity for tumor recurrence,distant metastasis and chemoresistance remain major hurdles in the treatment of *** advances on genetics and genomics research,molecular targeted therapies are emerging as a hope for better disease *** the histological perspective,microscopic review of clinical samples has led to subclassification of HCC and establishment of new *** this review,latest understanding on macrotrabecular-massive HCC,steatohepatitic HCC,lymphocyte-rich HCC,scirrhous HCC,fibrolamellar carcinoma and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma will be discussed,emphasizing on the clinical relevance of these pathological *** delineation of the histological,immunohistochemical,molecular and biological phenotypes of primary liver cancer would to further enhance an integrated morphological-molecular classification that better predicts clinical outcome and guides clinical management.

关键词： Liver cancer subtype histology

Heterogeneity and non-linearity of ecosystem responses to climate change in the Qilian Mountains National Park, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第5期15卷 508-522页

作者： GAO Xiang WEN Ruiyang Kevin lo LI Jie YAN An College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Ecosystem responses to climate change,particularly in arid environments,is an understudied *** study conducted a spatial analysis of ecosystem responses to short-term variability in temperature,precipitation,and solar radiation in the Qilian Mountains National Park,an arid mountainous region in Northwest *** collected precipitation and temperature data from the National Science and Technology Infrastructure Platform,solar radiation data from the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset,and vegetation cover remote-sensing data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging *** used the vegetation sensitivity index to identify areas sensitive to climate change and to determine which climatic factors were significant in this *** findings revealed a high degree of heterogeneity and non-linearity of ecosystem responses to climate *** types of heterogeneity were identified:longitude,altitude,ecosystem,and climate ***,the characteristics of nonlinear ecosystem responses to climate change included:(1)inconsistency in the controlling climatic factors for the same ecosystems in different geographical settings;(2)the interaction between different climatic factors results in varying weights that affect ecosystem stability and makes them difficult to determine;and(3)the hysteresis effect of vegetation increases the uncertainty of ecosystem responses to climate *** findings are significant because they highlight the complexity of ecosystem responses to climate ***,the identification of areas that are particularly sensitive to climate change and the influencing factors has important implications for predicting and managing the impacts of climate change on ecosystems,which can help protect the stability of ecosystems in the Qilian Mountains National Park.

关键词： ecosystem resistance ecosystem stability climate change vegetation sensitivity index(VSI) Qilian Mountains National Park

Features of selected benchmark soils along an elevational transect of the northeastern part of the Moldavian Plateau (Romania)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第4期6卷 325-330页

作者： Geanina Bireescu Carmelo Dazzi Giuseppe lo Papa Institute of Biological Research Department of Experimental and Applied BiologyIasiRomania Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Forestali Universitàdegli Studi di PalermoItaly

Soil morphological, physical and chemical properties are described at four locations along an elevational transect in the northeastern part of the Moldavian Plateau (Romania). These data contribute to the knowledge of the soils of this area and to their classification according to the USDA-Soil Taxonomy, FAOWRB and the SRTS-Romanian System. The soils were classified as Inceptisols, Alfisols and Mollisols, according to the USDA-Soil Taxonomy;Gleysol, Chernozem and Luvisol, according to the FAO-WRB and Gleiosol, Cernoziom, Preluvosol, Luvosol, according to the SRTS-Romanian System. The selected soils have a range of properties that represent the soilscape of the Moldavian subcarpathian plateau, characterised by a natural forest with oak as the dominant species. The selected soil parameters decreased with increasing elevation;calcium carbonate and clay leaching and accumulation are the main soil formation processes.

关键词： Inceptisols Alfisols Mollisols Climosequence Moldavian Plateau

Seminal biomarkers for the evaluation of male infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 426-433,I0009页

作者： Jared M Bieniek Andrei P Drabovich Kirk C lo Department of Urology Hartford Hospital Hartford CT USA Department of Clinical Biochemistry University Health Network Toronto ON Canada Department ofLaboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department of Surgery Division of Urology Mount Sinai Hospital Toronto ONCanada.

For men struggling to conceive with their partners, diagnostic tools are limited and often consist of only a standard semen analysis. This baseline test serves as a crude estimation of male fertility, leaving patients and clinicians in need of additional diagnostic biomarkers. Seminal fluid contains the highest concentration of molecules from the male reproductive glands, therefore, this review focuses on current and novel seminal biomarkers in certain male infertility scenarios, including natural fertility, differentiating azoospermia etiologies, and predicting assisted reproductive technique success. Currently available tests include antisperm antibody assays, DNA fragmentation index, sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization, and other historical sperm functional tests. The poor diagnostic ability of current assays has led to continued efforts to find more predictive biomarkers. Emerging research in the fields of genomics, epigenetics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics holds promise for the development of novel male infertility biomarkers. Seminal protein-based assays of TEXI01, ECM 1, and ACRV1 are already available or under final development for clinical use. Additional panels of DNA, RNA, proteins, or metabolites are being explored as we attempt to understand the pathophysiologic processes of male infertility. Future ventures will need to continue data integration and validation for the development of clinically useful infertility biomarkers to aid in male infertility diagnosis, treatment, and counseling.

关键词： assisted reproductive techniques diagnosis male infertility, semen

The regulatory pathways leading to stem-like cells underlie prostate cancer progression

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第3期21卷 233-240页

作者： Chun-Jung Lin U-Ging lo Jer-Tsong Hsieh Department of Urology UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cause of malignancy in males and the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. The standard care for primary PCa with local invasive disease mainly is surgery and radiation. For patients with distant metastases, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a gold standard. Regardless of a favorable outcome of ADT, patients inevitably relapse to an end-stage castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) leading to mortality. Therefore, revealing the mechanism and identifying cellular components driving aggressive PCa is critical for prognosis and therapeutic intervention. Cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes characterized as poor differentiation, cancer initiation with self-renewal capabilities, and therapeutic resistance are proposed to contribute to the onset of CRPC. In this review, we discuss the role of CSC in CRPC with the evidence of CSC phenotypes and the possible underlying mechanisms.

关键词： cancer stem cell castration-resistant prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation transdifferentiation