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Recovery rates of combination antibiotic therapy using in vitro microdialysis simulating in vivo conditions

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 407-412页

作者： Jayesh A.Dhanani suzanne l.parker Jeffrey lipman Steven C.Wallis Jeremy Cohen John Fraser Adrian Barnett Michelle Chew Jason A.Roberts Burns Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre The University of Queensland UQ Centre for Clinical Research Department of Intensive Care Medicine Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology Critical Care Research Group The University of Queensland Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation & School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and Department of Medical and Health Sciences Link?ping University School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland Department of Pharmacy Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital

Microdialysis is a technique used to measure the unbound antibiotic concentration in the interstitial spaces, the target site of action. In vitro recovery studies are essential to calibrating the microdialysis system for in vivo studies. The effect of a combination of antibiotics on recovery into microdialysate requires investigation. In vitro microdialysis recovery studies were conducted on a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin, in a simulated in vivo model. Comparison was made between recoveries for three different concentrations and three different perfusate flow rates. The overall relative recovery for vancomycin was lower than that of tobramycin. For tobramycin, a concentration of 20μg/ml and flow rate of 1.0μl/min had the best recovery. A concentration of 5.0μg/ml and flow rate of 1.0μl/min yielded maximal recovery for vancomycin. large molecular size and higher protein binding resulted in lower relative recoveries for vancomycin. Perfusate flow rates and drug concentrations affected the relative recovery when a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin was tested. low perfusate flow rates were associated with higher recovery rates. For combination antibiotic measurement which includes agents that are highly protein bound, in vitro studies performed prior to in vivo studies may ensure the reliable measurement of unbound concentrations.

关键词： Microdialysis Combination antibiotic therapy Relative recovery rate Pharmacokinetics Anti-infectives Protein binding

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JMCB Symposium 2019:The legend of p53 ***

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第7期11卷 628-629页

作者： Ping Zhang suzanne P.Christen Gareth l.Bond ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford 0X3 7DQUK The Simons Center for Systems Biology Institute for Advanced StudyPrincetonNJ 08540USA

The exciting symposium hosted by Journal of Molecular Cell Biology (JMCB),with the theme 'The legend of p53 ***',took place in Hangzhou,China on May 10-12,*** symposium provided the opportunity for delegates in the fields of p53 biology,epigenetics,and cancer research to share scientific updates and to bridge the gap between basic scienee and translational *** delegates also enjoyed celebrations ofthe 40th anniversary ofthe discovery of p53,as well as the 50th anniversary ofthe discovery of RNA polymerases.

关键词： symposium JMCB polymerases

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妇幼卫生合作项目中的应用科研

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中国妇幼保健 1991年第4期 35-36页

作者： Robert l.parker 刘运国联合国儿童基金会驻华代表处

应用科研是《加强中国基层妇幼卫生·计划生育服务》合作项目中的一个重要组成部分。包括研究在内的项目活动,已为中国政府、联合国儿童基金会、联合国人口基金和世界卫生组织共同认可。对国际组织来说,在同中国的合作中,与执行项目密... 详细信息

应用科研是《加强中国基层妇幼卫生·计划生育服务》合作项目中的一个重要组成部分。包括研究在内的项目活动,已为中国政府、联合国儿童基金会、联合国人口基金和世界卫生组织共同认可。对国际组织来说,在同中国的合作中,与执行项目密切相关的应用科研占有较高的优先地位。在本项目中,应用科研就是探索如何利用现有的医学与保健知识,改善个体与群体的生存与健康状况。联合国儿童基金会执行主任格兰特先生曾指出:“或许和更多的医学新发现同样重要但却紧迫

关键词：妇幼卫生个人卫生中华人民共和国联合国儿童基金会

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Strong laws of large Numbers for Double Sums of Banach Space Valued Random Elements

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第5期35卷 583-596页

作者： Robert parker Andrew ROSAlSKY Department of Biostatistics University of Florida Department of Statistics University of Florida

For a double array {V_(m,n), m ≥ 1, n ≥ 1} of independent, mean 0 random elements in a real separable Rademacher type p(1 ≤ p ≤ 2) Banach space and an increasing double array {b_(m,n), m ≥1, n ≥ 1} of positive constants, the limit law ■ and in l_p as m∨n→∞ is shown to hold if ■ This strong law of large numbers provides a complete characterization of Rademacher type p Banach spaces. Results of this form are also established when 0 laced on the random elements and without any geometric conditions placed on the underlying Banach space.

关键词： Real separable Banach space double array of independent random elements strong law of large numbers almost sure convergence Rademacher type p Banach space convergence in lp

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Appendectomy and Clostridium difficile colitis:Relationships revealed by clinical observations and immunology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第34期19卷 5607-5614页

作者： Nathan l Sanders R Randal Bollinger Ryan lee Steven Thomas William parker Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center

Advances in understanding the interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome have led to an improved understanding of the function of the vermiform appendix as a safe-house for beneficial bacteria in the *** advances have been made despite long standing clinical observations that the appendectomy is a safe and effective ***,more recent clinical data show that an appendectomy puts patients at increased risk for recurrent Clostridium difficile(***)-associated colitis,and probably other diseases associated with an altered *** the same time,appendectomy does not apparently put patients at risk for an initial onset of ***-associated *** clinical observations point toward the idea that the vermiform appendix might not effectively protect the microbiome in the face of broad spectrum antibiotics,the use of which precedes the initial onset of ***-associated ***,these observations point to the idea that historically important threats to the microbiome such as infectious gastrointestinal pathogens have been supplanted by other threats,particularly the use of broad spectrum antibiotics.

关键词： Appendectomy Clostridium difficile Colitis Diarrheal illness Vermiform appendix

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Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes of volcanic rocks from the Batamayineishan Formation in the eastern Junggar Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第36期55卷 4150-4161页

作者： SU YuPing ZHENG JianPing GRIFFIN William l TANG HuaYun O'REIllY suzanne Y lIN XiangYang Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China National Key Centre for Geochemical Evolution and Metallogeny of Continents ( GEMOC) Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia

内部结构的研究被进行从 Batamayineishan 形成调查 U-Pb 年龄，踪迹元素和玄武岩的锆石的 Hf 同位素。暗岩从练习井圣罐头被获得 1 在 Junggar 盆以内在东方 luliang 上高举。跟踪所有样品是 magmatic 的锆石表演的元素数据，与类似的 ... 详细信息

内部结构的研究被进行从 Batamayineishan 形成调查 U-Pb 年龄，踪迹元素和玄武岩的锆石的 Hf 同位素。暗岩从练习井圣罐头被获得 1 在 Junggar 盆以内在东方 luliang 上高举。跟踪所有样品是 magmatic 的锆石表演的元素数据，与类似的 REE 模式，包括积极 Ce (Ce=5.06134 ) ，而是否定 Eu (Eu=0.06 ? 0.55 ) 在重稀土元素元素的异例和丰富。在 25 谷物之中，一致年龄被细分进三个组；300.4 整潲祺潧整的年龄？

关键词：准噶尔盆地东部岛弧火山岩形成年龄 Hf同位素锆石 Pb 碰撞后构造环境岩石圈地幔

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Chronotype and self-reported sleep,alertness,and mental health in U.S. sailors

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 259-261页

作者： Elizabeth M.Harrison Alexandra P.Easterling Emily A.Schmied suzanne l.Hurtado Gena l.Glickman Center for Circadian Biology University of California San DiegoSan DiegoUSA leidos Inc.San DiegoUSA Health and Behavioral Sciences Department Naval Health Research CenterSan DiegoUSA School of Public Health San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoUSA Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaUSA

Service members are at risk for sleep and psychological conditions affecting their readiness. Chronotype(“morningness”or “eveningness”) is strongly associated with sleep, health and performance. The objective of this study was to examine associations between validated measures of chronotype and sleep quality, daytime functioning, alertness,and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in US service members(n=298).Although predominantly young males(who skew toward eveningness in civilian populations), these Sailors skewed toward morningness(35.6% morning, 51.3% intermediate). Eveningness was associated with symptoms of depression and PTSD(Pless time in bed(Pleep disruption(Plertness(Pless likely to consider sleep important for performance(Ples should be aligned with endogenous rhythms, whenever possible, and evening chronotypes may benefit from targeted interventions. Chronotype should be examined alongside health and readiness in service members.

关键词： Circadian Chronotype Sleep Military Readiness Depression Anxiety Post-traumatic stress disorder

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A review of direct numerical simulations of astrophysical detonations and their implications

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第2期8卷 189-198页

作者： suzanne T. Parete-Koon Christopher R. Smith Thomas l. Papatheodore O. E. Bronson Messer National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA TN 37831-6354 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleUSA TN 37996-1200

Multi-dimensional direct numerical simulations （DNS） of astrophysical detonations in degenerate matter have revealed that the nuclear burning is typically characterized by cellular structure caused by transverse instabilities in the detonation front. Type Ia supernova modelers often use one- dimensional DNS of detonations as inputs or constraints for their whole star simulations. While these one-dimensional studies are useful tools, the true nature of the detonation is multi-dimensional. The multi-dimensional structure of the burning influences the speed, stability, and the composition of the detonation and its burning products, and therefore, could have an impact on the spectra of Type Ia supernovae. Considerable effort has been expended modeling Type Ia supernovae at densities above 1 ~ 107 ***-3 where the complexities of turbulent burning dominate the flame propagation. How- ever, most full star models turn the nuclear burning schemes off when the density falls below 1 ~ 107 ***-3 and distributed burning begins. The deflagration to detonation transition （DDT） is believed to occur at just these densities and consequently they are the densities important for studying the properties of the subsequent detonation. This work will review the status of DNS studies of detona- tions and their possible implications for Type Ia supernova models. It will cover the development of Detonation theory from the first simple Chapman-Jouguet （C J） detonation models to the current models based on the time-dependent, compressible, reactive flow Euler equations of fluid dynamics.

关键词： supernova detonations direct numerical simulations

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Male Burmese pythons follow female scent trails and show sex-specific behaviors

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第5期14卷 460-469页

作者： Shannon A.RICHARD Eric A.TIllMAN John S.HUMPHREY Michael l.AVERY M.Rockwell.parker Department of Biology James Madison UniversityHarrisonburgVirginiaUSA National Wildlife Research Center Florida Field StationU.S.Department of AgricultureGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Animals communicate with potential mates using species-specific signals,and pheromones are powerful sexual signals that modify conspecific behavior to facilitate mate *** the vertebrates,snakes are especially adept in mate searching via chemical trailing,which is particularly relevant given that many snake species are invasive outside their native *** signals used in mate choice are,thus,potentially valuable tools for management of invasive snake *** Burmese python(Python bivittatus)is an invasive snake in the Florida Everglades where it is negatively impacting native *** this study,we sought to:(i)determine if males can follow conspecific chemical trails in a Y-maze;and(ii)describe the mate searching behaviors exhibited by males while *** males consistently followed a single female scent trail in the maze,but when only a male scent trail was present they did not discriminate between the male and blank *** of tongue-flicking,a proxy for chemosensory sampling,was also marginally higher when males were following female versus male scent ***,when both female and male scent trails were simultaneously present in the Y-maze,males did not show a preference for the female arm,although the tongue-flick rate was higher in the female-only trial compared to female versus *** of multiple male behaviors individually and using an ethogram revealed that behaviors were more frequent and complex in the female-only trials compared to male-only *** behavioral trials are needed to determine if an effective pheromonal approach to Burmese python management is possible.

关键词： chemical ecology invasive species pheromone snake trailing

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Influence of food availability,plant productivity,and indigenous forest use on ranging behavior of the endangered samango monkey(Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi),in the Soutpansberg Mountains,South Africa

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第5期15卷 385-400页

作者： Edwin J.parker Russell A.HIl Andrew T.l.AllAN Caroline HOWlETT Nicola F.KOYAMA School of Natural Sciences and Psychology Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK Primate and Predator Project Lajuma Research CentreLouis TrichardtSouth Africa Department of Anthropology Durham UniversityDurhamUK Department of Zoology University of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa School of Anthropology and Conservation University of KentKentUK

Understanding the determinants of ranging patterns in species susceptible to habitat fragmentation is fundamental for assessing their long-term adaptability to an increasingly human-dominated *** aim of this study was to determine and compare the influence of ground-based food availability,remotely sensed plant productivity,and indigenous forest use on the ranging patterns of the endangered samango monkey(Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi).We collected monthly ranging data on two habituated samango monkey groups,from February 2012 to December 2016,from our field site in the Soutpansberg Mountains,South *** used linear mixed models to explore how food availability,plant productivity,and indigenous forest use influenced monthly ranging patterns,while controlling for group size,number of sample days and day *** found that as more areas of high plant productivity(derived from remotely sensed EVI)were incorporated into the ranging area,both total and core monthly ranging areas *** addition,both total ranging area and mean monthly daily path length decreased as more indigenous forest was incorporated into the ranging ***,we found no effect of either ground-based food availability or remotely sensed plant productivity on ranging *** findings demonstrate the behavioral flexibility in samango monkey ranging,as samangos can utilize matrix habitat during periods of low productivity but are ultimately dependent on access to indigenous forest *** addition,we highlight the potential of using remotely sensed areas of high plant productivity to predict ranging patterns in a small ranging,forest-dwelling guenon,over ground-based estimates of food availability.

关键词： food availability forest use plant productivity ranging patterns remote sensing samango monkey

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