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IC QFP缺陷检测算法

IC QFP缺陷检测算法

作者： sagar Samiul Alim 华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

在不断发展的半导体制造领域,确保集成电路四方扁平封装(IC QFP)元件的质量和可靠性至关重要。本论文提出了一种利用深度学习方法(特别是YOLOv7网络)的力量来进行IC QFP缺陷检测的新方法。这项研究的主要目标是提高IC QFP元件缺陷检测... 详细信息

在不断发展的半导体制造领域,确保集成电路四方扁平封装(IC QFP)元件的质量和可靠性至关重要。本论文提出了一种利用深度学习方法(特别是YOLOv7网络)的力量来进行IC QFP缺陷检测的新方法。这项研究的主要目标是提高IC QFP元件缺陷检测的效率和准确性,同时解决制造工艺固有的挑战。这项工作的核心贡献是基于YOLOv7深度学习架构的缺陷检测系统的开发和实现。YOLOv7的实时物体检测功能使其特别适合检查IC QFP组件,其中缺陷的尺寸、形状和位置可能有所不同。为了便于模型训练和评估,我们收集了具有各种缺陷的IC QFP组件的综合数据集并进行了仔细注释。该数据集可作为缺陷检测领域未来研究的宝贵资源。研究工作的很大一部分致力于微调和优化用于IC QFP缺陷检测的YOLOv7模型。这涉及尝试超参数、数据增强技术和模型架构,以实现最先进的性能。为了评估所提出的基于YOLOv7的方法的有效性,与半导体行业常用的现有缺陷检测方法进行了定量比较。对精度、召回率、F1分数和平均精度(m AP)等性能指标进行了严格评估,证明了所提出方法的优越性。该研究强调了所开发的缺陷检测算法在现实制造环境中的实际适用性。对速度、准确性和对不同生产条件的适应性等考虑因素进行了彻底检查。本文还概述了增强IC QFP缺陷检测的潜在未来方向,包括集成其他传感器模式、结合异常检测技术以及探索用于实时检测的边缘计算。总之,本研究利用YOLOv7深度学习网络,提出了一种针对IC QFP组件的稳健且高效的缺陷检测算法。

关键词：集成电路四方扁平封装芯片深度学习缺陷检测

Solar PV Energy Generation Map of Karnataka, India

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2015年第12期6卷 333-343页

作者： Jaymin Gajjar sagar Agravat T. Harinarayana Gujarat Energy Research & Management Institute (GERMI) Gandhinagar Gujarat India

A massive plan has been drawn by the Karnataka state of India to initiate several solar power plants at different locations. In view of this, it is of great help to have reliable estimation on solar PV energy generation. Four solar PV power plants in Karnataka state are fully operational installed by Karnataka Power Corporation Limited (KPCL). They are located at Kolar, Belgaum and Raichur with 3 MW capacity each and at Mandya with 5 MW capacity. In the present study, using ground mounted weather station data solar power generation has been estimated and compared with actual generation for two consecutive years of 2012 and 2013 for one location initially, namely 3 MW Kolar Solar PV Plant. The procedure is repeated for rest of the plants. The simulated results have been corrected with ground mounted weather data. After such corrections, the simulated results have been compared with the actual energy generation of the four plants. Results showed a close match with a small deviation of about 5%. The model then applied throughout the state for every 0.25 degree station intervals in a grid manner. The annual energy generation obtained for the state varies from 1.53 to 1.73 MUs/MW. Central and south eastern part of the state are found to yield significantly higher solar power generation as compared to the northern part and south western part of Karnataka. Interestingly, north western part of Kodagu district has shown the least potential of 1.53 MUs/MW as compared to other parts. This can be attributed mainly due to low irradiation and high temperature condition at this location. The energy generated map from our study will be useful and helpful for both solar developers and decision makers of Karnataka state.

关键词： Solar Energy Generation Map Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Plant Karnataka PVSyst Meteonorm KPCL Kolar Belgaum Raichur Mandya

Effectiveness of a novel, fixed dose combination of netupitant and palonosetron in prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: A real-life study from India

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第8期11卷 606-613页

作者： Bharat Vaswani sagar Bhagat Saiprasad Patil Hanmant Barkate Medical Oncology Yashoda Cancer InstituteSecunderabad 500003India Medical Services Glenmark Pharmaceutical limitedMumbai 400099India

BACKGROUND A new,oral fixed dose combination of highly selective neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist,netupitant with 5HT3 receptor antagonist,netupitant and palonosetron(NEPA)was approved in India for prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting(CINV).AIM To assess effectiveness of NEPA in real-world *** We retrospectively assessed the medical records and patient dairies of adult patients who received highly emetogenic or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy(HEC/MEC)and treated with NEPA(Netupitant 300 mg+Palanosetron 0.50 mg)for prevention of *** response(CR)was defined as no emesis or no requirement of rescue medication in overall phase(0 to 5 d),acute phase(0-24 h)and delayed phase(2 to 5 d).RESULTS In 403 patients included in the analysis,mean age was 56.24±11.11 years and 55.09%were *** cancer(25.06%)was most common malignancy *** and MEC were administered in 54.6%and 45.4%patients *** in overall phase was 93.79%whereas it was 98.01%in acute CINV and 93.79%in delayed *** CR in HEC and MEC groups was 93.63%and 93.98%*** was more than 90%in different chemotherapy cycles except in group of patients of cycle 4 where CR was 88.88%.CONCLUSION NEPA is a novel combination that is effective in preventing CINV in up to 93%cases treated with highly emetogenic or moderately emetogenic *** study brings the first real-life evidence of its effectiveness in India population.

关键词： Chemotherapy induced nausea vomiting Netupitant Palonosetron Cancer Chemotherapy

Autologous Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebral Palsy

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第1期10卷 36-64页

作者： sagar Jawale Vijay Bhaskar Veeresh Nandikolmath Shreedhar Patil Jawale Institute of Pediatric Surgery Jalgaon Maharashtra India

Introduction: We describe treatment of Cerebral Palsy with adult stem cells derived from bone marrow and fat of the same patient. Adult stem cells are of two types, the mesenchymal and haemopoietic stem cells which have potential to duplicate, indefinitely produce 50 types of growth factors that repair and regenerate tissues in an epigenetic manner. Every organ has its own stem cells, for example kidney stem cells, liver stem cells, etc. When specialized cells in an organ get damaged, the local stem cells come forward and get differentiated into specialized cells and the tissue damage is replenished. But when the stock of this reserve of local stem cell is over, the organ starts failing. In autologous stem cell therapy, we harvest stem cells from other healthy organs like fat and bone marrow which have abundant stem cells and put them into the diseased organ. Adult stem cells differentiate into neurons in vitro when added with nerve growth factor which is present in every nerve tissue. Our stem cell research was done by following all the guidelines set at national and international level. In India the incidence of cerebral palsy is around 5/1000 live births. In cerebral Palsy the upper motor neuron is weak, hence the lower motor neuron becomes hyper active leading to spasticity. The treatment involves mainly physiotherapy and prognosis is poor. Physiotherapy is a palliation and does not repair damage in the brain. The conventional therapy has failed to give any satisfactory results in these children hence something new needs to be done. Materials and Methods: In last 2 years we did stem cell therapy for 21 cases of CP in our center with age of 9 months to 17 years. Out of 21 cases of CP, 7 (33.3%) cases had quadriplegia, 6 (28.57%) paraplegia and 1 (4.76%) monoplegia, 2 (9%) hypotonic, 5 (23.8%) hemiplegia, 4 (19.04%) with mental retardation and 3 (14.28) had features of ADHD and Autism. 18 patients had squint in the eyes, 8 patients had food regurgitation and drool

关键词： Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebral Palsy Autologous Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebral Palsy Stem Cell Treatment for CP

Role of composition and grain size in controlling the structure sensitive magnetic properties of Sm substituted nanocrystalline Co-Zn ferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第10期38卷 1069-1075,I0002页

作者： Anil B.Mugutkar Shyam K.Gore Umakant B.Tumberphale Vijaykumar V.Jadhav Rajaram S.Mane Sunil M.Patange sagar E.Shirsath Santosh S.Jadhav Bahirji Smarak Mahavidyalaya Basmath431512MaharashtraIndia Microwave Research Laboratory N.E.S.Science CollegeNanded431601MaharashtraIndia Dnyanopasak Shikshan Mandal's Arts Commerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou 515006China Department of Physics Shivaji MahavidyalayaUdgir-413517MaharashtraIndia School of Physical Sciences Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada UniversityNanded431606MaharashtraIndia Shri Krishna Mahavidyalaya Gunjoti413613MaharashtraIndia School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney2052NSWAustralia

The nanocrystalline samarium substituted Co-Zn ferrites with chemical formula Co0.7Zn0.3SmyFe2-yO4(where y=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04) were synthesized by sol-gel autocombustion *** analysis of Xray diffractograms(XRD) reveals the formation of cubic spinel *** planes indexed from XRD analyses were confirmed in the selected area electron diffraction(SAED) image of the *** nature of the particles in the ferrite samples was confirmed by *** morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Magnetic measurements show an increase in the magnetization for x ≤*** decrease in magnetization due to spin canting is observed for x=*** coercivity depends on Sm3+doping concentration,grain size and saturation *** complex permeability of the ferrites was analyzed as the function of frequency and Sm3+composition(y).The real part of complex permeability varies linearly with the grain size.

关键词： Nanocrystalline ferrites Rietveld refinement HRTEM Magnetization Coercivity Permeability

Resolution of Two Unequally Bright Points of Apodized Optical Systems with Asymmetric Circular Antenna Arrays

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2016年第3期6卷 39-46页

作者： Andra Naresh Kumar Reddy Pagolu Shailaja Dasari Karuna sagar Department of Physics (H & S) CMR Institute of Technology Telangana India Optics Research Group Department of Physics University College of Science Osmania University Telangana India

Sparrow criterion of resolution is used for assessment of the resolution of two object points of apodized optical systems under incoherent illumination of light. Semicircular arrays of circular aperture with discrete asymmetric apodization have suppressed side-lobes and a narrower central peak in the image plane termed as PSF good side on alternatively the right and left of the strong spectral point facilitates to detect the presence of weak spectral point in the vicinity of bright spectral point. The results of investigations on optimum discrete pupil function with semicircular arrays on the intensity distributions in the composite image of two object points with widely varying in their intensities under various degree of coherence of illumination have been studied. Sparrow resolution limits and the dip in central intensity as function of degree of coherence of the illumination (γ), intensity ratio (α), degree of asymmetric apodization (b) and number of discrete elements in semicircular array (n). The efficiency of aperture functions is discussed in terms of these parameters. Pupil function capabilities in redistribution of energy in composite image of two object points in close vicinity have been verified for different considerations. Current study has found an improvement in two-point resolution characteristics compared to their unapodized counter part. Fourier analytical properties of an optical system are presented for evaluation of this practical problem.

关键词： Complementary Pupil Function Diffraction Two-Point Resolution Discrete Asymmetric Apodization Degree of Coherence Sparrow Limit Intensity Ratio Superresolution

Growth differentiation factor 15 as an emerging novel biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 infection

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World Journal of Methodology 2022年第5期12卷 438-447页

作者： Deepak Parchwani sagar Dholariya CDS Katoch Ragini Singh Department of Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical SciencesRajkot 360001GujaratIndia Department of Pulmonary Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesRajkot 360001GujaratIndia

BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor(GDF)-15 is a member of a transforming growth factor-βcytokine superfamily that regulates metabolism and is released in response to inflammation,hypoxia and tissue *** has evolved as one of the most potent cytokines for predicting the severity of infections and inflammatory conditions,such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** To investigate the utility of GDF-15 in predicting the severity of SARS-CoV-2 *** PubMed,Reference Citation Analysis,CNKI,and Goggle Scholar were explored by using related MeSH keywords and data such as the first author’s name,study duration,type and place of study,sample size and subgroups of participants if any,serum/plasma GDF-15 level in pg/mL,area under the curve and cut-off value in receiver operating characteristic analysis,method of measurement of GDF-15,and the main conclusion were *** In all studies,the baseline GDF-15 level was elevated in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients,and it was significantly associated with severity,hypoxemia,viral load,and worse clinical *** addition,GDF-15 levels were correlated with C-reactive protein,D-dimer,ferritin and procalcitonin,and it had superior discriminatory ability to detect severity and in-hospital mortality of SARS-CoV-2 ***,GDF-15 might be used to predict the severity and prognosis of hospitalized patients with *** Serial estimation of GDF-15 levels in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection appeared to have useful prognostic value and GDF-15 can be considered a clinically prominent sepsis biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Growth differentiation factor 15 Biomarker Risk-stratification Prognosis

Determination of Significance of Environmental Impacts of Development Projects: A Case Study of Environmental Impact Assessment of Indrawati-3 Hydropower Project in Nepal

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第8期2卷 1021-1031页

作者： Ram B. Khadka Ajay Mathema Uttam sagar Shrestha 不详

The environmental impacts are commonly quantified in the EIA studies by rating, ranking and scaling. The National EIA Guidelines, 1993, Nepal provides a guideline to score the impacts in terms of magnitude, extent, and duration. This step is commonly known as impact prediction in the EIA process. The predicted scores are multiplied by the weightage value of the resource;likely to be affected. The application of the weightage transforms the predicted values of the impacts into their “significance”—a concept used in the environmental decision making. In other words the significance value entails assignment of relative judgment values to the impacts. The impacts, thus, can ranked based on their significance. The impact ranking is more useful in evaluating the socio-economic impacts. Unlike air, water and noise quality, which can be assessed against established standards;the socio-economic impacts do not have standard scale and are difficult to rank. Importance weighting of socio-economic impacts are commonly determined by the consensus obtained from the interaction with the local people, agencies, NGOs and experts. The impact ranking in the EIA process is unavoidable, firstly to prioritize the urgent environmental issues and design mitigation measures accordingly and also provide coherent linkages among the issues, and plan monitoring and auditing linkage with the proposed mitigation measures. Furthermore, it also provide strong basis of decision making, and thus facilitate the decision makers. The process of impact prediction, determination of significance and ranking were applied in the EIA of Indrwati-3 Hydroelectric Project, which is one of the successful cases of EIA in Nepal. The authors believe that the impacts predicted and quantified through this method are being focussed to more on the local concerns, since it seeks an active involvement of the local people who are likely to be affected.

关键词： Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Significance Ranking Prediction of Impacts Importance Weighting Judgment Values

外加磁场对SPIO-shRNA分子探针用于活体荷瘤裸鼠卵巢癌肿瘤MR成像的影响

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重庆医科大学学报 2018年第3期43卷 398-402页

作者：廖蕤堃曾丹妮 sagar Thapa 文明重庆医科大学附属第一医院放射科重庆400016

目的:探讨外加磁场对SPIO-sh RNA分子探针用于活体荷瘤裸鼠卵巢癌肿瘤MR成像的影响。方法:设定探针注射浓度为含铁18 mg/kg,扫描时间为探针注射后27 h;将30只BALB/c荷瘤裸鼠随机分为3组,即磁转染组(实验组),探针转染组(阴性对照组),荷... 详细信息

目的:探讨外加磁场对SPIO-sh RNA分子探针用于活体荷瘤裸鼠卵巢癌肿瘤MR成像的影响。方法:设定探针注射浓度为含铁18 mg/kg,扫描时间为探针注射后27 h;将30只BALB/c荷瘤裸鼠随机分为3组,即磁转染组(实验组),探针转染组(阴性对照组),荷瘤裸鼠组(空白对照组),每组样本量分别为10只荷瘤裸鼠,并在扫描前对磁转染组行外加磁场处理。采用磁共振MR扫描检测裸鼠体内肿瘤组织及邻近肌肉组织信号强度变化;每次检查完成后立即处死裸鼠,取出肿瘤组织及肌肉组织行HE、普鲁士蓝染色,并在光学显微镜下观察。结果:T1WI序列各组间肿瘤组织信号强度差异不具有统计学意义(F=2.623,P=0.091),各组间肌肉组织信号强度差异不具有统计学意义(F=0.434,P=0.652);T2WI及T2*序列磁转染组及探针转染组肿瘤组织信号强度较荷瘤裸鼠组减低,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000),且磁转染组较探针转染组差异更显著,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000);而T2*序列磁转染组肌肉组织信号强度较其余组信号减低,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000);HE染色显示各组肿瘤组织结构紊乱,细胞核异型性增多;普鲁士蓝染色表明在磁转染组和探针转染组中均存在蓝染铁颗粒,且磁转染组蓝染颗粒更为丰富。结论:外加磁场能够诱导SPIO-sh RNA分子探针靶向作用于卵巢癌肿瘤组织并提高肿瘤组织摄取的有效浓度。

关键词：超顺磁性氧化铁分子探针 MR成像外加磁场卵巢癌