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Beyond membranes:The Evolution of Plant Lipid Signaling

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molecular Plant 2020年第7期13卷 952-954页

作者： susanne Hoffmann-Benning Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

Lipids have many essential functions in plants:They are membrane components and as such play an important role in compartmentation of the cell,membrane curvature,and formation of lipid rafts/microdomains;they participate in vesicle formation and trafficking,and act as a barrier to unrestricted trafficking of *** are also important intermediates in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and storage *** more interesting is their role in signaling.

关键词： Lipid Plant curvature

Unexpected little helpers: microbiota stimulate systemic antiviral defenses

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第11期7卷 4001-4002页

作者： susanne Klute Helene Hoenigsperger Konstantin m.J.Sparrer Institute of molecular Virology Ulm University Medical CenterUlm89081Germany

In a recent study published in Immunity by Erttmann et al.,an unexpected beneficial role of gut microbiota in protecting mice against invading viruses by promoting low levels of systemic innate immune activation via t... 详细信息

关键词： al. interferon ed.

Outcome after early mobilization following hip reconstruction in children with developmental hip dysplasia and luxation

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第2期14卷 176-183页

作者： Katharina susanne Gather Eva von Stillfried Sebastien Hagmann Sebastian müller Thomas Dreher Center of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery/Spinal Cord Injury Center Heidelberg University HospitalSchlierbacher Landstr.200a69118 HeidelbergGermany

Background most orthopedic surgeons prefer spica cast immobilization in children for 4 to 12 weeks after surgical hip reconstruction in children with developmental hip *** challenging treatment may be associated with *** are lacking that focus on early mobilization without casting for postoperative care after hip *** Twenty-seven children(3.4±2.0 years),including 33 hips with developmental hip dysplasia(DDH)and dislocation of the hip(Tonnis grade 1 to 4),who underwent hip reconstruction(Dega acetabuloplasty,varisation-derotation osteotomy and facultative open reduction)were retrospectively included in this *** the patients were placed in an individual foam shell with 30 degrees of hip abduction,hip extension,and neutral *** mobilization physiotherapy was performed within the first few days after the surgery under epidural *** weight bearing was allowed after 3-4 *** children received a clinical examination and radiographic evaluation before and after surgical *** follow-up period was 12.3±2.9 *** On average,the postoperative acetabular index decreased significantly from 36.9 to 21.7 degrees and the center-edge angle increased from 9.9 to 28.6 *** hips had reached Tonnis grade 1 at the time of the last *** complications such as dislocation of the bone wedge,avascular necrosis of the acetabulum or femur,lack of non-union,or nerve injury,were *** In this cohort study,hip reconstruction was successful according to clinical and radiographic outcome param-eters after early mobilization without cast *** mobilization may be used as an alternative treatment option after hip reconstruction in DDH.

关键词： Dega acetabuloplasty Developmental hip dysplasia Early mobilization Spica cast Varisation-derotation osteotomy

An origin of the along-arc compositional variation in the Izu-Bonin arc system

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1621-1634页

作者： Kathryn Durkin Paterno R.Castillo susanne m.Straub Natsue Abe Yoshihiko Tamura Quanshu Yan Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0212USA Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia Univ.61 US-9WPalisadesNY10964USA Japan Agency for marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAmSTEC) 2-15 Natsushima-choJapan Key Laboratory of marine Sedimentary and Environmental Geology The First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266061China

The Izu-Bonin arc system is sediment-poor(~400 m thick with no accretionary prism)and,therefore,the influence of the altered oceanic crust(AOC)is most likely the source of the documented along-arc lava compositional variations,especially in Pb ***-Bonin arc lava geochemistry suggests an influx of subduction component from an Indian-type ***,samples drilled from the western Pacific geochemical reference site at Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site 1149 implies subduction of a Pacific-type *** solve the apparent discrepancy of slab input versus arc output in this arc system,samples of the AOC were dredged from vertical fault scarps of the subducting Pacific Plate along a transect from 27.5°N to 34.50 *** range from tholeiitic to mildly alkalic mid-ocean ridge basalts as well as trachybasalts,basaltic trachyandesites,tephrites,and *** ratios also exhibit a range of values(87Sr/86Sr=0.70282-0.70673,143 Nd/144 Nd=0.512552-0.513174,206Pb/204 Pb=18.43-20.00,207 Pb/204 Pb=15.40-15.67,208Pb/204Pb=37.75-39.55).Our results suggest that there is a geochemical variation in the AOC that is neither completely due to seawater or hydrothermal alteration,nor to petrogenetic ***,this variation is the result of the Pacific-Izanagi Ridge system tapping into a heterogeneous,plume-polluted mantle source during the mid-Cretaceous volcanic *** observed Pacific-type AOC is not responsible for the Indian-type Pb isotopic signature of Izu-Bonin arc *** leads us to propose an alternative scenario where the Izu-Bonin arc lava Indian-type Pb isotopic signature originates from slab-derived fluids interacting and adsorbing Pb from an Indian-type mantle wedge through zone-refining.

关键词： Izu-Bonin AOC Pb-isotopes Indian-type Zone-refining

A comparison of conventional and computer-assisted semen analysis.（CRISmAS software） using samples from 166 young Danish men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 453-458,513页

作者： Anne Vested Cecilia H Ramlau-Hansen Jens P Bonde Ane m Thulstrup susanne L Kristensen Gunnar Toft Danish Ramazzini Center Department of Occupational Medicine Aarhus University Hospital DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Department of Occupational and Environmental medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg DK-2400 Copenhagen NV Denmark

The aim of the present study was to compare assessments of sperm concentration and sperm motility analysed by conventional semen analysis with those obtained by computer-assisted semen analysis （CASA）（Copenhagen Rigshospitalet Image House Sperm motility Analysis System （CRISmAS） 4.6 software） using semen samples from 166 young Danish men. The CRISmAS software identifies sperm concentration and classifies spermatozoa into three motility categories. To enable comparison of the two methods, the four motility stages obtained by conventional semen analysis were, based on their velocity classifications, divided into three stages, comparable to the three CRISmAS motility categories： rapidly progressive （A）, slowly progressive （B） and non-progressive （C＋ D）. Differences between the two methods were large for all investigated parameters （P〈0.001）. CRISmAS overestimated sperm concentration and the proportion of rapidly progressive spermatozoa and, consequently, underestimated the percentages of slowly progressive and non-progressive spermatozoa, compared to the conventional method. To investigate whether results drifted according to time of semen analysis, results were pooled into quarters according to date of semen analysis. CRISmAS motility results appeared more stable over time compared to the conventional analysis; however, neither method showed any trends. Apparently, CRISmAS CASA results and results from the conventional method were not comparable with respect to sperm concentration and motility analysis. This needs to be accounted for in clinics using this software and in studies of determinants of these semen characteristics.

关键词： computer-assisted semen analysis reproduction semen analysis sperm concentration sperm motility

Sperm banking before gonadotoxic treatment:is it worth the effort?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第5期23卷 490-494页

作者： Kilian Vomstein Elisabeth Reiser Germar m Pinggera Peter Toerzsoek susanne Deininger Thomas Kriesche Wolfgang Biasio Lukas Lusuardi Bettina Toth Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive medicine Medical University InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Urology Medical University InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Urology and Andrology University Hospital of SalzburgSalzburg 5020Austria

We aimed to compare the sperm quality in different cancer types and benign diseases before gonadotoxic treatment,and assess the usage rate of cryopreserved sperm for assisted reproductive treatment(ART).This retrospective study was conducted at two university clinics between January 2008 and July 2018.A total of 545 patients suffering from cancer or benign diseases were included in the *** pretreatment sperm analyses were based on the World Health Organization(WHO)*** with testicular malignancy(Tm)showed a significantly lower sperm count(median[interquartile range]:18.7×10^(6)[5.3×10^(6)-43.0×10^(6)]ml^(-1);P=0.03)as well as total sperm count(42.4×10^(6)[13.3×10^(6)-108.5×10^(6)]per ejaculate;P=0.007)compared to other malignant and benign *** addition,patients with nonseminomatous Tm showed the lowest sperm count(14.3×10^(6)[6.0×10^(6)-29.9×10^(6)]ml^(-1),vs seminomas:16.5 x 106[4.6×10^(6)-20.3×10^(6)]ml^(-1);P=0.001).With reference to the WHO 2010 guidelines,approximately 48.0%of the patients with Tm and 23.0%with hematological malignancies(Hm)had *** the observation period,only 29 patients(5.3%)used their frozen sperms for 48 ART cycles,resulting in 15 clinical pregnancies and 10 live *** sperm quality varies with the type of underlying disease,with Tm and Hm patients showing the lowest sperm *** to the observed low usage rate of cryopreserved sperm,further patient interviews and sperm analyses should be included in the routine oncologic protocols to avoid unnecessary storage ***,sperm banking is worth the effort as it provides hope for men who cannot reproduce naturally after gonadotoxic treatment.

关键词： cryopreservation fertility gonadotoxic treatment sperm count testicular disease

Long-term effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of silver nanoparticles on microbial biomass, enzyme activity,and functional genes involved in the nitrogen cycle of loamy soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第7期30卷 12-22页

作者： Anna-Lena Grün susanne Straskraba Stefanie Schulz michael Schloter Christoph Emmerling Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences Department of Soil Science University of Trier J.W.Goethe University Institute of Molecular Biosciences Research for Comparative microbiome Analysis Helmholtz Zentrum München Chair for Soil Science Technische Universit?t München

The increasing production and use of engineered silver nanoparticles（AgNP） in industry and private households are leading to increased concentrations of AgNP in the environment. An ecological risk assessment of AgNP is needed, but it requires understanding the long term effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of AgNP on the soil microbiome. Hence, the aim of this study was to reveal the long-term effects of AgNP on soil microorganisms. The study was conducted as a laboratory incubation experiment over a period of one year using a loamy soil and AgNP concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 mg AgNP/kg soil. The short term effects of AgNP were, in general, ***, after one year of exposure to 0.01 mg AgNP/kg, there were significant negative effects on soil microbial biomass（quantified by extractable DNA; p = 0.000） and bacterial ammonia oxidizers（quantified by amo A gene copy numbers; p = 0.009）. Furthermore, the tested AgNP concentrations significantly decreased the soil microbial biomass, the leucine aminopeptidase activity（quantified by substrate turnover; p = 0.014）, and the abundance of nitrogen fixing microorganisms（quantified by nif H gene copy numbers; p = 0.001）. The results of the positive control with Ag NO3 revealed predominantly stronger effects due to Ag＋ion release. Thus, the increasing toxicity of AgNP during the test period may reflect the long-term release of Ag^＋ions. Nevertheless, even very low concentrations of AgNP caused disadvantages for the microbial soil community, especially for nitrogen cycling, and our results confirmed the risks of releasing AgNP into the environment.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Soil microbiome amoA nifH Leucine aminopeptidase activity AgPure

Directional changes of species spatial dispersion and realized environmental niches drive plant community assembly during early plant succession

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第3期12卷 409-418页

作者： Werner Ulrich markus Klemens Zaplata susanne Winter Anton Fischer Department of Ecology and Biogeography Nicolaus Copernicus University in TorunLwowska 1PL 87-100 ToruńPoland Hydrology and Water Resources management Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergSiemens-Halske-Ring 10D-03046 CottbusGermany Faculty of Forest and Environment Section of Applied Ecology and ZoologyEberswalde University of Sustainable DevelopmentAlfred-Möller-Str.5D-16225 EberswaldeGermany Department of Geobotany Center of Life and Food SciencesTechnische Universität MünchenHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2D-85354 FreisingGermany

Aims Probabilistic models of species co-occurrences predict aggre-gated intraspecific spatial distributions that might decrease the degree of joint species occurrences and increase community ***,little is known about the influence of intraspecific aggre-gation on the co-occurrence of species in natural,species-rich ***,we focus on early plant succession and ask how changes in intraspecific aggregation of colonizing plant spe-cies influence the pattern of species co-existence,richness and *** We studied the early vegetation succession in a six ha constructed catchment within the abandoned part of a lignite mine in NE *** two spatial scales(1-and 25-m2 plots),we compared for each pair of species the intraspecific degree of aggregation and the pattern of co-occurrence and compared observed rela-tionships with temporal changes in important species functional *** Findings The majority of species occurred in an aggregated manner,particu-larly in the first 2 years of *** pairwise comparisons,we found an excess of segregated species occurrences leading to a posi-tive link between intraspecific aggregation and pairwise species seg-regation as predicted by the aggregation hypothesis,particularly at the lower spatial *** degree of intraspecific aggregation was negatively correlated with the community-wide level of species spatial turnover and with plot species *** results are the first direct confirmation that increasing intraspecific aggregation and interspecific competitive interactions counteract in shaping plant community structure during *** respective effects of aggregation were strongest at intermediate states of early succession.

关键词： primary succession spatial analysis environmental niche functional traits species aggregation

A fossil-calibrated relaxed clock for Ephedra indicates an Oligocene age for the divergence of Asian and New World clades and miocene dispersal into South America

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第5期47卷 444-456页

作者： Stefanie m.ICKERT-BOND Catarina RYDIN susanne S.RENNER University of Alaska UA Museum of the North Herbarium and Institute of Arctic Biology Institute of Systematic Botany University of Zurich University of munich Systematic Botany and Mycology

Ephedra comprises approximately 50 species,which are roughly equally distributed between the Old and New World deserts,but not in the intervening regions(amphitropical range).Great heterogeneity in the substitution rates of Gnetales(Ephedra,Gnetum,and Welwitschia) has made it difficult to infer the ages of the major divergence events in Ephedra,such as the timing of the Beringian disjunction in the genus and the entry into South ***,we use data from as many Gnetales species and genes as available from GenBank and from a recent study to investigate the timing of the major divergence *** of the tradeoff between the amount of missing data and taxon/gene sampling,we reduced the initial matrix of 265 accessions and 12 loci to 95 accessions and 10 loci,and further to 42 species(and 7736 aligned nucleotides) to achieve stationary distributions in the Bayesian molecular clock *** from a relaxed clock with an uncorrelated rates model and fossil-based calibration reveal that New World species are monophyletic and diverged from their mostly Asian sister clade some 30 mya,fitting with many other Beringian *** split between the single North American and the single South American clade occurred approximately 25 mya,well before the closure of the Panamanian ***,the biogeographic history of Ephedra appears dominated by long-distance dispersal,but finer-scale studies are needed to test this hypothesis.

关键词： biogeography Ephedra relaxed molecular clock dating uncorrelated rates model.