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Childhood sleep:assessments,risk factors,and potential mechanisms

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 105-121页

作者： Jianghong Liu Xiaopeng Ji Elizabeth Rovit susannah Pitt Terri Lipman School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania418 Curie Blvd.Room 426Claire M.Fagin HallPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA School of Nursing College of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Geisinger Commonwealth School of medicine ScrantonPA 18510USA

Background Sleep problem is a highly prevalent health issue among pediatric populations across the *** this review,we aimed to identify risk factors contributing to sleep deficiency and poor sleep hygiene in *** biological,psychosocial,and environmental mechanisms as well as research gaps in the literature are also *** sources A comprehensive search for relevant English language full-text,peer-reviewed publications was performed focusing on pediatric sleep studies from prenatal to childhood and adolescence in a variety of indexes in Pubmed,SCOPUS,and Psych *** relevant data based and systematic reviews are *** This paper summarizes many risk factors for childhood sleep problems,including biological(e.g.,genetics,gender,age and puberty,prenatal factors,postnatal factors);nutritional(e.g.,macronutrients,micronutrients,omega-3 fatty acids,obesity);environmental(e.g.,heavy metals,noise,light,air pollution);interpersonal(e.g.,family,exposure to violence,screen media use,physical injury);and community/socioeconomic variables(e.g.,racial/ethnicity and cultural factors,neighborhood conditions and socioeconomic status,school factors,public health disasters/emergencies),to better understand the development of sleep problems in *** Poor childhood sleep is a multifactorial issue affected by a wide range of prenatal and early-life biological,environmental,and psychosocial risk factors and contributors.A better understanding of these risk factors and their mechanisms is an important first step to develop future research and prevention programs focusing on pediatric sleep problems.

关键词： Child sleep Pediatrics Risk factor mechanisms

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Childhood sleep:physical,cognitive,and behavioral consequences and implications

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 122-132页

作者： Jianghong Liu Xiaopeng Ji susannah Pitt Guanghai Wang Elizabeth Rovit Terri Lipman Fan Jiang School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania418 Curie Blvd.Room 424Claire M.Fagin HallPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA College of Health Sciences University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Geisinger Commonwealth School of medicine ScrantonPA 18510USA Pediatric Translational medicine Institute Department of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Sleep problems in children have been increasingly recognized as a major public health *** research has extensively studied and presented many risk factors and potential mechanisms for children’s sleep *** this paper,we aimed to identify and summarize the consequences and implications of child sleep *** sources A comprehensive search for relevant English language full-text,peer-reviewed publications was performed focusing on pediatric sleep studies from prenatal to childhood and adolescence in a variety of indexes in Pubmed,SCOPUS,and Psych Info published in the past two *** relevant data-based articles and systematic reviews are *** many adverse consequences are associated with child sleep deficiency and other sleep problems,including physical outcomes(e.g.,obesity),neurocognitive outcomes(e.g.,memory and attention,intelligence,academic performance),and emotional and behavioral outcomes(e.g.,internalizing/externalizing behaviors,behavioral disorders).Current prevention and intervention approaches to address childhood sleep problems include nutrition,exercise,cognitive–behavioral therapy for insomnia,aromatherapy,acupressure,and *** interventions may be particularly important in the context of coronavirus disease *** research and policy strategies can target the risk factors of child sleep as well as the efficacy and accessibility of *** Given the increasing prevalence of child sleep problems,which have been shown to affect children’s physical and neurobehavioral wellbeing,understanding the multi-aspect consequences and intervention programs for childhood sleep is important to inform future research direction as well as a public health practice for sleep screening and intervention,thus improving sleep-related child development and health.

关键词： Behavior Child sleep Consequences Implications Neurocognitive Physical Prevention/intervention

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通过狗的嗅觉发现膀胱癌患者:一项原理循证研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第1期8卷 63-63页

作者： Carolyn m Willis susannah m church Claire m Guest W Andrew Cook Noel mc Carthy Anthea J Bransbury martin R T church John C T church 刘炬

目的：研究经过训练的狗能否通过辨别尿的气味发现比按概率计算更高比率的膀胱癌患者。研究方法：按实验性原理循证研究方法进行实验。训练6只狗辨别膀胱癌患者、其他疾病患者以及健康对照者的尿样。然后，测试它们从7份尿样中辨别出1... 详细信息

目的：研究经过训练的狗能否通过辨别尿的气味发现比按概率计算更高比率的膀胱癌患者。研究方法：按实验性原理循证研究方法进行实验。训练6只狗辨别膀胱癌患者、其他疾病患者以及健康对照者的尿样。然后，测试它们从7份尿样中辨别出1份膀胱癌患者尿样的准确率。

关键词：膀胱癌疾病患者循证研究尿样实验性发现对照嗅觉辨别气味

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Characterizing the Relative Importance Assigned to Physical Variables by Climate Scientists when Assessing Atmospheric Climate model Fidelity

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第9期35卷 1101-1113页

作者： susannah m.BURROWS Aritra DASGUPTA Sarah REEHL Lisa BRAmER Po-Lun mA Philip J.RASCH Yun QIAN Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWashington 99354USA

Evaluating a climate model＇s fidelity（ability to simulate observed climate） is a critical step in establishing confidence in the model＇s suitability for future climate projections, and in tuning climate model parameters. model developers use their judgement in determining which trade-offs between different aspects of model fidelity are acceptable. However, little is known about the degree of consensus in these evaluations, and whether experts use the same criteria when different scientific objectives are defined. Here, we report on results from a broad community survey studying expert assessments of the relative importance of different output variables when evaluating a global atmospheric model＇s mean climate. We find that experts adjust their ratings of variable importance in response to the scientific objective, for instance, scientists rate surface wind stress as significantly more important for Southern Ocean climate than for the water cycle in the Asian watershed. There is greater consensus on the importance of certain variables（e.g., shortwave cloud forcing） than others（e.g., aerosol optical depth）. We find few differences in expert consensus between respondents with greater or less climate modeling experience,and no statistically significant differences between the responses of climate model developers and users. The concise variable lists and community ratings reported here provide baseline descriptive data on current expert understanding of certain aspects of model evaluation, and can serve as a starting point for further investigation, as well as developing more sophisticated evaluation and scoring criteria with respect to specific scientific objectives.

关键词： climate climate model model evaluation numerical model skill expert elicitation

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Allergy 3rd ed.

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2006年

作者： Stephen T. Holgate martin K. church Lawrence m. Lichtenstein

ISBN: (纸本)9780323032278

Highly Commended at 2012 BmA awards in medicine Category. This comprehensive, clinically oriented full-color resource offers you a wealth of detailed information on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of allergic diseases—from asthma to urticaria. Thoroughly updated to reflect today's knowledge, this 3rd Edition features all of the latest developments in allergy and immunology. Plus, a consistent, logical organization puts vital information at your fingertips.

关键词： Allergy.

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急性结肠直肠病变患者濒死时剖腹术是否有意义?

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 9-10页

作者： church J.m. 陈云茹 Department of Colorectal Surgery 9500 Euclid Avenue ClevelandOH44195United States

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal surgeons are sometimes asked to operate on moribund patients, classified by the American Society of Anesthesiology as Class 5-patients who are likely to die with or without surgery. There is a concern that surgery may precipitate the patient’s demise; however, there are few data concerning outcomes in this group. It is, therefore, difficult to counsel patients and their families about the advisability of surgery. This study was performed to show what sort of results can be expected from operating on American Society of Anesthesiology Class 5 patients and to see whether there are any factors that can be used to predict outcome within this American Society of Anesthesiology class. mETHODS: Since march 1989, a prospective database of all surgeries has been maintained. Included in the data is the American Society of Anesthesiology Classification. All patients classified as 5 were identified and their history reviewed. The 30-day postoperative survival was the primary end point of the study. Also abstracted were data on comorbidity, indication for colorectal surgery, surgery performed, length of postoperative hospital stay, estimated intraoperative blood loss, and duration of anesthesia. RESULTS: There were 4,163 surgeries recorded, including 2, 040(49 percent) laparotomies. The-re were 21 laparotomies in American Society of Anesthesiology Class 5 patients (1 percent of all laparotomies). Eighteen surgeries were performed as emergencies, and three were urgent. Nine patients survived 30 days or longer (41 percent), whereas 12 did not. Seven patients lived to be discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSION: Expeditious, safe surgery may save moribund patients with an acute colorectal problem.

关键词：剖腹术结肠直肠麻醉学术中失血量麻醉作用患者治疗结果分类数据存活期预期性

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Flash mX 2004游戏编程 1版

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丛书名： Premier 游戏开发丛书

2005年

作者：（美）Craig S. murray （美）Justin Everett-church 吴红艳文俊浩张勇译

本书介绍了Flash相关编程的知识，如何编写游戏脚本，并介绍了许多游戏开发的重要领域，包括物理学、人工智能、碰撞检测以及碰撞处理等。

ISBN: (纸本)756243364X

本书介绍了Flash相关编程的知识，如何编写游戏脚本，并介绍了许多游戏开发的重要领域，包括物理学、人工智能、碰撞检测以及碰撞处理等。

关键词：网页学科:动画学科:图形软件动画图形软件

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Reference quality assembly of the 3.5-Gb genome of Capsicum annuum from a single linked-read library

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 890-902页

作者： Amanda m.Hulse-Kemp Shamoni maheshwari Kevin Stoffel Theresa A.Hill David Jaffe Stephen R.Williams Neil Weisenfeld Srividya Ramakrishnan Vijay Kumar Preyas Shah michael C.Schatz Deanna m.church Allen Van Deynze Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA USDA-ARS Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit RaleighNCUSA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA 10x Genomics Inc7068 Koll Center ParkwaySuite 401PleasantonCAUSA Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Linked-Read sequencing technology has recently been employed successfully for de novo assembly of human genomes,however,the utility of this technology for complex plant genomes is *** evaluated the technology for this purpose by sequencing the 3.5-gigabase(Gb)diploid pepper(Capsicum annuum)genome with a single Linked-Read *** genomes,including pepper,are characterized by long,highly similar repetitive ***,significant effort is used to ensure that the sequenced plant is highly homozygous and the resulting assembly is a haploid *** a phased assembly approach,we targeted a heterozygous F1 derived from a wide cross to assess the ability to derive both haplotypes and characterize a pungency gene with a large insertion/*** Supernova software generated a highly ordered,more contiguous sequence assembly than all currently available *** reference *** 83%of the final assembly was anchored and oriented using four publicly available de novo linkage maps.A comparison of the annotation of conserved eukaryotic genes indicated the completeness of *** validity of the phased assembly is further demonstrated with the complete recovery of both 2.5-Kb insertion/deletion haplotypes of the PUN1 locus in the F1 sample that represents pungent and nonpungent peppers,as well as nearly full recovery of the BUSCO2 gene set within each of the two *** most contiguous pepper genome assembly to date has been generated which demonstrates that Linked-Read library technology provides a tool to de novo assemble complex highly repetitive heterozygous plant *** technology can provide an opportunity to cost-effectively develop high-quality genome assemblies for other complex plants and compare structural and gene differences through accurate haplotype reconstruction.

关键词： Capsicum pepper insertion

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老年受试者和早期阿尔茨海默病患者普遍存在脑白质损害但与认知功能的关系不同

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 8-9页

作者： Burns J.m. church J.A. Johnson D.K. 方伯言 Department of Neurology University of Kansas School of Medicine 3599 Rainbow Blvd Kansas City KS 66210 United States Dr.

Background: White matter lesions (WmLs) are prevalent in nondemented aging and in Alzheimer disease (AD). Their relationship with cognition in the earliest stages of AD is unknown. Objective: To assess the relationship between WmLs and cognition in nondemented aging and in early-stage AD. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Alzheimer Disease Research Center, St Louis, mo. Participants: Participants were nondemented (n=88) or had very mild (n=48) or mild (n=20) AD. main Outcome measures: Regression coefficients for deep WmLs and periventricular WmLs (PVWmLs) as predictors of cognition, after controlling for age, educational achievement, brain atrophy, and infarctlike lesions. Results: White matter lesions were present in nondemented aging and in early-stage AD, with no group differences in deep WmL burden and a modest PVWmL burden increase in the AD group. The prevalence of infarctlike lesions was equivalent between groups. Age and hypertension were related to deep WmL burden and PVWmL burden. Deep WmL burden and PVWmL burden were associated with reduced global cognition in AD but not in nondemented aging. A PVWmL ×AD status interaction for global cognition suggests that the relationship between PVWmLs and cognition is modified by AD. In AD, global cognitive reductions were related to impairments in visual memory, processing speed, and executive function. Conclusions: White matter lesions are prevalent in nondemented aging and in earlystage AD, and their presence influences cognitive impairment in the earliest stages of AD. Individuals with early-stage AD may be more vulnerable to the cognitive effect of WmLs than nondemented aging individuals with similar WmL burden.

关键词：阿尔茨海默病患者认知功能下降早期阶段脑白质损害受试者老年 AD患者认知功能减退认知功能损害横断面研究

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Effect of Radiant Energy Vacuum on Physical and microbial Properties of Beef Jerky

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2013年第1期3卷 33-39页

作者： John Scott church Carley marie maclntyre Wade Robert Archambault Paul Edward moote Jason Laco Cochran Timothy Douglas Durance Jonathan Douglas Van Hamme Department of Natural Resource Sciences Thompson Rivers University Kamloops British Columbia V2COC8 Canada Department of Biological Sciences Thompson Rivers University Kamloops British Columbia V2C0C8 Canada Department of Physical Sciences Thompson Rivers University Kamloops British Columbia V2COC8 Canada Department of Culinary Arts Thompson Rivers University Kamloops British Columbia V2COC8 Canada Department of Food Science University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia V6TIZ4 Canada

To test the feasibility of radiant energy vacuum （REV） dehydration, a technology that couples microwave cooking with vacuum pressure, on beef jerky preparation, the physical and microbial properties of the final jerky product was compared to conventional preparation methods. Physical characteristics assessed using puncture and shear tests of samples prepared using REV dehydration compared to the traditional method were not statistically different （P 〈 0.05）. moisture content and water activity levels were also very similar between the two products, To test microbiological quality, samples were homogenized in a stomacher and a variety of 3 m Petrifilms were used to evaluate the microbial load. Raw beef harboured low numbers of microbes, but the post-marination pasteurization/smoking step used in both treatments eliminated all culturable microorganisms tested for. To further investigate the ability of REV dehydration to kill microbes, samples were spiked with Listeria innocua after the pasteurization/smoking step but prior to REV dehydration. Samples were taken at different time intervals for microbial enumeration, and a decimal reduction time of 1 min was calculated, with 99.99% of 1.98 × 10^7 CFU g^-1 Listeria being killed in five min. Improved drying times were observed for jerky samples prepared using the REV method offering potential energy savings during jerky preparation.

关键词： microwave food safety dehydration preservation Listeria innocua beef jerky.

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