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Blood glucose response after oral intake of lactulose in healthy volunteers:A randomized,controlled,cross-over study

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2018年第3期9卷 22-30页

作者： Jasmin Steudle Christiane Schon Manfred Wargenau Lioba Pauly susann schwejda-güttes Barbara gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch John F Stover BioTeSys gmbH Esslingen 73728Germany M.A.R.C.O.gmbH and Co.Kg Institute for Clinical Research and StatisticsDüsseldorf 40211Germany Fresenius Kabi Deutschland gmbH Oberursel 61440Germany Fresenius Kabi Austria gmbH Linz 4020Austria

AIM To investigate possible changes of blood glucose levels after oral intake of lactulose in healthy *** The study was performed as prospective, randomized, two-part study with 4-way cross-over design with n = 12 in each study arm. Capillary blood glucose levels were determined over a time period of 180 min after intake of a single dose of 10 g or 20 g lactulose provided as crystal or liquid formulation. During the manufacturing process of lactulose, impurities with sugars(e.g., lactose, fructose, galactose) occur. Water and 20 g glucose were used as control and reference. Because lactulose is used as a functional food ingredient, it may also be consumed by people with impaired glucose tolerance, including diabetics. Therefore, it is of interest to determine whether the described carbohydrate impurities may increase blood glucose levels after ingestion. RESULTS The blood glucose concentration-time curves after intake of 10 g lactulose, 20 g lactulose, and water were almost identical. None of the three applications showed any changes in blood glucose levels. After intake of 20 g glucose, blood glucose concentration increased by approximately 3 mmol/L(mean Cmax = 8.3 mmol/L), reaching maximum levels after approximately 30 min and returning to baseline within approximately 90 min, which was significantly different to the corresponding 20 g lactulose formulations(P g the two lactulose formulations, crystals and liquid, in the dosage of 10 g and 20 g, there was no difference in the blood glucose profile and calculated pharmacokinetic parameters despite the different amounts of carbohydrate impurities(1.5% for crystals and 26.45% for liquid). Anyhow, the absolute amount of single sugars was low with 0.3 g in crystals and 5.29 g in liquid formulation in the 20 g dosages. Lactulose was well tolerated by most volunteers, and only some reported mild to moderate mainly gastrointestinal side effects. CONCLUSION The unchanged blood glucose levels

关键词： Lactulose Functional food ingredient Sugar substitute Blood glucose concentration

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gene complementation analysis indicates that parasitic dodder plants do not depend on the host FT protein for flowering

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 104-108页

作者： Sina Mackelmann Andrea Kanel Lara M.Kosters Peter Lyko Dirk Prufer gundula A.Noll susann Wicke Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of MuensterSchlossplatz 848143 MuensterGermany Institute for Biology Humboldt-University of BerlinHaus 22Philippstr.1310115 BerlinGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Schlossplatz 848143 MuensterGermany

Dear Editor,Cuscuta,a genus of parasitic plants,poses a significant threat to global agriculture due to its broad host range that encompasses numerous cultivated *** plants form specialized feeding organs(haustoria)that connect to the host vascular tissue and import water,nutrients,secondary metabolites,small RNAs,mRNAs,and *** such protein is FT,a peptide hormone and florigen that was recently proposed to cause the synchronization of flowering in the parasite–host system(Shen et al.,2020).

关键词： specialized organs analysis

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矩阵式生产系统既灵活又高效

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现代制造 2024年第2期 41-42页

作者： susann Karcher 不详

制造企业如何对全球危机做出更快的反应,应对供应瓶颈,同时满足客户的个性化需求?信息物理矩阵生产系统被视为灵活且高效生产的关键,这有助于公司提高应变能力,即使在动荡时期也能生存下来。危机和战争导致的供应链中断、临时取消或变... 详细信息

制造企业如何对全球危机做出更快的反应,应对供应瓶颈,同时满足客户的个性化需求?信息物理矩阵生产系统被视为灵活且高效生产的关键,这有助于公司提高应变能力,即使在动荡时期也能生存下来。危机和战争导致的供应链中断、临时取消或变更订单、订单批量越来越小以及产品越来越个性化的趋势,是当今许多制造企业普遍面临的现象。与此同时,为了在全球竞争中生存,企业需要提高生产效率。信息物理矩阵生产系统为数量减少、变型多样性增加和客户需求可预测性较低等市场变化提供了答案。

关键词：全球危机个性化需求全球竞争可预测性矩阵式应变能力供应链中断高效生产

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Scientific guidelines for preclinical research on potentised preparations manufactured according to current pharmacopoeias-the PrePoP guidelines

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期22卷 533-544页

作者： Alexander L.Tournier Leoni V.Bonamin susann Buchheim-Schmidt Steven Cartwright Christoph Dombrowsky Paul Doesburg Carla Holandino Maria Olga Kokornaczyk Everine Bvan de Kraats Jesús Antonio López-Carvallo Papiya Nandy JoséManuel Mazón-Suástegui Fateme Mirzajani Bernard Poitevin Claudia Scherr Karin Thieves Sandra Würtenberger Stephan Baumgartner Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine University of Bern3010 BernBernSwitzerland Institute of Integrative Medicine Witten/Herdecke University58455 WittenNorth Rhine–WestphaliaGermany Homeopathy Research Institute London SW74EFUnited Kingdom graduate Program on Environmental and Experimental Pathology Paulista UniversitySão Paulo 01504-000São PauloBrazil Department of Medical Science Deutsche Homöopathie-Union DHU-Arzneimittel GmbH&Co.KG76227 KarlsruheBaden-WürttembergGermany Cherwell Laboratory for Fundamental Research in Homeopathy Oxford OX28NUOxforeshireUnited Kingdom Society for Cancer Research Hiscia Research Institute4144 ArlesheimBaselSwitzerland Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902Rio de JaneiroBrazil World Water Community Rotterdam 3029AKthe Netherlands Departamento de Acuicultura Facultad de Ciencias del MarUniversidad Católica del Norte1790437 CoquimboElquiChile Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education KolkataWest Bengal 700068West BengalIndia Laboratorio de Homeopatía Acuícola y Semillas Marinas Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del NoroesteLa Paz 23096Baja California SurMexico Protein Research Center Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Department of Medical Laboratory Science College of ScienceKnowledge University44001 ErbilErbilIraq SociétéSavante d’Homéopathie 75009 ParisFrance Sola Salus Institute for Homeopathic Research52511 GeilenkirchenNorth Rhine–WestphaliaGermany Scientific Society for Homeopathy 06366 KöthenSaxony-AnhaltGermany

Objective Pharmacopoeias regulate the manufacture of potentised pharmaceutical preparations used in different branches of complementary and integrative *** physicochemical properties and biological activity of these preparations are often investigated in preclinical research,yet no guidelines for experimental research currently exist in this *** present PrePoP guidelines aim to provide recommendations to promote high-quality,statistically sound,and reproducible preclinical research on potentised *** Input was gathered from researchers nominated by the relevant scientific societies using a simplified Delphi consensus approach covering the most relevant aspects of basic research methodology in the field including appropriate controls,sample preparation and handling,and *** three rounds of feedback,a consensus was finally reached on the most important aspects and considerations for conducting high-quality research on potentised *** We present a series of recommendations on a range of topics including experimental controls,system stability,blinding and randomisation,environmental influences,and procedures for the preparation of potentised samples and controls,and we address some specific challenges of this research *** This expert consensus process resulted in a robust set of methodological guidelines for research on potentised preparations and provides a valuable framework that will inform and improve the quality of subsequent research in this emerging field.

关键词： Research guidelines Fundamental research Basic research Complementary and integrative medicine Potentisation Potentised preparations

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Blood glucose response after oral lactulose intake in type 2 diabetic individuals

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 893-907页

作者： Thomas R Pieber Eva Svehlikova Ines Mursic Tamara Esterl Manfred Wargenau Tina Sartorius Lioba Pauly susann schwejda-guettes Annalena Neumann Valentin Faerber John Friedrich Stover Barbara gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Department of Statistic M.A.R.C.O.GmbH&Co.KGInstitute for Clinical Research and StatisticsDüsseldorf 40211Germany Department of Nutritional CRO BioTeSys GmbHEsslingen 73728Germany Department of Medical&Clinical Affairs Market Access&Education Business Unit Enteral NutritionBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Medical Clinical&Regulatory AffairsBusiness Unit Parenteral NutritionKeto-Analogues and Standard I.V.FluidsFresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbHBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Consultancy Stover-SolutionsZurich 8006Switzerland Market Unit Lactulose Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbHLinz 4020Austria

BACKgROUND Lactulose is approved for the symptomatic treatment of constipation,a gastrointestinal(gI)complication common in individuals with *** products contain carbohydrate impurities(e.g.,lactose,fructose,galactose),which occur during the lactulose manufacturing *** impurities may affect the blood glucose levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using lactulose for the treatment of mild constipation.A previous study in healthy subjects revealed no increase in blood glucose levels after oral lactulose ***,it is still unclear whether the intake of lactulose increases blood glucose levels in individuals with *** To evaluate the blood glucose profile after oral lactulose intake in mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with T2DM in an outpatient *** This prospective,double-blind,randomized,controlled,single-center trial was conducted at the Clinical Research Center at the Medical University of graz,Austria,in 24 adult Caucasian mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with *** subjects were randomized and assigned to one of six treatment sequences,each consisting of four treatments stratified by sex using an incomplete block *** received a single dose of 20 g or 30 g lactulose(crystal and liquid formulation),water as negative control or 30 g glucose as positive *** blood glucose concentrations were measured over a period of 180 min post *** primary endpoint was the baseline-corrected area under the curve of blood glucose concentrations over the complete assessment period[AUC_(baseline_c(0-180 min))].Quantitative comparisons were performed for both lactulose doses and formulations vs water for the equal lactulose dose vs glucose,as well as for liquid lactulose vs crystal *** parameters included gI tolerability,which was assessed at 180 min and 24 h post dose,and adverse events occurring up to 24 h post *** 24 randomized

关键词： Lactulose Constipation Blood glucose Type 2 diabetes mellitus Laxative Sugar substitute

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Effects of plant species richness on stand structure and productivity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第2期2卷 95-106页

作者： Luca Wacker Oksana Baudois susann Eichenberger-glinz Bernhard Schmid Institute of Environmental Sciences University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims Aboveground biomass production commonly increases with species richness in plant biodiversity *** is known about the direct mechanisms that cause this *** tested if by occupying different heights and depths above and below ground,and by optimizing the vertical distribution of leaf nitrogen,species in mixtures can contribute to increased resource uptake and,thus,increased productivity of the community in comparison with *** We grew 24 grassland plant species,grouped into four nonoverlapping species pools,in monoculture and 3-and 6-species mixture in spatially heterogeneous and uniform soil nutrient *** harvests of above-and belowground biomass,as well as leaf nitrogen and light measurements,were taken to assess vertical canopy and root space *** Findings The distribution of leaf mass was shifted toward greater heights and light absorption was correspondingly enhanced in *** ever,only some mixtures had leaf nitrogen concentration profiles predicted to optimize whole-community carbon gain,whereas in other mixtures species seemed to behave more‘selfish’.Nevertheless,even in these communities,biomass production increased with species *** distribution of root biomass below ground did not change from monocultures to three-and six-species mixtures and there was also no indication that mixtures were better than monocultures at extracting heterogeneously as compared to homogeneously distributed soil *** conclude that positive biodiversity effect on aboveground biomass production cannot easily be explained by a single or few common mechanisms of differential space ***,it seems that mechanisms vary with the particular set of species combined in a community.

关键词： biodiversity effects heterogeneous nutrient distribution leaf nitrogen allocation root biomass distribution spatial niche separation

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L1 is a potential marker for poorly-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2006年第1期12卷 94-98页

作者： Jussuf T Kaifi Ulrich Zinnkann Emre F Yekebas Paulus g Schurr Uta Reichelt Robin Wachowiak Henning C Fiegel susann Petri Melitta Schachner Jakob RIzbicki Department of general Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Institute for Pathology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Pediatric Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Center for Molecular Neurobiology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

AIM： To determine the expression of L1 in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and to correlate it with WHO classification of this tumor. METHODS： We retrospectively analyzed L1 expression in 63 cases of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor by immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections of primary tumors or metastases. Staining was performed by peroxidase technique with monoclonal antibody U3127.11 against human L1. All tumors were classified according to WHO classification as well-differentiated neuroendo- crine tumors and carcinomas or poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. RESULTS： LI was detected in 5 （7.9%） of 63 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Four （44.4%） of 9 poorlydifferentiated carcinomas expressed L1. In contrast, only 1 （1.9%） of 54 well-differentiated tumors or carcinomas was positive for LI. No expression was found in Langerhans islet cells of normal pancreatic tissue. Cross table analysis showed a significant association between L1 expression and classification of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION： L1 is specifically expressed in poorlydifferentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas that are known to have the worst prognosis. L1 might be a marker for risk prediction of patients diagnosed with pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas.

关键词： Neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor Tumor markers Cell adhesion molecules L1

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Consumer Attitudes on Salt and Fat Reduced Foods in the Republic of Ireland

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 880-898页

作者： susann Fellendorf Joseph P. Kerry Maurice g. O’Sullivan The Sensory group School of Food and Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland The Food Packaging group School of Food and Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland

Public health campaigns are continually promoting healthier foods and in parallel many food manufacturers are working on recipes low in fat and salt. The following survey investigates how well consumers (n = 1045) in Ireland have assimilated the message of consuming healthier foods, including salt and fat reduced foods, into their diet. It seems that campaigns regarding the importance of a balanced diet have generally been adopted by respondents, as only a minority of the participants did not take care of their diet, independent of age, gender and level of education. More than half of the participants carefully maintained a balanced diet. Furthermore, an increase in purchasing salt reduced food was observed, though fat reduced food products were already better accepted. In general, men, young adults (g a balanced diet. No conflict was observed for traditional foods reduced in salt and fat content when their intrinsic sensory character is maintained. The majority of the participants were aware of the health risks of a diet rich in salt and fat, though less participants transferred this knowledge into their diet. A very high demand for more salt and fat reduced foods on the market was observed although the smaller range of salt and fat reduced products and their higher prices might diminish the level of consumer acceptance. Launching taxation and subsidies in tandem might counteract this and furthermore, user-friendly product labelling schemes are required.

关键词： Survey Reduced Salt Fat Attitudes

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The next-generation sphingosine-1 receptor modulator BAF312(siponimod) improves cortical network functionality in focal autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 1950-1960页

作者： Petra Hundehege Manuela Cerina susann Eichler Christian Thomas Alexander M. Herrmann Kerstin goel Thomas Müntefering Juncal Fernandez-Orth Stefanie Bock Venu Narayanan Thomas Budde Erwin-Josef Speckmann Heinz Wiendl Anna Schubart Tobias Ruck Sven g. Meuth Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology Westfalische Wilhelms-UniversitatMunsterGermany Institute of Physiology I Westfalische Wilhelms-UniversitatMunsterGermany Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research BaselSwitzerland

Autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system(CNS) like multiple sclerosis(MS) are characterized by inflammation and demyelinated lesions in white and grey matter regions. While inflammation is present at all stages of MS, it is more pronounced in the relapsing forms of the disease, whereas progressive MS(PMS) shows significant neuroaxonal damage and grey and white matter atrophy. Hence, disease-modifying treatments beneficial in patients with relapsing MS have limited success in PMS. BAF312(siponimod) is a novel sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator shown to delay progression in PMS. Besides reducing inflammation by sequestering lymphocytes in lymphoid tissues, BAF312 crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds its receptors on neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. To evaluate potential direct neuroprotective effects, BAF312 was systemically or locally administered in the CNS of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice with distinct grey-and white-matter lesions(focal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using an osmotic mini-pump). Ex-vivo flow cytometry revealed that systemic but not local BAF312 administration lowered immune cell infiltration in animals with both grey and white matter lesions. Ex-vivo voltage-sensitive dye imaging of acute brain slices revealed an altered spatio-temporal pattern of activation in the lesioned cortex compared to controls in response to electrical stimulation of incoming white-matter fiber tracts. Here, BAF312 administration showed partial restore of cortical neuronal circuit function. The data suggest that BAF312 exerts a neuroprotective effect after crossing the blood-brain barrier independently of peripheral effects on immune cells. Experiments were carried out in accordance with german and EU animal protection law and approved by local authorities(Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen;87-51.04.2010.A331) on December 28, 2010.

关键词： multiple sclerosis focal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis cortical grey matter white matter BAF312 neuroaxonal damage neuroprotection

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大陆集团总部

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现代装饰 2024年第3期 32-41页

作者： Arsen Aliverdiev(设计) Michael Bertram(设计) Kerstin El-Khawad(设计) gunter Fleitz(设计) Eva Perez Fons(设计) Lisa Holler(设计) Leticia Hutchings(设计) Peter Ippolito(设计) Christiane Klinner(设计) susann Kreplin(设计) Frank Lakmann(设计) Tim Lessmann(设计) Eleonora Mannisi(设计) Thomas Mura(设计) Maria Cristina Orizzonte(设计) Jana Stumpe(设计) Bradley Wheeler(设计) Elisabed Zautashvili(设计) Werner Huthmacher(摄影) Ippolito Fleitz group(摄影) 不详

“The Future in Motion”是大陆集团的座右铭,而大陆集团的品牌“Continental”则代表着面向未来、可持续发展和团结协作的理念。由于原集团总部的面积不再能满足公司的未来发展,大陆集团决定在德国汉诺威毗邻城市森林的位置新建一座... 详细信息

“The Future in Motion”是大陆集团的座右铭,而大陆集团的品牌“Continental”则代表着面向未来、可持续发展和团结协作的理念。由于原集团总部的面积不再能满足公司的未来发展,大陆集团决定在德国汉诺威毗邻城市森林的位置新建一座总部。新总部的设计以共享办公为概念,可为多达2400名员工提供工作场所。新楼经过五年建设,于2023年12月投入使用。

关键词：集团总部德国汉诺威可持续发展团结协作大陆座右铭

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