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Effects of plant species richness on stand structure and productivity

Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第2期2卷 95-106页

作者： Luca Wacker Oksana Baudois susann eichenberger-glinz Bernhard Schmid Institute of Environmental Sciences University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims Aboveground biomass production commonly increases with species richness in plant biodiversity *** is known about the direct mechanisms that cause this *** tested if by occupying different heights and depths above and below ground,and by optimizing the vertical distribution of leaf nitrogen,species in mixtures can contribute to increased resource uptake and,thus,increased productivity of the community in comparison with *** We grew 24 grassland plant species,grouped into four nonoverlapping species pools,in monoculture and 3-and 6-species mixture in spatially heterogeneous and uniform soil nutrient *** harvests of above-and belowground biomass,as well as leaf nitrogen and light measurements,were taken to assess vertical canopy and root space *** Findings The distribution of leaf mass was shifted toward greater heights and light absorption was correspondingly enhanced in *** ever,only some mixtures had leaf nitrogen concentration profiles predicted to optimize whole-community carbon gain,whereas in other mixtures species seemed to behave more‘selfish’.Nevertheless,even in these communities,biomass production increased with species *** distribution of root biomass below ground did not change from monocultures to three-and six-species mixtures and there was also no indication that mixtures were better than monocultures at extracting heterogeneously as compared to homogeneously distributed soil *** conclude that positive biodiversity effect on aboveground biomass production cannot easily be explained by a single or few common mechanisms of differential space ***,it seems that mechanisms vary with the particular set of species combined in a community.

关键词： biodiversity effects heterogeneous nutrient distribution leaf nitrogen allocation root biomass distribution spatial niche separation

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Monitoring stratification of anode biofilms in bioelectrochemical laminar flow reactors using flow cytometry

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第4期4卷 18-25页

作者： Yuting Guo Luis FMRosa susann Muller Falk Harnisch Department of Environmental Microbiology Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research e UFZPermoserstrasse 1504318LeipzigGermany

A laminar flow bioelectrochemical systems(BES)was designed and benchmarked using microbial anodes dominated with Geobacter *** reactor architecture was based on modeled flow fields,the resulting structure was 3D printed and used for BES *** of the substrate availability within the reactor channels led to heterogeneous biomass distribution,with the maximum biomass found mainly in the initial/middle *** anode performance was assessed for different hydraulic retention times while coulombic efficiencies of up to 100%(including also hydrogen recycling from the cathode)and current densities of up to 75 μA cm^(-2) at an anode surface to volume ratio of 1770 cm^(2) L^(-1) after 35 days were *** low current density can be clearly attributed to the heterogeneous distributions of biomass and the stratification of the microbial community ***,it was shown that time and space resolved analysis of the reactor microbiomes per channel is feasible using flow cytometry.

关键词： Microbial electrochemical technology Flow cytometry Laminar flow Microbial community Electroactive microorganisms

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Influence of Beliefs and Representations of the Psyche in the Post-Breast Cancer Period

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Psycho-Oncologie 2024年第4期18卷 349-357页

作者： Virginie Di Silverio susann Heenen-Wolff Jochem Willemsen Patrick Derleyn Institut de recherche en sciences psychologiques Universitécatholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve1348Belgique Service d’oncologie-hématologie Grand Hôpital de CharleroiCharleroi6000Belgique Centre d’études pathoanalytiques Bruxelles BelgiqueConsultant pour l’analyse du Szondi auprès deséquipes du service psycho-social du ministère de la JusticeBruxelles1000Belgique

For some,the announcement of a cancerous illness awakens or reinforces representations linked to the presumed power of the psyche over the *** psychosomatic theories underline the importance of a specific psychic functioning as the guarantor of good somatic *** our view,confusion in the understanding of such concepts has effects on the aftermath for women with breast *** study was carried out by six women with breast cancer and focused on the influence of beliefs and representations of breast cancer on how they experienced the acute post-treatment phase of an oncology care *** identify a possible link between beliefs and representations held by the patient,his or her family,and/or caregivers,and the possible reinforcement of defensive psychic movement we call“Transient Secondary Obsessional Movement”(TSOM).Longitudinal qualitative research using a combined approach involving non-directive clinical interviews and a projective test,the Szondi.A study focusing on two specific phases of the oncology care pathway:treatment(T1)and acute post-treatment(T2).An individual and cross-sectional analysis of the twelve Szondi protocols and a thematic analysis of non-directive clinical interviews were carried *** results corroborate the identification of specific psychic movements for these six *** T1,we observe a major need to cling,a psychic lability favoring the fixation of reassuring discourse and repression of *** T1 and T2,we identify a decathexis of the Ego and the presence of obsessional traits independent of the women’s psychic *** T2,there is a lifting of repression,a heightened sense of injustice,and a gradual new psychic *** psychic movement that takes place at T2 is the transition from the desire to“stay as before”(T1)to“I thought I’d go back to being as before”.The post-cancer period often reflects a dissonance between psychic time and medical time:an announced“healing”of breast cancer does not necessar

关键词： Power of the psyché psychic healing post-cancer breast cancer

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Gene complementation analysis indicates that parasitic dodder plants do not depend on the host FT protein for flowering

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 104-108页

作者： Sina Mackelmann Andrea Kanel Lara M.Kosters Peter Lyko Dirk Prufer Gundula A.Noll susann Wicke Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of MuensterSchlossplatz 848143 MuensterGermany Institute for Biology Humboldt-University of BerlinHaus 22Philippstr.1310115 BerlinGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Schlossplatz 848143 MuensterGermany

Dear Editor,Cuscuta,a genus of parasitic plants,poses a significant threat to global agriculture due to its broad host range that encompasses numerous cultivated *** plants form specialized feeding organs(haustoria)that connect to the host vascular tissue and import water,nutrients,secondary metabolites,small RNAs,mRNAs,and *** such protein is FT,a peptide hormone and florigen that was recently proposed to cause the synchronization of flowering in the parasite–host system(Shen et al.,2020).

关键词： specialized organs analysis

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APPLICATION OF THE API COMPENDIUM TO EXAMINE POTENTIAL METHANE EMISSION REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES

APPLICATION OF THE API COMPENDIUM TO EXAMINE POTENTIAL METHA...

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第三届国际甲烷与氧化亚氮减排技术大会

作者： Ritter Karin Nordrum,susann ChevronTexaco Shires Theresa American Petroleum Institute(API) URS Corporation

To assist its members and to serve as a reference source,the American Petroleum Institute(API)developed a Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry(API,2001)that documents calculation techniques and emission factors for developing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions inventories for oil and gas industry *** addition to inventory development,the methodologies provided in the Compendium are also useful for analyzing GHG emission *** understanding of the reduction potential associated with a variety of voluntary actions is valuable to the oil and gas industry,as well as API member *** a continued effort to enhance the real-world application of the Compendium,API is examining the applicability of the Compendium to assess emission reductions from a number of specific *** paper presents findings from this study to evaluate,quantify,and document emission *** quantitative examples targeted toward CH reductions,this paper examines the applicability of the Compendium and potential methodological *** discusses technical considerations associated with baseline assessment,as well as estimating pre-and post-project emissions.

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Consumer Attitudes on Salt and Fat Reduced Foods in the Republic of Ireland

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 880-898页

作者： susann Fellendorf Joseph P. Kerry Maurice G. O’Sullivan The Sensory Group School of Food and Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland The Food Packaging Group School of Food and Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland

Public health campaigns are continually promoting healthier foods and in parallel many food manufacturers are working on recipes low in fat and salt. The following survey investigates how well consumers (n = 1045) in Ireland have assimilated the message of consuming healthier foods, including salt and fat reduced foods, into their diet. It seems that campaigns regarding the importance of a balanced diet have generally been adopted by respondents, as only a minority of the participants did not take care of their diet, independent of age, gender and level of education. More than half of the participants carefully maintained a balanced diet. Furthermore, an increase in purchasing salt reduced food was observed, though fat reduced food products were already better accepted. In general, men, young adults (<30 years) and lower educated people purchased less salt and fat reduced foods and took less care in maintaining a balanced diet. No conflict was observed for traditional foods reduced in salt and fat content when their intrinsic sensory character is maintained. The majority of the participants were aware of the health risks of a diet rich in salt and fat, though less participants transferred this knowledge into their diet. A very high demand for more salt and fat reduced foods on the market was observed although the smaller range of salt and fat reduced products and their higher prices might diminish the level of consumer acceptance. Launching taxation and subsidies in tandem might counteract this and furthermore, user-friendly product labelling schemes are required.

关键词： Survey Reduced Salt Fat Attitudes

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矩阵式生产系统既灵活又高效

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现代制造 2024年第2期 41-42页

作者： susann Karcher 不详

制造企业如何对全球危机做出更快的反应,应对供应瓶颈,同时满足客户的个性化需求?信息物理矩阵生产系统被视为灵活且高效生产的关键,这有助于公司提高应变能力,即使在动荡时期也能生存下来。危机和战争导致的供应链中断、临时取消或变... 详细信息

制造企业如何对全球危机做出更快的反应,应对供应瓶颈,同时满足客户的个性化需求?信息物理矩阵生产系统被视为灵活且高效生产的关键,这有助于公司提高应变能力,即使在动荡时期也能生存下来。危机和战争导致的供应链中断、临时取消或变更订单、订单批量越来越小以及产品越来越个性化的趋势,是当今许多制造企业普遍面临的现象。与此同时,为了在全球竞争中生存,企业需要提高生产效率。信息物理矩阵生产系统为数量减少、变型多样性增加和客户需求可预测性较低等市场变化提供了答案。

关键词：全球危机个性化需求全球竞争可预测性矩阵式应变能力供应链中断高效生产

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Blood glucose response after oral lactulose intake in type 2 diabetic individuals

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 893-907页

作者： Thomas R Pieber Eva Svehlikova Ines Mursic Tamara Esterl Manfred Wargenau Tina Sartorius Lioba Pauly susann Schwejda-Guettes Annalena Neumann Valentin Faerber John Friedrich Stover Barbara Gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Department of Statistic M.A.R.C.O.GmbH&Co.KGInstitute for Clinical Research and StatisticsDüsseldorf 40211Germany Department of Nutritional CRO BioTeSys GmbHEsslingen 73728Germany Department of Medical&Clinical Affairs Market Access&Education Business Unit Enteral NutritionBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Medical Clinical&Regulatory AffairsBusiness Unit Parenteral NutritionKeto-Analogues and Standard I.V.FluidsFresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbHBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Consultancy Stover-SolutionsZurich 8006Switzerland Market Unit Lactulose Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbHLinz 4020Austria

BACKGROUND Lactulose is approved for the symptomatic treatment of constipation,a gastrointestinal(GI)complication common in individuals with *** products contain carbohydrate impurities(e.g.,lactose,fructose,galactose),which occur during the lactulose manufacturing *** impurities may affect the blood glucose levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using lactulose for the treatment of mild constipation.A previous study in healthy subjects revealed no increase in blood glucose levels after oral lactulose ***,it is still unclear whether the intake of lactulose increases blood glucose levels in individuals with *** To evaluate the blood glucose profile after oral lactulose intake in mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with T2DM in an outpatient *** This prospective,double-blind,randomized,controlled,single-center trial was conducted at the Clinical Research Center at the Medical University of Graz,Austria,in 24 adult Caucasian mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with *** subjects were randomized and assigned to one of six treatment sequences,each consisting of four treatments stratified by sex using an incomplete block *** received a single dose of 20 g or 30 g lactulose(crystal and liquid formulation),water as negative control or 30 g glucose as positive *** blood glucose concentrations were measured over a period of 180 min post *** primary endpoint was the baseline-corrected area under the curve of blood glucose concentrations over the complete assessment period[AUC_(baseline_c(0-180 min))].Quantitative comparisons were performed for both lactulose doses and formulations vs water for the equal lactulose dose vs glucose,as well as for liquid lactulose vs crystal *** parameters included GI tolerability,which was assessed at 180 min and 24 h post dose,and adverse events occurring up to 24 h post *** 24 randomized

关键词： Lactulose Constipation Blood glucose Type 2 diabetes mellitus Laxative Sugar substitute

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Collagen/hyaluronan based hydrogels releasing sulfated hyaluronan improve dermal wound healing in diabetic mice via reducing inflammatory macrophage activity

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第12期6卷 4342-4359页

作者： Sophia Hauck Paula Zager Norbert Halfter Elke Wandel Marta Torregrossa Ainur Kakpenova Sandra Rother Michelle Ordieres susann Räthel Albrecht Berg Stephanie Möller Matthias Schnabelrauch Jan C.Simon Vera Hintze Sandra Franz Department of Dermatology Venerology und AllergologyLeipzig University04103LeipzigGermany Institute of Materials Science Max Bergmann Center for BiomaterialsTechnische Universitǎt Dresden01069DresdenGermany Biomaterials Department INNOVENT e.V.JenaGermany

Sustained inflammation associated with dysregulated macrophage activation prevents tissue formation and healing of chronic *** of inflammation and immune cell functions thus represents a promising approach in the development of advanced therapeutic *** we describe immunomodulatory hyaluronan/collagen(HA-AC/coll)-based hydrogels containing high-sulfated hyaluronan(sHA)as immunoregulatory component for the modulation of inflammatory macrophage activities in disturbed wound *** sHA downregulates inflammatory activities of bone marrow-derived and tissue-resident macrophages in *** further affects macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory activation of skin cells as shown in skin ex-vivo *** a mouse model of acute skin inflammation,intradermal injection of sHA downregulates the inflammatory processes in the *** is associated with the promotion of an anti-inflammatory gene signature in skin macrophages indicating a shift of their activation *** in vivo translation,we designed HA-AC/coll hydrogels allowing delivery of sHA into wounds over a period of at least one *** immunoregulatory capacity was analyzed in a translational experimental approach in skin wounds of diabetic db/db mice,an established model for disturbed wound *** sHA-releasing hydrogels improved defective tissue repair with reduced inflammation,augmented pro-regenerative macrophage activation,increased vascularization,and accelerated new tissue formation and wound closure.

关键词： 4-6):sulfated hyaluronan Macrophages Immunomodulation Chronic wounds Hydrogel Skin inflammation

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The next-generation sphingosine-1 receptor modulator BAF312(siponimod) improves cortical network functionality in focal autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 1950-1960页

作者： Petra Hundehege Manuela Cerina susann Eichler Christian Thomas Alexander M. Herrmann Kerstin Goel Thomas Müntefering Juncal Fernandez-Orth Stefanie Bock Venu Narayanan Thomas Budde Erwin-Josef Speckmann Heinz Wiendl Anna Schubart Tobias Ruck Sven G. Meuth Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology Westfalische Wilhelms-UniversitatMunsterGermany Institute of Physiology I Westfalische Wilhelms-UniversitatMunsterGermany Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research BaselSwitzerland

Autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system(CNS) like multiple sclerosis(MS) are characterized by inflammation and demyelinated lesions in white and grey matter regions. While inflammation is present at all stages of MS, it is more pronounced in the relapsing forms of the disease, whereas progressive MS(PMS) shows significant neuroaxonal damage and grey and white matter atrophy. Hence, disease-modifying treatments beneficial in patients with relapsing MS have limited success in PMS. BAF312(siponimod) is a novel sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator shown to delay progression in PMS. Besides reducing inflammation by sequestering lymphocytes in lymphoid tissues, BAF312 crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds its receptors on neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. To evaluate potential direct neuroprotective effects, BAF312 was systemically or locally administered in the CNS of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice with distinct grey-and white-matter lesions(focal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using an osmotic mini-pump). Ex-vivo flow cytometry revealed that systemic but not local BAF312 administration lowered immune cell infiltration in animals with both grey and white matter lesions. Ex-vivo voltage-sensitive dye imaging of acute brain slices revealed an altered spatio-temporal pattern of activation in the lesioned cortex compared to controls in response to electrical stimulation of incoming white-matter fiber tracts. Here, BAF312 administration showed partial restore of cortical neuronal circuit function. The data suggest that BAF312 exerts a neuroprotective effect after crossing the blood-brain barrier independently of peripheral effects on immune cells. Experiments were carried out in accordance with German and EU animal protection law and approved by local authorities(Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen;87-51.04.2010.A331) on December 28, 2010.

关键词： multiple sclerosis focal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis cortical grey matter white matter BAF312 neuroaxonal damage neuroprotection

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