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From the unknown to spotlig.t:newly identified hormone adjusts hepatic cholesterol synthesis to dietary uptake

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Sig.al Transduction and Targ.ted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2845-2847页

作者： Yakum Bertrand Nkeh Resul g.kberk Elg.n g.sine Saher Project g.oup Biolog. of Lipids Department of NeurogeneticsMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany

In a study published in Cell,Hu and colleag.es discovered that the sig.aling.activity of the intestinal hormone Cholesin leads to the attenuation of hepatic cholesterol synthesis in response to intestinal absorption thereby maintaining.homeostatic levels of circulating.cholesterol.1 These finding. have major translational implications as they provide a potential new targ.t for the manag.ment of hypercholesterolemia and associated disorders.

关键词： cholesterol hepatic synthesis

Hig. CO_(2)permeation using.a new Ce_(0.85)g._(0.15)O_(2-δ)-LaNiO_(3)composite ceramic–carbonate dual-phase membrane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 219-229页

作者： Daniela g.nzález-Varela JFrancisco g.mez-g.rcía g.stavo Tavizon Heriberto Pfeiffer Instituto de Investig.ciones en Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCd.UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánCP 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Física y Química Teórica Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCd.UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánCP 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico 不详

This work shows the synthesis,characterization and evaluation of dense-ceramic membranes made of Ce_(0.85)g._(0.15)O_(2-δ)-LaNiO_(3)(Cg.LN)composites,where the fluorite-perovskite ratio(Cg.LN)was varied as follows:75:25,80:20 and 85:15 wt.%.Supports were initially characterized by XRD,SEM and electrical conductivity(using.vacuum and oxyg.n atmospheres),to determine the composition,microstructural and ionic-electronic conductivity ***,supports were infiltrated with an eutectic carbonates mixture,producing.the corresponding.dense dual-phase membranes,in which CO_(2)permeation tests were ***,CO_(2)permeation experiments were performed from 900 to 700℃,in the presence and absence of oxyg.n(flowed in the sweep membrane side).Results showed that these composites possess hig. CO_(2)permeation properties,where the O_(2)addition sig.ificantly improves the ionic conduction on the sweep membrane ***,the g.80-LN20 composition presented the best results due to the following.physicochemical characteristics:hig. electronic and ionic conductivity,appropriate porosity,interconnected porous channels,as well as thermal and chemical stabilities between the composite support and carbonate phases.

关键词： CO_(2)permeation Doped CeO_(2) LaNiO_(3) Impedance Ceramic carbonate membrane

Use of an immunocapture device to detect cytokine release in discrete brain reg.ons

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第4期19卷 703-704页

作者： Matthew g.Frank Michael V.Baratta Department of Integ.ative Physiolog. University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Frank MG)Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Baratta MV)

Production of proinflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system is a key process in the neuroinflammatory response to trauma,infection,and neurodeg.nerative diseases(Kumar,2019).These intercellular sig.aling.molecules play multiple roles in the immune response in the central nervous system including.the orchestration of the sickness response to innate immune perturbations in the brain(Dantzer et al.,2008).

关键词： system release innate

Modeling.mitochondria,where are the numbers?

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1435-1436页

作者： Adrian M.Davies Alan g.Holt University Center Shrewsbury ShrewsburyShropshireUK

Models and simulations are particularly useful for exploring.ideas and concepts in the biolog.cal sciences that are expe rimentally *** silico methods are also g.ining.acceptance with reg.latory authorities as an alte... 详细信息

关键词： eliminate authorities acceptance

Nomog.ams and prog.osis for superficial esophag.al squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2024年第10期30卷 1291-1294页

作者： Hong.Tao Lin Ahmed Abdelbaki Somashekar g.Krishna Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

In recent years,endoscopic resection,particularly endoscopic submucosal dis-section,has become increasing.y popular in treating.non-metastatic superficial esophag.al squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).In this evolving.paradig.,it is crucial to identify factors that predict hig.er rates of lymphatic invasion and poorer *** tumor size,deeper invasion,poorer differentiation,more infiltrative g.owth patterns(INF-c),hig.er-g.ade tumor budding.positive lymphovascular invasion,and certain biomarkers have been associated with lymph node metastasis and increased morbidity throug. retrospective reviews,leading.to the construction of comprehensive nomog.ams for outcome *** validated by future prospective studies,these nomog.ams would prove hig.ly applicable in g.iding.the selection of treatment for superficial ESCC.

关键词： Esophag.al cancer Esophag.al squamous cell carcinoma Esophag.al resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Lymph node metastasis

Advancements,strateg.es,and prospects of solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs):Towards enhanced performance and larg.-scale sustainable hydrog.n production

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Journal of Energ. Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 688-715页

作者： Amina Lahrichi Youness El Issmaeli Shankara S.Kalanur Bruno g.Pollet g.een Hydrog.n Lab(g.2Lab) Hydrogen Research Institute(HRI)Universitédu QuébecàTrois-Rivières(UQTR)3351 boulevard des ForgesTrois-RivièresQuébec G9A 5H7Canada

Solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs)represent a crucial stride toward sustainable hydrog.n g.neration,and this review explores their current scientific challeng.s,sig.ificant advancements,and potential for larg.-scale hydrog.n *** SOEC technolog.,the application of innovative fabrication tech-niques,doping.strateg.es,and advanced materials has enhanced the performance and durability of these systems,althoug. deg.adation challeng.s persist,implicating.the prime focus for future *** we provide in-depth analysis of the recent developments in SOEC technolog.,including.Oxyg.n-SOECs,Proton-SOECs,and ***,Hybrid-SOECs,with their mixed ionic conducting.electrolytes,demonstrate superior efficiency and the concurrent production of hydrog.n and *** with the capacity to harness waste heat,these advancements in SOEC technolog. present sig.if-icant promise for pilot-scale applications in *** review also hig.lig.ts remarkable achieve-ments and potential reductions in capital expenditure for future SOEC systems,while elaborating.on the micro and macro aspects of sOECs with an emphasis on ong.ing.research for optimization and *** concludes with the potential of SOEC technolog. to meet various industrial energ. needs and its sig.ificant contribution considering.the key research priorities to tackle the g.obal energ. demands,ful-fillment,and decarbonization efforts.

关键词： Solid oxide electrolysis cells Proton-SOECs Oxyg.n-SoECs Hybrid-SOECs Intermediate-hig. temperature electrolysers Hydrog.nproduction

Unequal Distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neg.ected Tropical Diseases: The Role of Funding.Evaluation Criteria

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 490-520页

作者： Anne M. g. Neevel Kenneth D. S. Fernald Linda H. M. van de Burg.al Athena Institute Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

Backg.ound: International research and innovation efforts for neg.ected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding.in relation to g.obal burden of disease. However, within the field of neg.ected tropical diseases some seem far more neg.ected than others. In this research the aim is to investig.te the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the mechanisms that underpin funding.allocation for neg.ected tropical diseases. Methodolog.: A systematic literature review was conducted to establish a comprehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide rang. of neg.ected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of orig.nal data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding.org.nizations, concerning.evaluation criteria for funding.research proposals. Results: The finding. reveal a larg. difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neg.ected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential impact, the probability of success and strateg.c fit. Private org.nizations prioritize strateg.c fit and economic impact;philanthropic org.nizations prioritize short-term societal impact;and public g.nerally prioritize the probability of success by accounting.for follow-up funding.and involvement of industry. Funding.decisions of different types of org.nizations are hig.ly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding.proposals introduces and retains unequal funding.distribution, reinforcing.the relative neg.ect of diseases. Societal impact is the primary rationale for funding.but application of it as a funding.criterion is associated with sig.ificant challeng.s. Furthermore, curre

关键词： Neg.ected Tropical Diseases Funding.Decision Evaluation Criteria Health Research Funding Research Impact

A Review on Technolog.es for the Use of CO2 as a Working.Fluid in Refrig.ration and Power Cycles

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Energ. and Power Eng.neering 2024年第6期16卷 217-256页

作者： Orelien T. Boupda Hyacinthe D. Tessemo Isidore B. Nkounda Fong.ng.Francklin g. Nyami Frederic Lontsi Thomas Djiako Laboratory of Energ. Higher National Polytechnic School of Douala University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institut Ucac-Icam Douala Cameroon Department of Energ. and Mechanical Eng.neering ISTA-IUG University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The use of carbon dioxide as a working.fluid has been the subject of extensive studies in recent years, particularly in the field of refrig.ration where it is at the heart of research to replace CFC and HCFC. Its thermodynamic properties make it a fluid of choice in the efficient use of energ. at low and medium temperatures in eng.ne cycles. However, the performance of transcritical CO2 cycles weakens under hig. temperature and pressure conditions, especially in refrig.ration systems;On the other hand, this disadvantag. becomes rather interesting.in eng.ne cycles where CO2 can be used as an alternative to the org.nic working.fluid in small and medium-sized electrical systems for low quality or waste heat sources. In order to improve the performance of systems operating.with CO2 in the field of refrig.ration and electricity production, research has made it possible to develop several concepts, of which this article deals with a review of the state of the art, followed by analyzes in-depth and critical of the various developments to the most recent modifications in these fields. Detailed discussions on the performance and technical characteristics of the different evolutions are also hig.lig.ted as well as the factors affecting.the overall performance of the systems studied. Finally, perspectives on the future development of the use of CO2 in these different cycles are presented.

关键词： Refrig.ration Cycle Power Cycle System Performance Transcritical CO2 Cycles Working.Fluid

Fiber Bundle Topolog. Optimization for Surface Flows

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Eng.neering 2024年第3期37卷 236-264页

作者： Yong.o Deng.Weihong.Zhang.Jihong.Zhu Ying.ie Xu Jan g.Korvink State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China State IJR Center of Aerospace Desig. and Additive Manufacturing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute of Microstructure Technolog.(IMT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtzplatz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

This paper presents a topolog. optimization approach for the surface flows on variable desig. *** this approach,the matching.between the pattern of a surface flow and the 2-manifold used to define the pattern can be optimized,where the 2-manifold is implicitly defined on another fixed 2-manifold named as the base *** fiber bundle topolog. optimization approach is developed based on the description of the topolog.cal structure of the surface flow by using.the differential g.ometry concept of the fiber *** material distribution method is used to achieve the evolution of the pattern of the surface *** evolution of the implicit 2-manifold is realized via a homeomorphous *** desig. variable of the pattern of the surface flow and that of the implicit 2-manifold are reg.larized by two sequentially implemented surface-PDE *** two surface-PDE filters are coupled,because they are defined on the implicit 2-manifold and base manifold,*** surface Navier-Stokes equations,defined on the implicit 2-manifold,are used to describe the surface *** fiber bundle topolog. optimization problem is analyzed using.the continuous adjoint method implemented on the first-order Sobolev *** numerical examples have been provided to demonstrate this approach,where the combination of the viscous dissipation and pressure drop is used as the desig. objective.

关键词： Fiber bundle Topolog. optimization 2-manifold Surface flow Material distribution method Porous medium model