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Close up observation and inversion of low-altitude ENA emissions during a substorm event

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第6期62卷 1024-1032页

作者： li lU susan mCKENNA-lAWlOR Jan BAlAZ National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Technology Ireland Ltd. Maynooth Co.Kildare Institute of Experimental Physics

During a series of substorm events on November 12 2004, the Neutral Atom Detector Unit(NUADU) flying onboard the TC-2 spacecraft observed, close to perigee, bright low-altitude Energetic Neutral Atom(ENA) emissions from both north and south poles. Through utilizing high temporal and spatial resolution data inversion techniques we present here a global view the associated processes of energetic ion deposition and injection at the uniquely high temporal resolution of a few minutes. It is demonstrated that the ENA emissions observed came mainly from the, low-altitude, high magnetic latitude polar region. Since precipitating ions follow magnetic field lines and have more chance to produce ENA emissions through charge exchange ***, the employment of a low-orbit satellite to record at high temporal and spatial resolution ENA image data is inferred to be the best way to monitor those dynamic ring current variations that occur during geomagnetic activity.

关键词： low-altitude ENA emissions ENA image inversion Pitch angle distribution Ion injection Ion deposition

A New Restarting Adaptive Trust-Region method for Unconstrained Optimization

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2017年第4期5卷 487-507页

作者： morteza Kimiaei susan Ghaderi Department of mathematics Asadabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityAsadabadIran Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceRazi UniversityKermanshahIran

In this paper,we present a new adaptive trust-region method for solving nonlinear unconstrained optimization *** precisely,a trust-region radius based on a nonmonotone technique uses an approximation of Hessian which is adaptively *** produce a suitable trust-region radius;preserve the global convergence under classical assumptions to the first-order critical points;improve the practical performance of the new algorithm compared to other exiting ***,the quadratic convergence rate is established under suitable *** results on the CUTEst test collection of unconstrained problems are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm compared with some exiting methods.

关键词： Unconstrained optimization Trust-region methods Nonmonotone technique Adaptive radius Theoretical convergence

Fundamental aspects of postharvest heat treatments

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 176-182页

作者： susan lurie Romina Pedreschi Department of Posthavest Science The Volcani CenterAROBet Dagan 50250Israel Pontificia Universidad Cato′lica de Valparaı′so Escuela de Agronomı′aLa PalmaQuillotaChile

Heat treatments have been investigated for use in many aspects of postharvest *** have been developed for insect control,prevention of fungal development and prevention of postharvest storage disorders including chilling *** treatment times and temperature range vary widely,from days at 356C to 396C in hot air,to up to 636C for less than a minute in hot *** of the research has been performed to develop solutions to a particular problem,and less investigation has been conducted on the responses of the commodity to the ***,since the turn of the century,a number of groups have been active in examining the molecular responses and changes that occur in commodities during and after the heat *** review examines the changes at the level of transcriptome,proteome and metabolome that occur in response to the different heat treatments.

关键词： treatment. treatment prevention

Do DBPs swim in salt water pools? Comparison of 60 DBPs formed by electrochemically generated chlorine vs. conventional chlorine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 232-241页

作者： Caroline O.Granger susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina631 Sumter St.ColumbiaSC 29208USA

Disinfectants are added to swimming pools to kill harmful pathogens. Although liquid chlorine(sodium hypochlorite) is the most commonly used disinfectant, alternative disinfection techniques like electrochemically generated mixed oxidants or electrochemically generated chlorine, often referred to as salt water pools, are growing in popularity. However, these disinfectants react with natural organic matter and anthropogenic contaminants introduced to the pool water by swimmers to form disinfection byproducts(DBPs). DBPs have been linked to several adverse health effects, such as bladder cancer, adverse birth outcomes, and asthma. In this study, we quantified 60 DBPs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and assessed the calculated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of an indoor community swimming pool before and after switching to a salt water pool with electrochemically generated chlorine. Interestingly, the total DBPs increased by 15% upon implementation of the salt water pool, but the calculated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity decreased by 45% and 15%, respectively. Predominant DBP classes formed were haloacetic acids, with trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid contributing 57% of the average total DBPs formed. Haloacetonitriles, haloacetic acids, and haloacetaldehydes were the primary drivers of calculated cytotoxicity, and haloacetic acids were the primary driver of calculated genotoxicity. Diiodoacetic acid, a highly toxic iodinated DBP, is reported for the first time in swimming pool water. Bromide impurities in sodium chloride used to electrochemically generate chlorine led to a 73% increase in brominated DBPs, primarily driven by bromochloroacetic acid. This study presents the most extensive DBP study to-date for salt water pools.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Swimming pools Cytotoxicity Genotoxicity GC-mS

Bemisia tabaci Phylogenetic Groups in India and the Relative Transmission Efficacy of Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus by an Indigenous and an Exotic Population

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 235-248页

作者： R V Chowda-Reddy m Kirankumar susan E Seal V muniyappa Girish B Valand m R Govindappa John Colvin Agriculture Health and Environment GroupNatural Resources InstituteUniversity of Greenwich at MedwayChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre London-N5V 4T3Canada Department of Plant Pathology University of Agricultural SciencesBangalore-560 065India Department of Plant Pathology Gujarat Agricultural UniversityAnand 388110GujaratIndia

Bemisia tabaci adults from various host-plant species were collected from 31 regions across India.266 *** samples were first screened by RAPD-PCR to examine molecular variability and to select individuals with different ***-plant and region of collection were then used to select 25 individuals for PCR amplification and sequencing of their partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit one（mtCOI）*** comparisons with mtCOI consensus sequences showed that the majority of these samples had 〈3.5% sequence divergence from groups currently termed Asia I,Asia II-5,Asia II-7,and Asia *** biotype-B *** from India clustered into the middle East-Asia minor 1 group.A new group of *** from Coimbatore,collected from pumpkin,was related most closely to the Asia I group（6.2% sequence divergence from the consensus Asia I sequence）.To increase our understanding of the epidemiology of tomato leaf curl disease（TolCD）and the key *** genetic groups involved in virus spread,the indigenous Asia I and the exotic biotype-B population from South India were used to carry out transmission experiments using Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus（TolCBV）.The acquisition access periods（AAP）,inoculation access periods（IAP）,latent periods（lP）,and TolCBV transmission efficiencies of the two populations were compared and the biotype-B had the more efficient transmission *** results are discussed in relation to recent changes in the epidemiology of tomato leaf curl disease in South India.

关键词： begomoviruses mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase whitefly Bemisia tabaci virus-vector relationships epidemiology

Increased pCO_(2) changes the lipid production in important aquacultural feedstock algae Isochrysis galbana,but not in Tetraselmis suecica

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2019年第4期4卷 142-148页

作者： susan C.Fitzer Julien Plancq Cameron J.Floyd Faith m.Kemp Jaime l.Toney Institute of Aquaculture University of StirlingStirling FK94LAUK School of Geographical and Earth Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK

Increased anthropogenic CO_(2) emissions are leading to an increase in CO_(2) uptake by the world's oceans and seas,resulting in ocean acidification with a decrease in global ocean water pH by as much as 0.3–0.4 units by the year *** direct effects of changing pCO_(2) on important microalgal feedstocks are not as well *** studies have focused on lipid composition changes in specific algal species in response to ocean acidification and yet microalgae are an indispensable food source for various marine species,including juvenile *** galbana and Tetraselmis suecica are widely used in aquaculture as feeds for mussels and other *** total lipid contents and concentrations of *** and *** were investigated when grown under present day(400 ppm)and ocean acidification conditions(1000 ppm)to elucidate the impact of increasing pCO_(2) on an important algae *** lipids,long-chain alkenones(lCAs)and alkenoates decreased at 1000 ppm in *** produces higher lipids than ***,and is perhaps as a result more impacted by the change in carbon available for lipid production under higher pCO_(2).*** is an important feedstock,more easily assimilated for growth in juvenile shellfish and reductions in lipid composition may prove problematic for the growth of future shellfish *** findings suggest that higher pCO_(2) impacts on algal lipid growth are species specific and warrant further *** is therefore vital to examine the impact of high CO_(2) on algal lipid production,especially those commercial shellfish feed varieties to predict future impacts on commercial aquaculture.

关键词： Ocean acidification Algae lipids Aquaculture Feedstock

Trends in the incidence of physician-diagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder among active-duty U.S. military personnel between 1999 and 2008

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military medical Research 2019年第3期6卷 216-229页

作者： Kenneth lCameron Rodney XSturdivant susan PBaker John A.Feagin Jr.Sports medicine Fellowship Keller Army HospitalUnited States Military AcademyWest PointNew York 10996USA Department of mathematics Physicsand StatisticsAzusa Pacific UniversityAzusaCaliforniaUSA Department of Health Policy and management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA.

Background: The impact of combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan on the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in military service members has been poorly quantified. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in the incidence rate of physician-diagnosed PTSD in active-duty military personnel between 1999 and ***: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing data extracted from the Defense medical Surveillance System to identify incident cases of PTSD within the study population. The incidence rate of physician-diagnosed PTSD was the primary outcome of interest. multivariable Poisson regression was used to analyze the ***: The overall incidence rate of PTSD among all active-duty US military personnel was 3.84(95% CI: 3.81, 3.87) cases per 1000 person-years. The adjusted average annual percentage increase in the incidence rate of PTSD prior to the initiation of Operation Iraqi Freedom(OIF) was a modest 5.02%(95% CI: 1.85, 8.29%). Following the initiation of OIF, the average annual percentage increase in the rate of PTSD was 43.03%(95% CI: 40.55, 45.56%). Compared to the baseline period between 1999 and 2002, the incidence rate of PTSD in 2008 was nearly 7 times higher(RR=6.85, 95% CI: 6.49, 7.24). Significant increases in the incidence rate of PTSD were observed following the initiation of OIF regardless of sex, age, race, marital status, military rank, or branch of military service. Notably, the rate of PTSD among females was 6–7 times higher prior to OIF, but there was no difference by gender by ***: Overall, these data quantify the significant increase in the incidence rate of PTSD following the initiation of combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan within the active-duty military population during the study period.

关键词： PTSD Incidence rate Trends military OIF OEF Epidemiology

The potential of vertebrate microfossils for marine to non-marine correlation in the late Jurassic

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2007年第6期17卷 655-663页

作者： Detlev Thies Alexander mudroch susan Turner Institute of Geology und Paleontology University of HannoverD-30167 HannoverGermany Independent Palaeobiologist Bcklinplatz 4D-30177 HannoverGermany School of Geosciences Monash UniversityVictoria 3800AustraliaQueensland MuseumGeology/Palaeontology122 Gerler RoadHendraQueensland 4011Australia

Fish (cartilaginous: elasmobranch and bony: osteichthyan actinopterygian) and reptile (crocodile) microfossils comprising scales and teeth have been examined from a series of limestone samples in the Upper Jurassic of France and Germany to gauge the possibilities of using them for correlation between fully marine and hypo-or hyper-saline (non-marine) deposits.

关键词： Upper Jurassic Kimmeridgian chondrichthyans actinopterygians crocodilians microfossils biostratigraphy

A Novel Integrated learning Scheme for Predictive Diagnosis of Critical Care Patient

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2333-2350页

作者： Sarika R.Khope susan Elias School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Center for Advanced Data Science Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia

machine learning has proven to be one of the efficient solutions for analyzing complex data to perform identification and *** a large number of learning tools and techniques,the health section has significantly benefited from solving the diagnosis *** paper has reviewed some of the recent scientific implementations on learning-based schemes to find that existing studies of learning have mainly focused on predictive analysis with less emphasis on preprocessing and more inclination towards adopting sophisticated learning schemes that offer higher accuracy at the cost of the higher computational ***,the proposed method addresses the concern mentioned above by a novel computational learning model that emphasizes fine-tuning complex medical data and makes it suitable for learning to balance better classification performance and computational *** implementation is carried out using the mImIC-III dataset,where the proposed system discretizes,the complete model using physician reports and furnished patient information as the first *** also prepares the data by choosing a specific tuple and its associated *** second step introduces a novel relatedness function where preprocessing is carried out using word quantization while adopting auto-encoders in deep learning followed by a novel learning-based *** outcome exhibits that the proposed system offers better classification performance in reduced processing time in comparison to existing learning schemes.

关键词： machine learning diagnosis accuracy computational complexity diagnosis deep learning classification prediction