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Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection without cirrhosis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第32期16卷 4061-4065页

作者： Kathryn L Nash Tracy Woodall Ashley SM Brown susan E davies Graeme JM Alexander Department of Hepatology University of CambridgeAddenbrooke's HospitalHills RoadCambridge CB2 2QQUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology Mailpoint 255Southampton General HospitalTremona RoadSouthamptonHampshire SO16 6YDUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Department of MedicineSt Mary's HospitalPraed StreetLondon W2 1NYUnited Kingdom Department of Histopathology University of CambridgeAddenbrooke's HospitalHills RoadCambridge CB2 2QQUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate and characterise patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection presenting with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in the absence of ***:Patients with chronic hepatitis C infection without cirrhosis presenting with HCC over a 2-year period were *** clinical case notes,blood test results and histological specimens were reviewed to identify whether additional risk factors for the development of HCC were ***:Six patients(five male,one female) with chronic hepatitis C infection without cirrhosis presented to a single centre with HCC over a 2-year *** patients were treated by surgical resection and one patient underwent liver *** of generous histological specimens confirmed the presence of HCC and the absence of cirrhosis in all *** degree of fibrosis of the background liver was staged as mild(n = 1),moderate(n = 4) or bridging fibrosis(n = 1).Review of the clinical case notes revealed that all cases had an additional risk factor for the development of HCC(four had evidence of past hepatitis B virus infection;two had a history of excessive alcohol consumption;a further patient had prolonged exposure to immune suppression).CONCLUSION:HCC does occur in patients with non-cirrhotic HCV infection who have other risk factors for hepatocarcinogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Non-cirrhotic Screening

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Fatty liver in H63D homozygotes with hyperferritinemia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1788-1792页

作者： Giada Sebastiani Daniel F Wallace susan E davies Vasu Kulhalli Ann P Walker James S Dooley Department of Medicine Royal Free and University College Medical School Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Medicine Royal Free and University College Medical School Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom and The Membrane Transport LaboratoryQueensland Institute of Medical ResearchBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Histopathology Royal Free and University College Medical School Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Newham General Hospital LondonUnited Kingdom

To study the clinical correlates of the H63D mu-tation we have analysed the phenotype of H63D homozygotes identified through mutation analysis in a referral laboratory. A total of 366 blood samples referred for lIFE analysis were screened for C282Y and H63D mutations. Four H63D homozygotes were identified. All had raised serum ferritin but normal transferrin saturation. They were negative for hepatitis B and C and only one patient consumed excess alcohol. In all 4 cases ultrasonography revealed fatty liver. In two patients a liver biopsy was done and showed mild siderosis with an unusual distribution and macrovesicular steatosis. These data confirm the association between fatty liver, hyperferritinaemia and increased hepatic iron, but do not clarify whether siderosis was related to steatosis rather than homozygosity for the H63D mutation. Patients with fatty liver may complicate the interpretation of data in population studies of the expression of H63D homozygosity.

关键词： Hyperferritinemia HFE gene H63D homozygosity Fatty liver

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Incidental non-benign gallbladder histopathology after cholecystectomy in an United Kingdom population: Need for routine histological analysis?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第10期8卷 685-692页

作者： Krashna Patel Khaled Dajani Satheesh Iype Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Saranya Vickramarajah susan davies Rebecca Brais Siong S Liau Simon Harper Asif Jah Raaj K Praseedom Emmanuel L Huguet Department of Surgery Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge CB20XZ United Kingdom Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge CB20XZ United Kingdom Department of Histopathology Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge CB20XZ United Kingdom

AIM To analyse the range of histopathology detected in the largest published United Kingdom series of cholecystectomy specimens and to evaluate the rational for selective histopathological *** Incidental gallbladder malignancy is rare in the United Kingdom with recent literature supporting selective histological assessment of gallbladders after routine *** cholecystectomy gallbladder specimens examined by the histopathology department at our hospital during a five year period between March 2008 and March 2013 were retrospectively *** data was collected on all specimens demonstrating carcinoma,dysplasia and polypoid *** The study included 4027 *** majority(97%) of specimens exhibited gallstone or cholecystitis related *** were demonstrated in 44(1.09%),the majority of which were cholesterol based(41/44).Dysplasia,ranging from low to multifocal high-grade was demonstrated in 55(1.37%).Incidental primary gallbladder adenocarcinoma was detected in 6 specimens(0.15%,5 female and 1 male),and a single gallbladder revealed carcinoma in situ(0.02%).This large single centre study demonstrated a full range of gallbladder disease from cholecystectomy specimens,including more than 1% neoplastic histology and two cases of macroscopically occult gallbladder *** Routine histological evaluation of all elective and emergency cholecystectomies is justified in a United Kingdom population as selective analysis has potential to miss potentially curable life threatening pathology.

关键词： Gallbladder Incidental Cholecystectomy Histopathology Carcinoma

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Dendritic cells license regulatory B cells to produce IL-10 and mediate suppression of antigen-specific CD8 T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第8期17卷 843-855页

作者： Joanne Boldison Larissa Camargo Da Rosa Joanne davies Li Wen F.susan Wong Division of Infection and Immunity Cardiff University School of MedicineCardiffCF144XNUK Section of Endocrinology School of MedicineYale UniversityYaleCT06520USA

Regulatory B cells(Bregs)suppress and reduce autoimmune ***,given the variety of Breg subsets,the role of Bregs in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is still ***,we dissect this fundamental *** show that natural protection from type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic(NOD)mice is associated with increased numbers of IL-10-producing B cells,while development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice occurs in animals with compromised IL-10 production by B ***,B cells from diabetic mice regain IL-10 function if activated by the innate immune receptor TLR4 and can suppress insulin-specific CD8 T cells in a dendritic cell(DC)-dependent,IL-10-mediated *** of CD8 T cells is reliant on B-cell contact with *** cell contact results in deactivation of DCs,inducing a tolerogenic state,which in turn can regulate pathogenic CD8 T *** findings emphasize the importance of DC–Breg interactions during the development of type 1 diabetes.

关键词： Regulatory B cells type 1 diabetes IL-10 Dendritic cells

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Can crop science really help us to produce more betterquality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint of agriculture?

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 28-44页

作者： William J.davies susan E.WARD Alan WILSON Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLAI 4YQUK Waitrose and Partners Food RetailersWaite HouseBracknellRG128YAUK

This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and *** must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our *** are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange(KE)framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the *** discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions can be reduced and labor shortages *** of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical *** is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective KE mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.

关键词： food security environmental sustainability crop water use efficiency crop science diet and health

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Resolving place names in Amdo and Kham:A gazetteer for the Hengduan Mountains region of Southwest China

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植物分类学报 2006年第6期44卷 721-732页

作者： susan L. KELLEY Arnold Arboretum and Harvard University Herbaria 22 Divinity Avenue Cambridge MA 02138-2020 U.S.A.

Perhaps no region on earth presents such a confusing array of place names as does the area made up of the former provinces of Kham and Amdo in historic Tibet (Xizang). Within these areas, cities, towns, villages, mountains, lakes and other geographic features have at least two names applied to them, one Tibetan, the other Chinese. Overlying this indigenous nomenclature are the names applied by outsiders, mostly Europeans, each of whom used their native language to transliterate the names they heard or read from Tibetan or Chinese script, and names in the languages of other ethnic minorities who live within the area. Adding to the confusion are the conflicting “standards” for transliterating Tibetan and Chinese names. To resolve the inconsistencies and uncertainties of place names in this region, a multilingual gazetteer and thesaurus was prepared. The gazetteer-thesaurus was compiled to be used as a tool for correlating the often radically different names assigned to a single place or feature and to provide the geographic coordinates for each. The impetus for this project was the need to assign geographic coordinates to plant specimens collected in the area since the latter part of the 19th century up until the advent and widespread use of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers in the 1990s. Georeferencing specimens is necessary for plotting the historical distribution of species and for more completely understanding the information contained on specimen labels. Knowing the distribution of plants is important for answering phylogenetic questions, determining local and widespread biogeographical patterns, identifying areas of unusually high diversity or endemism, and determining areas in need of special protection. The value of such a gazetteer, however, extends well beyond the field of botany. It is intended to be of use to anyone with a desire to know the nomenclatural history of places in the area and for pinpointing with a fair degree of accuracy the location

关键词： Tibet (Xizang) Amdo Kham Hengduan Mountains gazetteer biodiversity Geographic Information Systems (GIS) herbarium conservation georeferencing.

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The face of animal cognition

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 132-144页

作者： susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK

As an increasing number of researchers investigate the cognitive abilities of an ever-wider range of animals,animal cognition is currently among the most exciting fields within animal *** would be proud:all four of his approaches are being pursued and we are learning much about how animals collect information and how they use that information to make decisions for their current and future states as well as what animals do not perceive or choose to *** I provide an overview of this productivity,alighting only briefly on any single example,to showcase the diversity of species,of approaches and the sheer mass of research effort currently under *** are getting closer to understanding the minds of other animals and the evolution of cognition at an increasingly rapid rate.

关键词： animal cognition comparative psychology Tinbergen’s four questions

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A catalyst for integrating analytical biology,analytical chemistry, and engineering to improve drinking water safety: The groundbreaking work of Dr. Michael Plewa

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 6-9页

作者： susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

It is interesting how a random encounter can profoundly change your life. My random encounter was with a young graduate student from Michael Plewa’s laboratory. The location was the 1999 American Chemical Society (ACS) Conference, where, following his talk, this promising researcher was being unfairly criticized by a well-established scientist. I disagreed with this scientist’s criticism, and I encouraged the student how I thought his work was important.

关键词： breaking integrating analytical

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Mapping of Freshwater Lake Wetlands Using Object-Relations and Rule-based Inference

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第4期22卷 462-471页

作者： RUAN Renzong susan USTIN State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China Department of Land Air and Water Resources University of California Davis CA 95616 the United States)

Inland freshwater lake wetlands play an important role in regional ecological balance. Hongze Lake is the fourth biggest freshwater lake in China. In the past three decades, there has been significant loss of freshwater wet- lands within the lake and at the mouths of neighboring rivers, due to disturbance, primarily from human activities. The main purpose of this paper was to explore a practical technology for differentiating wetlands effectively from upland types in close proximity to them. In the paper, an integrated method, which combined per-pixel and per-field classifi- cation, was used for mapping wetlands of Hongze Lake and their neighboring upland types. Firstly, Landsat ETM＋ imagery was segmented and classified by using spectral and textural features. Secondly, ETM＋ spectral bands, textural features derived from ETM＋ Pan imagery, relative relations between neighboring classes, shape fea^xes, and elevation were used in a decision tree classification. Thirdly, per-pixel classification results from the decision tree classifier were improved by using classification results from object-oriented classification as a context. The results show that the technology has not only overcome the salt-and-pepper effect commonly observed in the past studies, but also has im- proved the accuracy of identification by nearly 5%.

关键词： rule-based inferring object-based classification freshwater lake wetland relation feature Hongze Lake

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Analysis of Metamaterial Cloaks Using Circular Split Ring Resonator Structures

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2016年第6期52卷 133-141页

作者： susan Thomas Balamati Choudhury REVA University Bengaluru NAL Bengaluru.

A novel microwave cloak using circular split ring resonator(SRR)based metamaterial structure has been proposed in this *** cloak which operates at a frequency of 10.6 GHz is composed of cylindrical dielectric sheets printed with circular split ring resonators of spatially varying and anisotropic material *** article also focuses on the phenomenon of resonant splitting in circular SRR microwave cloak.A detailed analysis of various linear metamaterial arrays and their response has also been elucidated.

关键词： Cloaking metamaterial circular split ring resonator.

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