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computational Electrodynamics The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method,2nd Bk&cD 2nd ed. /

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Genome and clonal hematopoiesis stability contrasts with immune,cfDNA,mitochondrial,and telomere length changes during short duration spaceflight

丛书名： Artech House Antennas and Propagation Library

2000年

作者： Allen Taflove susan c. hagness

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Precision clinical Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.Sebastian Garcia-Medina Karolina Sienkiewicz S.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey Kirill Grigorev Krista A.Ryon Marissa Burke Jacqueline Proszynski Braden Tierney caleb M.Schmidt Nuria Mencia-Trinchant Remi Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox christopher chin Deena Najjar Irina Matei Irenaeus chan carlos cruchaga Ashley Kleinman JangKeun Kim Alexander Lucaci conor Loy Omary Mzava Iwijn De Vlaminck Anvita Singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian c.Schmidt Michael A.Schmidt Kelly Blease Juan Moreno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altomare Semyon Kruglyak Shawn Levy Min Yu Duane c.Hassane susan M.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaime Mateus christopher E.Mason Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Stem cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Space Exploration Technologies corporation HawthomeCA 90250USA Sovaris Aerospace BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced Pattern Analysis&Human Performance Group BoulderCO 80302USA children's cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Meyer cancer center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Department of Systems Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Element Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA cell and Molecular Biology Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University St Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Inspiration4(I4)mission,the first all-civilian orbital flight mission,investigated the physiological effects of short-duration spaceflight through a multi-omic *** advances,there remains much to learn about human adaptation to spaceflight's unique challenges,including microgravity,immune system perturbations,and radiation *** To provide a detailed genetics analysis of the mission,we collected dried blood spots pre-,during,and post-flight for DNA *** length was measured by quantitative PcR,while whole genome and cfDNA sequencing provided insight into genomic stability and immune adaptations.A robust bioinformatic pipeline was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess mutational *** Telomere elongation occurred during spaceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased immune cell signatures *** significant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential(cHIP)or whole-genome instability was *** long-term gene expression changes across immune cells suggested cellular adaptations to the space environment persisting months *** Our findings provide valuable insights into the physiological consequences of short-duration spaceflight,with telomere dynamics and immune cell gene expression adapting to spaceflight and persisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference point for studying the early development of cHIP in astronauts,an understudied phenomenon as previous studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference point for future commercial and non-commercial spaceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)missions,and deep-space exploration.

关键词： genomes clonal hematopoiesis stability immune mitochondria ribosomes spaceflight

Knockouts of high-ranking males have limited impact on baboon social networks

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current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 107-113页

作者： Mathias FRANZ Jeanne ALTMANN susan c. ALBERTS Department of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708-0719 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544-2016 USA

Social network structures can crucially impact complex social processes such as collective behaviour or the transmission of information and diseases. However, currently it is poorly understood how social networks change over time. Previous studies on primates suggest that `knockouts' (due to death or dispersal) of high-ranking individuals might be important drivers for structural changes in animal social networks. Here we test this hypothesis using long-term data on a natural population of baboons, examining the effects of 29 natural knockouts of alpha or beta males on adult female social networks. We investigated whether and how knockouts affected (1) changes in grooming and association rates among adult females, and (2) changes in mean degree and global clustering coefficient in these networks. The only significant effect that we found was a decrease in mean degree in grooming networks in the first month after knockouts, but this decrease was rather small, and grooming networks rebounded to baseline levels by the second month after knockouts. Taken together our results indicate that the removal of high-ranking males has only limited or no lasting effects on social networks of adult female baboons. This finding calls into question the hypothesis that the removal of high-ranking individuals has a destabilizing effect on social network structures in social animals.

关键词：网络结构男性社交狒狒社会过程社会网络自然种群动物学

The causal relationship between neurocysticercosis infection and the development of epilepsy-a systematic review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 261-273页

作者： Lucy B.Gripper susan c.Welburn Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine Edinburgh Infectious DiseasesEdinburgh Medical School:Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineThe University of EdinburghChancellor’s Building49 Little France CrescentEdinburgh EH164SBScotlandUK

Background:Neurocysticercosis(Ncc)is a parasitic infection of the human central nervous system,the most common form of which involves infection of the brain parenchyma with the larval form of the Taenia solium tapeworm.A causal relationship between such an Ncc infection and the development of epilepsy in infected individuals is acknowledged,in part supported by high levels of comorbidity in endemic countries ***:This study undertook a systematic review and critical analysis of the Ncc-epilepsy relationship with the primary objective of quantifying the risk of developing epilepsy following Ncc infection.A secondary aim was to analyse the proportions of Ncc-associated epilepsy within different *** emphasis was placed on the importance of neuroimaging(cT or MRI)availability and use of clear guidelines for epilepsy diagnosis,in order to avoid overestimations of prevalence rates of either condition;a limitation identified in several previous ***:A common odds ratio of 2.76 was identified from meta-analysis of case-control studies,indicating that an individual infected with Ncc has almost a three times higher risk of developing epilepsy than an uninfected ***,meta-analysis of studies identified a common proportion of 31.54%of epilepsy cases associated with Ncc infection which suggests that amongst epileptic populations in at risk countries,approximately one-third may be associated with Ncc ***:A significant finding was the lack of good clinical data to enable accurate determination of a causal *** studies that were included had noticeable limitations,including a general lack of consistency in diagnostics,and lack of accurate epidemiological *** review highlights a need for consistency in research in this *** the absence of reliable estimates of its global burden,Ncc will remain of low priority in the eyes of funding agencies-a truly neglected disease.

关键词： epilepsy neglected enable

Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study (ScOTS)： bone marrow-derived stem cells in the treatment of Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1685-1694页

作者： Jeffrey N. Weiss Steven Levy susan c. Benes Retina Associates of South Florida 5800 Colonial Drive Suite 300 Margate FL USA MD Stem cells 3 Sylvan Road South Westport CT USA The Eye center of columbus The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

The Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （ScOTS） is currently the largest-scale stem cell ophthal- mology trial registered at *** （identifier： NcT01920867）. ScOTS utilizes autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells （BMScs） to treat optic nerve and retinal diseases. Treatment approaches include a combination of retrobulbar, subtenon, intravitreal, intra-optic nerve, subretinal, and intravenous injection of autologous BMScs according to the nature of the disease, the degree of visual loss, and any risk factors related to the treatments. Patients with Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy had visual acuity gains on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study （ETDRS） of up to 35 letters and Snellen acuity improvements from hand motion to 20/200 and from counting fingers to 20/100. Visual field improvements were noted. Macular and optic nerve head nerve fiber layer typically thickened. No serious complications were seen. The increases in visual acuity obtained in our study were encouraging and suggest that the use of autolo- gous BMScs as provided in ScOTS for ophthalmologic mitochondrial diseases including Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy may be a viable treatment option.

关键词： nerve regeneration Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy mitochondrial disease optic neuropathy bone marrow derived stem cells blindness visual loss neural regeneration

Refrigerated and frozen storage impact aronia berry quality

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 13-24页

作者： Erica S.King Andrea Noll susan Glenn Bradley W.Bolling Department of Food Science University of Wisconsin-Madison1605 Linden Dr.MadisonWI53706USA Department of Statistics Medical Sciences CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison1300 University Ave Rm 1220MadisonWI53706USA

Postharvest storage of many freshly picked berries affects polyphenol and sugar content. However, little is known about the impact of refrigerated and frozen storage on aronia berry composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize how storage at 4 ± 2 °c and − 20 ± 2 °c, and temperature cycles affect aronia berry polyphenols, total solid content, pH, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, sugar content, acid content, color, and cell structure. Refrigerated storage reduced proanthocyanidins (21%), anthocyanins (36%), and total phenols (21%) after 12 weeks. Frozen storage increased polyphenols in the first 6 mo. of frozen storage but then decreased polyphenols at mo. 8 to levels similar to initial values. Frozen temperature cycling reduced anthocyanins 18% but did not affect total phenols or proanthocyanidins. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated temperature cycling induced cell damage, shrinking, and fusion. This disruption led to the release of anthocyanins inside the berry tissue. PPO activity did not significantly correlate with the decrease in polyphenol content during storage. °Brix did not significantly change during refrigeration and frozen storage but did during the 12th temperature cycle. Aronia berries’ pH and titratable acidity were affected more by refrigeration than frozen and temperature storage. The pH increased by 4% during refrigeration, and titratable acidity decreased by 17% at 12 weeks. In conclusion, refrigerated storage results in a modest reduction of aronia berry polyphenols, but absolute extractable polyphenols are stable for up to 8 months of frozen storage.

关键词： Aronia berry Polyphenols Storage Refrigeration Sugars Acids Frozen

Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study(ScOTS) for retinal and optic nerve diseases: a case report of improvement in relapsing auto-immune optic neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第6期10卷 1507-1515页

作者： Jeffrey N.Weiss Steven Levy susan c.Benes Retina Associates of South Florida MD Stem cells Wilmer Eye Institute The Johns Hopkins Hospital

We present the results from a patient with relapsing optic neuropathy treated within the Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （ScOTS）. ScOTS is an Institutional Review Board ap- proved clinical trial and has become the largest ophthalmology stem cell study registered at the National Institutes of Health to date （*** Identifier NcT 01920867）. ScOTS utilizes autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells （BMScs） for treatment of retinal and optic nerve diseases. Pre-treatment and post-treatment comprehensive eye exams of a 54 year old female patient were performed both at the Florida Study center, USA and at The Eye center of columbus, USA. As a consequence of a relapsing optic neuritis, the patient＇s previously normal visual acuity decreased to between 20/350 and 20/400 in the right eye and to 20/70 in the left eye. Significant visual field loss developed bilaterally. The patient underwent a right eye vitrectomy with injection of BMScs into the optic nerve of the right eyeand retrobulbar, subtenon and in- travitreal injection of BMScs in the left eye. At 15 months after ScOTS treatment, the patient＇s visual acuity had improved to 20/150 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Bilateral visual fields improved markedly. Both macular thickness and fast retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were maximally improved at 3 and 6 months after ScOTS treatment. The patient also reduced her mycophenylate dose from 1,500 mg per day to 500 mg per day and required no steroid pulse therapy during the 15-month follow up.

关键词： nerve regeneration stem cells optic nerve autoimmune optic neuropathy ophthalmology bone marrow-derived stem cells blindness visual loss Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study neural regeneration

Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study (ScOTS)： improvement in serpiginous choroidopathy following autologous bone marrow derived stem cell treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1512-1516页

作者： Jeffrey N. Weiss susan c. Benes Steven Levy Retina Associates of South Florida 5800 Colonial Drive Suite 300 Margate FL USA The Eye center of columbus The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA MD Stem cells 3 Sylvan Road South Westport CT USA

We report results in a 77-year-old male patient with visual loss from long-standing serpiginous choroidop- athy treated with bone marrow derived stem cells （BMSc） within the Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （ScOTS）. ScOTS is an Institutional Review Board approved clinical trial and the largest ophthal- mology stem cell study registered at the National Institutes of Health to date （*** Identifier： NcT01920867）. Eight months after treatment by a combination of retrobulbar, subtenon, intravitreal and intravenous injection of BMSc, the patient＇s best corrected Snellen acuity improved from 20/80- to 20/60.1 in the right eye and from 20/50- to 20/20 3 in the left eye. The Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study （ETDRS） visual acuity continued to improve over the succeeding 8 months and the optical coherence tomography macular volume increased. The increases in visual acuity and macular volume are encouraging and suggest that the use of BMSc as provided in ScOTS may be a viable approach to treating serpiginous choroidopathy.

关键词： serpiginous choroidopathy serpigionous choroiditis geographic helicoid peripapillary chroidopathy retina macula stem cell therapy uveitis

Statistical Analysis of Small Holder Farmer Financial Exclusion: case Study of Migori county, Kenya

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Open Journal of Statistics 2022年第5期12卷 733-742页

作者： susan A. Okeyo Galcano c. Mulaku collins M. Mwange Department of Geospatial and Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

There are estimated to be approximately 600 million small scale farmers globally, and they produce most of the food consumed, especially in the developing countries. The farmers, however, are often unable to obtain optimal crop yields due to their exclusion from the financial systems in their countries, which deem them too high risk to lend to. This results in the farmers being unable to afford optimal inputs into their farms, hence depressing their yields and the level of food security. This study aimed to statistically determine whether the small scale farmers of Migori county in Kenya are financially excluded or not, and to what extent. Data were collected from the farmers through a questionnaire survey, and subsequent statistical analysis has shown that indeed the small scale farmers of Migori are financially excluded to a large extent. consideration of non-financial data in the farmers’ credit rating has been recommended as a way forward towards their financial inclusivity. This study provides scientific proof of smallholder farmer financial exclusion, which proof is generally difficult to find, especially in the developing countries.

关键词： Small Holder Farmer Financial Exclusion Migori Kenya