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Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study(ScOTS) for retinal and optic nerve diseases: a case report of improvement in relapsing auto-immune optic neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第6期10卷 1507-1515页

作者： Jeffrey N.Weiss Steven Levy susan c.benes Retina Associates of South Florida MD Stem cells Wilmer Eye Institute The Johns Hopkins Hospital

We present the results from a patient with relapsing optic neuropathy treated within the Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （ScOTS）. ScOTS is an Institutional Review Board ap- proved clinical trial and has become the largest ophthalmology stem cell study registered at the National Institutes of Health to date （*** Identifier NcT 01920867）. ScOTS utilizes autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells （BMScs） for treatment of retinal and optic nerve diseases. Pre-treatment and post-treatment comprehensive eye exams of a 54 year old female patient were performed both at the Florida Study center, USA and at The Eye center of columbus, USA. As a consequence of a relapsing optic neuritis, the patient＇s previously normal visual acuity decreased to between 20/350 and 20/400 in the right eye and to 20/70 in the left eye. Significant visual field loss developed bilaterally. The patient underwent a right eye vitrectomy with injection of BMScs into the optic nerve of the right eyeand retrobulbar, subtenon and in- travitreal injection of BMScs in the left eye. At 15 months after ScOTS treatment, the patient＇s visual acuity had improved to 20/150 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Bilateral visual fields improved markedly. Both macular thickness and fast retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were maximally improved at 3 and 6 months after ScOTS treatment. The patient also reduced her mycophenylate dose from 1,500 mg per day to 500 mg per day and required no steroid pulse therapy during the 15-month follow up.

关键词： nerve regeneration stem cells optic nerve autoimmune optic neuropathy ophthalmology bone marrow-derived stem cells blindness visual loss Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study neural regeneration

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Prevalence of Microvascular complications and Associated Risk Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Nyeri county Referral Hospital, Kenya: A cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第3期14卷 444-458页

作者： Rachael Ireri Gideon Kikuvi susan Mambo Betsy c. Rono cheriro Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya Department of clinical Medicine Kenya Medical Training College Nairobi Kenya

Microvascular complications are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). More than 50% of Nyeri county Referral Hospital (NcRH) admissions result from non-communicable diseases (NcDs) and over 55% of hospital deaths are attributable to NcDs. In Kenya, Nyeri county has the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus compared to other counties. This study therefore sought to assess the prevalence of microvascular complications and the associated risk factors among patients attending Nyeri county Referral Hospital in Kenya. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 314 DM patients on follow-up at NcRH from August 2022 to October 2022. Data were analyzed using STATA version 17. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses are used to determine the risk factors associated with Microvascular complications of DM. Among the 314 participants with DM, 58% were females. The overall prevalence of Microvascular complications (MVcs) is 36.62%. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy was the most frequent complication (27.4%). Inadequate physical exercise was a risk factor for all MVcs. Age, marital status, and level of education were risk factors for neuropathy while smoking and alcohol intake were risk factors for nephropathy. Non-smokers were 98% less likely to have nephropathy (OR = 0.024;95% cI 0.003 - 0.145). The odds of those who exercise once weekly getting retinopathic complications reduced by 83% (OR = 0.18, 95% cI 0.049 - 0.398) compared to those who exercise daily. The findings highlight the implication of lifestyle factors in the development of MVcs among DM patients. Therefore, benefits of microvascular complications prevention should thus be factored into the management of patients with diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Microvascular complications Risk Factors Retinopathy Neuropathy Nephropathy

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Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study (ScOTS)： bone marrow-derived stem cells in the treatment of Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1685-1694页

作者： Jeffrey N. Weiss Steven Levy susan c. benes Retina Associates of South Florida 5800 Colonial Drive Suite 300 Margate FL USA MD Stem cells 3 Sylvan Road South Westport CT USA The Eye center of columbus The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

The Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （ScOTS） is currently the largest-scale stem cell ophthal- mology trial registered at *** （identifier： NcT01920867）. ScOTS utilizes autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells （BMScs） to treat optic nerve and retinal diseases. Treatment approaches include a combination of retrobulbar, subtenon, intravitreal, intra-optic nerve, subretinal, and intravenous injection of autologous BMScs according to the nature of the disease, the degree of visual loss, and any risk factors related to the treatments. Patients with Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy had visual acuity gains on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study （ETDRS） of up to 35 letters and Snellen acuity improvements from hand motion to 20/200 and from counting fingers to 20/100. Visual field improvements were noted. Macular and optic nerve head nerve fiber layer typically thickened. No serious complications were seen. The increases in visual acuity obtained in our study were encouraging and suggest that the use of autolo- gous BMScs as provided in ScOTS for ophthalmologic mitochondrial diseases including Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy may be a viable treatment option.

关键词： nerve regeneration Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy mitochondrial disease optic neuropathy bone marrow derived stem cells blindness visual loss neural regeneration

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Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study (ScOTS)： improvement in serpiginous choroidopathy following autologous bone marrow derived stem cell treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1512-1516页

作者： Jeffrey N. Weiss susan c. benes Steven Levy Retina Associates of South Florida 5800 Colonial Drive Suite 300 Margate FL USA The Eye center of columbus The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA MD Stem cells 3 Sylvan Road South Westport CT USA

We report results in a 77-year-old male patient with visual loss from long-standing serpiginous choroidop- athy treated with bone marrow derived stem cells （BMSc） within the Stem cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （ScOTS）. ScOTS is an Institutional Review Board approved clinical trial and the largest ophthal- mology stem cell study registered at the National Institutes of Health to date （*** Identifier： NcT01920867）. Eight months after treatment by a combination of retrobulbar, subtenon, intravitreal and intravenous injection of BMSc, the patient＇s best corrected Snellen acuity improved from 20/80- to 20/60.1 in the right eye and from 20/50- to 20/20 3 in the left eye. The Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study （ETDRS） visual acuity continued to improve over the succeeding 8 months and the optical coherence tomography macular volume increased. The increases in visual acuity and macular volume are encouraging and suggest that the use of BMSc as provided in ScOTS may be a viable approach to treating serpiginous choroidopathy.

关键词： serpiginous choroidopathy serpigionous choroiditis geographic helicoid peripapillary chroidopathy retina macula stem cell therapy uveitis

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Knockouts of high-ranking males have limited impact on baboon social networks

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current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 107-113页

作者： Mathias FRANZ Jeanne ALTMANN susan c. ALBERTS Department of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708-0719 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544-2016 USA

Social network structures can crucially impact complex social processes such as collective behaviour or the transmission of information and diseases. However, currently it is poorly understood how social networks change over time. Previous studies on primates suggest that ＇knockouts＇（due to death or dispersal） of high-ranking individuals might be important drivers for structural changes in animal social networks. Here we test this hypothesis using long-term data on a natural population of ba- boons, examining the effects of 29 natural knockouts of alpha or beta males on adult female social networks. We investigated whether and how knockouts affected （i） changes in grooming and association rates among adult females, and （2） changes in mean degree and global clustering coefficient in these networks. The only significant effect that we found was a decrease in mean degree in grooming networks in the first month after knockouts, but this decrease was rather small, and grooming networks re- bounded to baseline levels by the second month after knockouts. Taken together our results indicate that the removal of high-ranking males has only limited or no lasting effects on social networks of adult female baboons. This finding calls into question the hypothesis that the removal of high-ranking individuals has a destabilizing effect on social network structures in social animals [current Zoology 61 （1）： 107-113, 2015].

关键词： Social network analysis Social network dynamics Knockouts Baboons

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Variable retention in Tasmania, Australia: trends over 16 years of monitoring and adaptive management

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 305-317页

作者： Robyn E.Scott Mark G.Neyland susan c.Baker Sustainable Timber Tasmania 99 Bathurst StHobartTasmania 7001Australia School of Natural Sciences and ARc centre for Forest Value University of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 55HobartTasmania 7001Australia

Background:Variable retention harvesting using aggregated retention(ARN)has been applied in some Tasmanian wet eucalypt forests for>15 *** of ARN in Tasmania differs from most other regions,as forest influence(or the proximity of harvested areas to long-term retention)is primarily used to distinguish ARN from clearfelling rather than retention level,and broadcast burning is used as a regeneration treatment,resulting in a preference for edge aggregates instead of isolated retained *** emphasis on site-level retention of biological legacies and forest influence to facilitate re-establishment of mature forest species ensures that ARN coupes achieve the ecological objectives associated with retention ***:Spatial and survey data collected from operational ARN coupes illustrates the development of this silvicultural practice over time and allows comparisons with conventional *** 90%of ARN coupes have met the forest influence target of>50%.The number of ARN coupes harvested per year has varied,but mean retention levels(29%)and the mean area harvested per coupe(24 ha)have remained the *** influence in ARN coupes has decreased over time,as have perimeter-to-area ratios,largely due to a decrease in the number of island *** these measures of complexity have decreased,ARN coupes still have much greater forest influence,retention,and perimeter-to-area ratios when compared to conventional clearfell,burn and sow(cBS)*** observed decrease in boundary complexity should facilitate regeneration burning in ARN coupes,although no increase in the proportion of burnt seedbed was *** proportion of burnt seedbed is strongly correlated with eucalypt seedling stocking and density in ARN coupes,and these attributes were all significantly lower in recent ARN coupes compared to *** differences appear to be due to achieving better burns in recent cBS coupes,rather than poorer ones in ARN cou

关键词： Retention forestry Silviculture systems Aggregated retention Regeneration burning Regeneration success Forest influence Eucalyptus

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Genome and clonal hematopoiesis stability contrasts with immune,cfDNA,mitochondrial,and telomere length changes during short duration spaceflight

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Precision clinical Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.Sebastian Garcia-Medina Karolina Sienkiewicz S.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey Kirill Grigorev Krista A.Ryon Marissa Burke Jacqueline Proszynski Braden Tierney caleb M.Schmidt Nuria Mencia-Trinchant Remi Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox christopher chin Deena Najjar Irina Matei Irenaeus chan carlos cruchaga Ashley Kleinman JangKeun Kim Alexander Lucaci conor Loy Omary Mzava Iwijn De Vlaminck Anvita Singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian c.Schmidt Michael A.Schmidt Kelly Blease Juan Moreno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altomare Semyon Kruglyak Shawn Levy Min Yu Duane c.Hassane susan M.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaime Mateus christopher E.Mason Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Stem cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Space Exploration Technologies corporation HawthomeCA 90250USA Sovaris Aerospace BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced Pattern Analysis&Human Performance Group BoulderCO 80302USA children's cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Meyer cancer center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Department of Systems Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Element Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA cell and Molecular Biology Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University St Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Inspiration4(I4)mission,the first all-civilian orbital flight mission,investigated the physiological effects of short-duration spaceflight through a multi-omic *** advances,there remains much to learn about human adaptation to spaceflight's unique challenges,including microgravity,immune system perturbations,and radiation *** To provide a detailed genetics analysis of the mission,we collected dried blood spots pre-,during,and post-flight for DNA *** length was measured by quantitative PcR,while whole genome and cfDNA sequencing provided insight into genomic stability and immune adaptations.A robust bioinformatic pipeline was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess mutational *** Telomere elongation occurred during spaceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased immune cell signatures *** significant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential(cHIP)or whole-genome instability was *** long-term gene expression changes across immune cells suggested cellular adaptations to the space environment persisting months *** Our findings provide valuable insights into the physiological consequences of short-duration spaceflight,with telomere dynamics and immune cell gene expression adapting to spaceflight and persisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference point for studying the early development of cHIP in astronauts,an understudied phenomenon as previous studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference point for future commercial and non-commercial spaceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)missions,and deep-space exploration.

关键词： genomes clonal hematopoiesis stability immune mitochondria ribosomes spaceflight

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From a sequential pattern,temporal adjustments emerge in hummingbird traplining

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 182-192页

作者： Maria c.TELLO-RAMOS Andrew T.HURLY susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsScotlandUK Department of Biological Sciences University of LethbridgeAlbertaCanada

Animals that feed from resources that are constant in space and that refill may benefit from repeating the order in which they visit *** is a behavior known as traplining,a spatial ***,like other central-place foragers,use short traplines when moving between several rewarding *** we investigated whether traplining hummingbirds also use relevant temporal information when choosing which flowers to *** rufous hummingbirds that were allowed to visit 3 artificial flower patches in which flowers were refilled 20 min after they had been depleted repeated the order in which they visited the 3 *** they tended to visit the first 2 patches sooner than 20 min,they visited the third patch at approximately 20-min inter*** time between visits to the patches increased across the experiment,suggesting that the birds learned to wait longer before visiting a *** birds appeared to couple the sequential pattern of a trapline with temporal regularity,to some *** suggests that there is a temporal component to the repeated spatial movements flown by foraging wild hummingbirds.

关键词： foraging patterns interval timing rufous hummingbirds Selasphorus rufus

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Discrimination of membrane antigen affinity by B cells requires dominance of kinetic proofreading over serial engagement

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第1期9卷 62-74页

作者： Philippos K Tsourkas Wanli Liu Somkanya c Das susan K Pierce Subhadip Raychaudhuri Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Laboratory of Immunogenetics National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMDUSA

B-cell receptor signaling in response to membrane-bound antigen increases with antigen affinity,a process known as affinity *** use computational modeling to show that B-cell affinity discrimination requires that kinetic proofreading predominate over serial *** find that if B-cell receptors become signaling-capable immediately upon antigen binding,which results in decreasing serial engagement as affinity increases,then increasing affinity can lead to weaker ***,antigen must stay bound to B-cell receptors for a threshold time of several seconds before becoming signaling-capable,a process similar to kinetic *** process overcomes the loss in serial engagement due to increasing antigen affinity,and replicates the monotonic increase in B-cell signaling with increasing affinity that has been observed in B-cell activation *** finding matches well with the experimentally observed time(,20 s)required for the B-cell receptor signaling domains to undergo antigen and lipid raft-mediated conformational changes that lead to Src-family kinase *** hypothesize that the physical basis for a threshold time of antigen binding might lie in the formation timescale of B-cell receptor *** time required for dimer formation decreases with increasing antigen affinity,thereby resulting in shorter threshold antigen binding times as affinity *** an affinity-dependent kinetic proofreading requirement results in affinity discrimination very similar to that observed in biological experiments.B-cell affinity discrimination is critical to the process of affinity maturation and the production of high-affinity antibodies,and thus our results have important implications in applications such as vaccine design.

关键词： computational modeling Monte carlo lymphocyte signaling Lyn Syk

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Migmatite-like textures in anthracite:Further evidence for low-grade metamorphic melting and resolidification in high-rank coals

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 428-436页

作者： James c.Hower susan M.Rimmer Maria Mastalerz Nicola J.Wagner University of Kentucky center for Applied Energy Research 2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA School of Earth Systems and Sustainability Southern Illinois University CarbondaleCarbondaleIL 62901USA Indiana Geological&Water Survey Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA Department of Geology University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

Previous studies demonstrated that melting,initiated by supercritical fluids in the 375-400℃range,occurred as part of anthracite metamorphism in the Appalachian *** on the known behavior of vitrinite at high temperatures and,to a lesser extent,at high pressures,it was determined that the duration of the heating,melting,and resolidification event was about 1 *** the current study,featureless vitrinite within banded maceral assemblages demonstratesthe intimate association of melted and resolidified vitrinite with anthracite-rank *** analogy with metamorphosed inorganic rocks,such associations represent diadysites and embrechites,i.e.,cross-cutting and layered migmatites,*** though the temperature of formation of the anthracite structures is several hundred℃lower than that seen in metamorphosed inorganic rocks,anthracites are metamorphic rocks and the nomenclature for metamorphic rocks may be appropriate for coal.

关键词： Igneous Metamorphic texture Pennsylvania Mesozoic basins South Africa

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