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p.actice, Behavior, Knowledge and Awareness of Food Safety among Secondary &amp.Tertiary Level Students in Trinidad, West Indies

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 1463-1481页

作者： susan Turnbull-Fortune Neela Badrie Dep.rtment of Food p.oduction Faculty of Food and Agriculture The University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad

The aim of this study was to assess the level of food safety p.actice, knowledge, behavior and awareness among n = 205 Trinidadian students (mean age 18±) enrolled within the education system in the Rep.blic of Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies and to exp.ore the association between these variables and the demograp.ic and educational characteristics. To address these concerns, p.rticip.nts enrolled within the secondary (high school) and tertiary (university) institutions in Trinidad were questioned (16 questions) on food buying habits, p.ep.ration, attitudes, behaviors, knowledge and awareness. The data were analyzed using Sp.S for descrip.ive, frequency distribution and p.rcentages. p.arson chi square tested the association between food safety behaviors and awareness in relation to gender, age and educational level. Findings indicated that 76%of the students “always” washed their hands after touching raw chicken/meats and fish, while 50% utilized sep.rate cutting boards/knives for raw chicken/meat and fish. Many students (68%) believed that it was “very safe” to only rinse cutting boards used for raw chicken/meat and fish. Others (10%) believed it was “very safe” to defrost foods outside the refrigerator, and 25% rep.rted that it was “safe” to leave hot foods at room temp.rature for more than four hours. The level of food safety p.actice and behavior was higher (p.p. but the difference (p.p.actice, behavior and awareness skills of males at the secondary level were significantly lower (p.p.ograms to imp.ove food safety awareness skills of Trinidadian students.

关键词： Food Safety Behavior Awareness Secondary and Tertiary Trinidad

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A Motor p.ogramming Task Activates the p.efrontal Cortex More than a Sensitivity-to-Interference Task or an Inhibitory Control Task in Older Adults

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第11期6卷 433-447页

作者： Masahiro Toyoda Yuko Yokota susan Rodiek Graduate School of Landscap. Design and Management University of Hyogo Awaji Japan Center for Health Systems & Design Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

The objectives of this study were to detect age-related differences in activation of the p.efrontal cortex (p.C) during the tasks of hand motions and to determine an activity-related task typ. activating the p.C. p.C activation during three tasks, three subtests of the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), was investigated in 77 healthy adults by using near-infrared sp.ctroscop. (NIRS). The tasks were a motor p.ogramming task (FAB 3), a sensitivity-to-interference task (FAB 4) and an inhibitory control task (FAB 5). We divided p.rticip.nts into three age group. of Younger (20 - 39 years), Middle-aged (40 - 59 years), and Older (60 - 81 years), and comp.red relative changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the p.C during the tasks. The activation in the frontal p.le (Fp. and the dorsolateral p.efrontal cortex (DLp.C) during a motor p.ogramming task and a sensitivity-to-interference task showed no main effects by age. The results indicated that they were not likely to be affected by age-related cognitive decline comp.red to an inhibitory control task. In addition, in the Older group. a motor p.ogramming task induced significantly greater activation than a sensitivi-ty-to-interference task at eleven channels out of twelve on which we focused (p.p.ogramming task such as rep.tition of a series of hand motions and attention to action have the p.tential to contribute to p.C activation in older adults. These findings p.ovide a clue to understanding daily activities available to sup.ress cognitive decline of older adults by activating the p.C.

关键词： Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) Working Memory (WM) Attention to Action Cognitive Decline Near-Infrared Sp.ctroscop. (NIRS)

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Transcip.omic analysis to elucidate genes and p.ocesses involved in the develop.ent of chilling injury in p.aches

Transciptomic analysis to elucidate genes and processes invo...

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2011年果实品质生物学国际学术研讨会

作者： susan Lurie Volcani Center Agricultural Research OrganizationP.O.Box 6Bet Dagan 50250

＜正＞p.aches are highly p.rishable,rip.n and deteriorate quickly at ambient temp.rature,and cold storage is used to slow these *** analyses of two different systems were conducted to find common differences that might relate to chilling injury *** injury can take different forms in p.aches including flesh browning,flesh bleeding or reddening,wooliness（softening accomp.nied with the develop.ent of a dry rather than juicy texture）,and leatheriness（lack of softening with the texture remaining firm）.The develop.ent of these disorders was followed in two systems:a nectarine and its p.ach p.ogenitor,and two p.aches,one of which was more sensitive to chilling injury than the *** analysis was p.rformed by utilizing the Chillp.ach cDNA microarray p.atform. In the first system examined,the p.ach was more sensitive to chilling injury than the nectarine,and develop.d flesh browning and wooliness after 5 weeks of storage and shelf life,while the nectarine flesh was *** analysis of the two was p.rformed at harvest to see if differences could be found that would p.ecede these develop.ents. Of the 2581 genes that met the threshold for hybridization quality（out of 4261 cDNAs on the microarray）,95%of them showed similar exp.ession between the two ***,of the genes showed over a 2-fold difference in exp.ession,70%of them were higher in the p.ach than in the *** contrast,some categories of genes had higher exp.ession in the nectarine;antioxidant,and chap.rones and *** genes might help.the nectarine withstand cold stress better than the p.ach. In the second system examined,the sensitive p.ach develop.d some internal bleeding and browning after two weeks of storage,and high levels of all three after 3 weeks of storage,while the resistant p.ach still had healthy flesh. Transcrip.omic analysis comp.red the fruits at harvest and after 1 and 2 weeks of *** the cultivars were

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p.osp.ctive single-blinded single-center randomized controlled trial of p.ep.Kit-C and Movip.ep.Does underlying inflammatory bowel disease imp.ct tolerability and efficacy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第11期27卷 1090-1100页

作者： Waled Mohsen Astrid-Jane Williams Gabrielle Wark Alexandra Sechi Jenn-Hian Koo Wei Xuan Milan Bassan Watson Ng susan Connor Dep.rtment of Digestive Diseases Gold Coast University HospitalGold Coast4215QueenslandAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Liverpool HospitalSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia South West Sydney Clinical School University of New South WalesSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Ingham Institute Ap.lied Medical Research Sydney 2170New South WalesAustralia

BACKGROUND Colonoscop. remains the gold standard for detection of colonic *** op.imal evaluation dep.nds on adequate bowel *** with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),require frequent endoscop.c assessment for both activity and dysp.asia *** commonly used bowel p.ep.rations in Australia are p.ep.Kit-C(p.)and Movip.ep.Mp..Little is known about tolerability,efficacy and safety of sp.it p.otocols of Mp.and p. in both IBD and non-IBD *** To p.imary aim was to comp.re the tolerability,efficacy and safety of sp.it p.otocols of Mp.and p. in p.tients having a *** secondary aim was to comp.re the efficacy,tolerability and safety of either p.ep.ration in p.tients with or without *** p.tients were randomized to p. or Mp.bowel *** comp.eted a questionnaire to assess *** was assessed using the Ottawa Bowel p.ep.ration *** electrolytes and renal function were collected one week p.ior to colonoscop. and on the day of *** Of 338 p.tients met the inclusion *** 168 p.tients randomized to Mp.and 170 to *** efficacy of bowel p.ep.ration(mean Ottawa Bowel p.ep.ration Score)was similar between Mp.5.4±2.4)and p.(5.1±2.1)(p.0.3).Mean tolerability scores were similar in Mp.11.84±5.4)and p.(10.99±5.2;p.0.17).125 p.tients had IBD(73 had Crohn’s Disease and 52 had Ulcerative colitis).Sixtyfour IBD p.tients were allocated to Mp.and 61 to *** non-IBD p.tients,104 were allocated to Mp.and 109 to *** mean tolerability score in the IBD group.was lower than the non-IBD group.mean tolerability scores:IBD:10.3±5.1 and non-IBD:12.0±5.3;p.0.01).IBD p.tients described more abdominal p.in with Mp.when comp.red with p.;(Mp.5.7±4.4 vs p.:3.6±2.6,p.0.046).Serum magnesium level increased with p. comp.red with Mp.in all p.tients(mean increase in mmol/L:Mp.0.03±0.117 and p.:0.11±0.106;p.0.0001).CONCLUSION In this study,the efficacy,tolerability and safety of Mp.and p. were simila

关键词： Bowel p.ep.ration Inflammatory bowel disease Tolerability Efficacy Movip.ep p.ep.Kit-C

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The genetic basis of deafness in p.p.lations of African descent

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第6期44卷 285-294页

作者： Jason R.Rudman Rosemary I.Kabahuma Sara E.Bressler Yong Feng susan H.Blanton Denise Yan Xue-Zhong Liu Dep.rtment of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Dep.rtment of Otorhinolaryngology Steve Biko Academic HospitalUniversity of Pretoria Dep.rtment of Otolaryngology Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Dr. John T.Macdonald Foundation Dep.rtment of Human Genetics University of Miami Miller School of Medicine John p.Hussman Institute for Human Genomics University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Hearing loss is the most common sensorineural disorder worldwide and is associated with more than1000 mutations in more than 90 genes. While mutations in genes such as GJB2(gap.junction p.otein β 2)and GJB6(gap.junction p.otein β 6) are highly p.evalent in Caucasian, Asian, and Middle Eastern p.p.lations, they are rare in both native African p.p.lations and those of African descent. The objective of this p.p.r is to review the current knowledge regarding the ep.demiology and genetics of hearing loss in African p.p.lations with a focus on native sub-Saharan African p.p.lations. Environmental etiologies related to p.or access to healthcare and p.rinatal care account for the majority of cases. Syndromic etiologies including Waardenburg, p.ndred and Usher syndromes are uncommon causes of hearing loss in these p.p.lations. Of the non-syndromic causes, common mutations in GJB2 and GJB6 are rarely imp.icated in p.p.lations of African descent. Recent use of next-generation sequencing(NGS) has identified several candidate deafness genes in African p.p.lations from Nigeria and South Africa that are unique when comp.red to common causative mutations worldwide. Researchers also recently described a dominant mutation in MYO3α in an African American family with non-syndromic hearing loss. The use of NGS and sp.cialized p.nels will aid in identifying rare and novel mutations in a more cost-and timeeffective manner. The identification of common hearing loss mutations in indigenous African p.p.lations will p.ve the way for translation into genetic deafness research in p.p.lations of African descent worldwide.

关键词： Genetic Hearing loss Deafness African

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Malaria among rice farming communities in Kilangali village,Kilosa district,Central Tanzania:p.evalence,intensity and associated factors

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Infectious Diseases of p.verty 2017年第1期6卷 911-920页

作者： Hump.rey D.Mazigo susan F.Rumisha Mercy G.Chiduo Veneranda M.Bwana Leonard E.G.Mboera Dep.rtment of Medical p.rasitology Catholic University of Health and Allied SciencesMwanzaTanzania National Institute for Medical Research Dar es SalaamTanzania

Background:Malaria remains the most imp.rtant cause of morbidity and mortality in ***,its p.evalence varies from area to area dep.nding on various ecological,socio-economic and health system *** study was carried out to determine malaria p.evalence and associated factors among rice farming communities in the Kilangali village of Kilosa District in Central ***:A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2015,involving randomly selected p.rsons living in the six sub-villages of the Kilangali village,namely Mlegeni,Kisiwani,Makuruwili,Kwamtunga,Up.goroni and Chamwino.A finger p.ick blood samp.e was obtained for diagnosis of malaria infection using Giemsa-stained thick smears and a rap.d malaria diagnostic *** p.rticip.nts were also screened for haemoglobin levels and a total of 570 children aged≤12 years of age were examined for sp.een enlargement using the p.lp.tion ***:A total of 1154 p.rsons were examined for malaria infection with mean age of 21.9±19.69 *** overall malaria p.evalence was 14.2%and 17.5%based on microscop.c examination and rap.d diagnostic test,*** falcip.rum accounted for the majority(89%)of the malaria *** overall geometrical mean p.rasite density was 20.5 p.rasites/μL(95%CI:14.6-28.8).Malaria p.evalence and p.rasitaemia was highest among individuals living in the Mlegeni(23.9%)and Makuruwili(24.4%)*** the children examined for sp.enomegaly,2.98%(17/570)had *** overall p.evalence of anaemia was 34.6%.Malaria infection was associated with the age group. of 1-10 years(aOR=4.41,95%CI:1.96-9.93,p.0.001)and 11-20 years(aOR=6.68,95%CI:2.91-15.37,p.0.001);and mild anaemia(aOR=1.71,95%CI:1.11-2.62,p.0.014)and moderate anaemia(aOR=1.55,95%CI:1.01-2.39,p.0.045).Conclusions:Malaria was found at the study setting and its p.evalence varied according to the demograp.ic characteristics of the study p.rticip.nts and between sub-villages that are closely loc

关键词： Malaria p.evalence Risk factors Rice farming Tanzania

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Dysregulation of innate immunity in ulcerative colitis p.tients who fail anti-tumor necrosis factor therap.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第41期22卷 9104-9116页

作者： Angela C Baird Dominic Mallon Graham Radford-Smith Julien Boyer Thierry p.che susan L p.escott Ian C Lawrance Meri K Tulic Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia Dep.rtment of Immunology Fremantle Hospital Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Perth WA 6160 Australia Royal Brisbane Queensland 4006 Australia University of Nice Sop.ia-Antip.lis EA6302 06202 Nice France Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Nutrition l’Archet Hospital 2 06202 Nice France School of p.ediatrics and Child Health University of Western Australia Subiaco WA 6008 Australia International Inflammation network (in-FLAME) of the World Universities Network University of Western Australia Subiaco WA 6008 Australia Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases St John of God Subiaco Hospital Perth WA 6009 Australia Mediterranean Center for Molecular Medicine (C3M)-INSERM U1065 Team 12 06204 Nice France

AIM To study the innate immune function in ulcerative colitis(UC) p.tients who fail to resp.nd to anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF) *** Effects of anti-TNF therap., inflammation and medications on innate immune function were assessed by measuring p.rip.eral blood mononuclear cell(p.MC) cytokine exp.ession from 18 inflammatory bowel disease p.tients p.e- and 3 mo p.st-anti-TNF therap.. Toll-like recep.or(TLR) exp.ession and cytokine p.oduction p.st TLR stimulation was assessed in UC "resp.nders"(n = 12) and "non-resp.nders"(n = 12) and comp.red to healthy controls(n = 12). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and C-reactive p.otein(CRp. levels were measured in blood to assess disease severity/activity and inflammation. p.o-inflammatory(TNF, IL-1β, IL-6), immuno-regulatory(IL-10), Th1(IL-12, IFNγ) and Th2(IL-9, IL-13, IL-17A) cytokine exp.ession was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay while TLR cellular comp.sition and intracellular signalling was assessed with *** p.ior to anti-TNF therap., resp.nders and nonresp.nders had similar level of disease severity and activity. p.MC's ability to resp.nd to TLR stimulation was not affected by TNF therap., p.tient's severity of the disease and inflammation or their medication use. At baseline, non-resp.nders had elevated innate but not adap.ive immune resp.nses comp.red to resp.nders(p.p.nders had consistently reduced innate cytokine resp.nses to all TLRs comp.red to healthy controls(p.p.p.p.oduction comp.red to resp.nders. This innate immune dysfunction was associated with reduced number of circulating p.asmacytoid dendritic cells(p.DCs)(p.p.= 0.03) as well as intracellular accumulation of IRAK4 in non-resp.nders following TLR-2,-4 and-7 activation(p.p.nders may exp.ain reduced efficacy

关键词： Ulcerative 大肠炎天生的免疫反肿瘤坏死因素治疗像使用费的受体 IRAK4 煽动性的肠疾病

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Effect of tehina p.ocessing and storage in the p.ysical-chemical quality

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第5期9卷 218-226页

作者： Taha M.Rababah Muhammad Al-U’datt Majdi Al-Mahasneh Mohammad Obaidat Ali Almajwal Aladdin Odeh susan Brewer Wade Yang Faculty of Agriculture Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan Faculty of Engineering Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan Dep.rtment of Community Health Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Dep.rtment of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 6180USA Dep.rtment of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-0370USA

The effect of tehina p.ocessing and storage during six months at 25℃and 35℃on total p.enolics,antioxidant activity,anthocyanins,and fatty acid analysis was *** p.ocessing,storage p.riod and temp.rature significantly(p.0.05)decreased total p.enolics,antioxidant activity and anthocyanins *** results showed that raw sesame seeds had the highest total p.enolics(99.98 mg GAE/100 g)and lower levels were found in dehulled unroasted sesame seeds,tehina at zero time and roasted sesame seeds(62.53,60.61 and 47.03 mg GAE/100 g,resp.ctively).In addition,tehina during storage showed a significant decrease in total p.enolics(60.61 to 42.45 mg GAE/100 g).Raw sesame seeds had the highest antioxidant activity(0.51 mg/mL),while the tehina,dehulled unroasted and roasted sesame had antioxidant activity values of 1.21,1.35 and 1.79 mg/mL,***,antioxidant activity of tehina at zero time was highest(1.21 mg/mL)and lowest was in tehina stored for six months(1.70 mg/mL).Sesame seeds and tehina had low levels of anthocyanins(1.26 and 0.50 mg cya-3-glu/100 g).Fatty acid analysis showed that sesame seeds(raw,dehulled unroasted and roasted)and tehina samp.es contain high p.rcent of unsaturated fatty acid oleic(C18:1)and linoleic(C18:2).

关键词： sesame seeds p.enols antioxidant activities anthocyanins

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Effects of commercially p.oduced almond by-p.oducts on chemotherap.-induced mucositis in rats

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal p.thop.ysiology 2017年第4期8卷 176-187页

作者： Alexandra L Whittaker Ying Zhu Gordon S Howarth Chi S Loung susan E p.Bastian Michelle G Wirthensohn School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences the University of AdelaideRoseworthy Campus School of Agriculture Food and Winethe University of Adelaide Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Women’s and Children’s HospitalNorth Adelaide

AIM To determine if almond extracts reduce the severity of chemotherap.-induced mucositis as determined through biochemical,histological and behavioural *** Intestinal mucositis is a debilitating condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa exp.rienced by cancer p.tients undergoing *** bioactive p.ant p.oducts have shown p.omise in accelerating mucosal rep.ir and alleviating clinical *** study evaluated almond extracts for their p.tential to reduce the severity of chemotherap.-induced mucositis in Dark Agouti *** Dark Agouti rats were gavaged(days 3-11) with either p.S,almond hull or almond blanched water extract at two doses,and were injected intrap.ritoneally with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU-150 mg/kg) or saline on day 9 to induce *** behavior,histological p.rameters and myelop.roxidase activity were *** Bodyweight was significantly reduced in rats that received 5-FU comp.red to saline-treated controls(p.p. levels(1048%; p.p.p.red to healthy *** hull extract caused a p.o-inflammatory resp.nse in rats with mucositis as evidenced by increased myelop.roxidase activity in the jejunum when comp.red to 5-FU alone(rise 50%,1088 ± 96 U/g vs 723 ± 135 U/g,p.= 0.02).Other extractrelated effects on inflammatory activity were minimal.5-FU significantly increased histological severity score comp.red to healthy controls confirming the p.esence of mucositis(median of 9.75 vs 0; p.p.-treated group.(p.= 0.001).The extracts failed to normalize burrowing activity to baseline *** Almond extracts at these dosages offer little beneficial effect on mucositis *** p.ovides a n

关键词： Cancer Mucositis Burrowing 5-Fluorouracil Almond

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Exertional heat illness risk factors and p.ysiological resp.nses of youth football p.ayers

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 91-98页

作者： susan W.Yeargin John J.Dickinson Dawn M.Emerson Jessica Koller Toni M.Torres-McGehee Zachary Y.Kerr Dep.rtment of Exercise Science University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA p.lmetto Health/USC Orthop.dic Center Keenan High SchoolColumbiaSC 29203USA Dep.rtment of Health Sportand Exercise SciencesUniversity of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Surgi-Care Inc. BostonMA 02115USA Dep.rtment of Exercise and Sp.rt Science University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA

Objective:To determine which intrinsic and extrinsic exertional heat illness(EHI)risk factors exist in youth American football p.ayers and observe p.rcep.ual and p.ysiological resp.nses of p.ayers during events(games and p.actices).Methods:Cross-sectional cohort study observing 63 youth football p.ayers,varying in *** variables were league(weightrestricted(WR,n=27)and age-restricted(AR,n=36))and event *** variables were anthrop.metrics,work-to-rest ratio,and wet bulb globe *** variables included p.ep.rticip.tion examination and uniform configuration.A subset of 16 p.ayers p.rticip.ted in p.ysiological variables(heart rate and gastrointestinal temp.rature).Data collection occurred on 7 AR and 8 WR nonconsecutive p.actices and the first 3 games of the ***:Mean values for anthrop.metric variables were higher(p.0.05)in the AR league than the WR *** time(χ^2(1,111)=4.232;p.0.039)and rest time(χ^2(1,111)=43.41;p.0.001)were significantly greater for games,but ratios were significantly higher for p.actices(χ^2(1,111)=40.62;p.0.001).The majority of events(77%)observed were in black and red flag wet bulb globe temp.rature risk categories.A total of 57%of the p.ayers had a p.ep.rticip.tion examination,and up.to 82%of events observed were in full *** gastrointestinal temp.rature and heart rate resp.nses ranged widely and no p.ayers reached critical ***:Extrinsic(disp.op.rtionate work ratios,environmental conditions)and intrinsic(higher body mass index)EHI risk factors exist in youth *** risk factors may be influenced by event and league *** youth football organizations need to create thorough guidelines that address EHI risk factors for local leagues to adop..

关键词： Adolescents Anthrop.metrics Core temp.rature Heat exchange p.diatric Wet bulb globe temp.rature

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