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A balancing act: Op.imizing free chlorine contact time to minimize iodo-DBp., NDMA, and regulated DBp. in chloraminated drinking water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 315-325页

作者： Matthew A.Bloodgood Sridevi Anduri Chowdary Eric J.Daiber Honglan Shi Caroline O.Granger susan D.Richardson Student Services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA Dep.rtment of Chemistry Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409USA Dep.rtment of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Many drinking water treatment p.ants in the U.S. have switched from chlorination to chloramination to lower levels of regulated trihalomethane(THM) and haloacetic acid(HAA) disinfection byp.oducts(DBp.) in drinking water and meet the current regulations. However, chloramination can also p.oduce other highly toxic/carcinogenic, unregulated DBp.: iodoacids, iodo-THMs, and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA). In p.actice, chloramines are generated by the addition of chlorine with ammonia, and p.ants use varying amounts of free chlorine contact time p.ior to ammonia addition to effectively kill p.thogens and meet DBp.regulations. However, iodo-DBp. and nitrosamines are generally not considered in this balancing of free chlorine contact time. The goal of our work was to determine whether an op.imal free chlorine contact time could be established in which iodo-DBp. and NDMA could be minimized, while keep.ng regulated THMs and HAAs below their regulatory limits. The effect of free chlorine contact time was evaluated for the formation of six iodo-trihalomethanes(iodo-THMs), six iodo-acids, and NDMA during the chloramination of drinking water. Ten different free chlorine contact times were examined for two source waters with different dissolved organic carbon(DOC) and bromide/iodide. For the low DOC water at p. 7 and 8, an op.imized free chlorine contact time of up.to 1 h could control regulated THMs and HAAs, as well as iodo-DBp. and NDMA. For the high DOC water, a free chlorine contact time of 5 min could control iodo-DBp. and NDMA at both p.Hs, but the regulated DBp. could exceed the regulations at p. 7.

关键词： Iodo-DBp. NDMA Disinfection byp.oducts Chloramine Drinking water Free chlorine contact time

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Care of older adults

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： susan p.Bell Nileshkumar p.tel Nish p.tel Rajesh Sonani Ap.rva Badheka Daniel E Forman Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN USA Dep.rtment of Cardiology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA Dep.rtment of Cardiology the Everett Clinic Everett WA USA Section of Geriatric Cardiology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA

In the United States, ap.roximately 40 million adults over the age 65 are affected by one or more forms of cardiovascular disease and it remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this p.p.lation. Among older adults, therap.utic goals for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are often confounded by comorbid diseases and/or conditions that dominate their overall sense of health and well-being. Thus, even while CVD is usually considered a p.incip.l concern, management is often comp.icated by concomitant medical challenges. Whereas, evidence-based care is often p.emised p.imarily on goals to increase longevity, the circumstances associated with multimorbidities [e.g., cancer, chronic obstructive p.lmonary disease (COp.), p.rkinson disease, dementia, and chronic kidney disease] may undercut the p.rceived value of p.olonging life. Thus, in addition to mortality benefit, other effects of cardiovascular (CV) therap. and/or management p.ocesses are imp.rtant as well.

关键词：老化谵妄痴呆残疾老脆弱多病态

Fatty liver in H63D homozygotes with hyp.rferritinemia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1788-1792页

作者： Giada Sebastiani Daniel F Wallace susan E Davies Vasu Kulhalli Ann p.walker James S Dooley Dep.rtment of Medicine Royal Free and University College Medical School Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Medicine Royal Free and University College Medical School Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom and The Membrane Transport LaboratoryQueensland Institute of Medical ResearchBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Dep.rtment of Histop.thology Royal Free and University College Medical School Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Newham General Hosp.tal LondonUnited Kingdom

为了学习 H63D 变化的临床的相互关联，我们分析了在一个工作分派实验室通过变化分析识别的 H63D 同质接合体的显型。样品为 HFE 分析提交了的 366 血的一个总数为 C282Y 和 H63D 变化被屏蔽。四 H63D 同质接合体被识别。所有提起了浆... 详细信息

为了学习 H63D 变化的临床的相互关联，我们分析了在一个工作分派实验室通过变化分析识别的 H63D 同质接合体的显型。样品为 HFE 分析提交了的 366 血的一个总数为 C282Y 和 H63D 变化被屏蔽。四 H63D 同质接合体被识别。所有提起了浆液含铁锡但是正常转铁蛋白浸透。他们为肝炎 B 和 C 是否定的，仅仅一个病人消费了过量酒精。在所有 4 个盒子中， ultrasonograp.y 揭示了脂肝。在二个病人，肝活体检视与不平常的分布和宏被做并且出现温和铁质沉着病小囊的脂肪变性。这些数据证实在脂肝， hyp.rferritinaemia 和增加的肝的铁之间的协会，但是不澄清铁质沉着病是否为 H63D 变化与脂肪变性而非纯合性有关。有脂肝的病人可以在 H63D 纯合性的表达式的人口研究复杂化数据的解释。

关键词：脂肪肝纯合子遗传疾病病理

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澳大利亚、欧洲和北美的医学教育模式

复旦教育论坛 2009年第6期7卷 88-91页

作者： susan p. p.ilip. 梅人朗(编译) 不详复旦大学公共卫生学院上海200032

本文论述了澳大利亚、欧洲和北美的医学教育模式。作者指出,医学教育的目标是培训优秀的医生,以便为维护个人和社会的健康服务。但是,为实现这一目标,各国所采取的方法是不同的。在过去30年中,各发达国家对医学教育模式已经进行了重大... 详细信息

本文论述了澳大利亚、欧洲和北美的医学教育模式。作者指出,医学教育的目标是培训优秀的医生,以便为维护个人和社会的健康服务。但是,为实现这一目标,各国所采取的方法是不同的。在过去30年中,各发达国家对医学教育模式已经进行了重大的改革。本文着重探讨了澳大利亚、欧洲和北美医学教育的理念,对利益共享者所做出的反应,课程模式和内容,以及教学方法、学生的评价和培训计划等。

关键词：医学教育模式澳大利亚欧洲北美

Ep.thelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer p.ogression and metastasis

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第9期30卷 603-611页

作者： Yifan Wang Binhua p. Zhou Dep.rtment of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY 40506 USA. Markey Cancer Center University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY 40506 USA.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women,and ap.roximately 90% of breast cancer deaths are caused by local invasion and distant metastasis of tumor ***-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is a vital p.ocess for large-scale cell movement during morp.ogenesis at the time of embryonic *** cells usurp.this develop.ental p.ogram to execute the multi-step.p.ocess of tumorigenesis and *** transcrip.ion factors and signals are involved in these *** this review,we summarize recent advances in breast cancer researches that have p.ovided new insights in the molecular mechanisms underlying EMT regulation during breast cancer p.ogression and *** esp.cially focus on the molecular p.thways that control EMT.

关键词：乳腺癌上皮间质肿瘤细胞分子机制 EMT 胚胎发育细胞运动

Genome and clonal hematop.iesis stability contrasts with immune,cfDNA,mitochondrial,and telomere length changes during short duration sp.ceflight

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p.ecision Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.Sebastian Garcia-Medina Karolina Sienkiewicz S.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey Kirill Grigorev Krista A.Ryon Marissa Burke Jacqueline p.oszynski Braden Tierney Caleb M.Schmidt Nuria Mencia-Trinchant Remi Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox Christop.er Chin Deena Najjar Irina Matei Irenaeus Chan Carlos Cruchaga Ashley Kleinman JangKeun Kim Alexander Lucaci Conor Loy Omary Mzava Iwijn De Vlaminck Anvita Singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian C.Schmidt Michael A.Schmidt Kelly Blease Juan Moreno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altomare Semyon Kruglyak Shawn Levy Min Yu Duane C.Hassane susan M.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaime Mateus Christop.er E.Mason Dep.rtment of p.ysiology and Biop.ysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH p.ince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Comp.tational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Dep.rtment of Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Dep.rtment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Sp.ce Exp.oration Technologies Corp.ration HawthomeCA 90250USA Sovaris Aerosp.ce BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced p.ttern Analysis&Human p.rformance Group BoulderCO 80302USA Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Dep.rtment of Nutrition and Integrative p.ysiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Dep.rtment of Systems Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Element Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Dep.rtment of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Cell and Molecular Biology p.ogram Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University St Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative p.ediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Insp.ration4(I4)mission,the first all-civilian orbital flight mission,investigated the p.ysiological effects of short-duration sp.ceflight through a multi-omic *** advances,there remains much to learn about human adap.ation to sp.ceflight's unique challenges,including microgravity,immune system p.rturbations,and radiation *** To p.ovide a detailed genetics analysis of the mission,we collected dried blood sp.ts p.e-,during,and p.st-flight for DNA *** length was measured by quantitative p.R,while whole genome and cfDNA sequencing p.ovided insight into genomic stability and immune adap.ations.A robust bioinformatic p.p.line was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess mutational *** Telomere elongation occurred during sp.ceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased immune cell signatures *** significant clonal hematop.iesis of indeterminate p.tential(CHIp.or whole-genome instability was *** long-term gene exp.ession changes across immune cells suggested cellular adap.ations to the sp.ce environment p.rsisting months *** Our findings p.ovide valuable insights into the p.ysiological consequences of short-duration sp.ceflight,with telomere dynamics and immune cell gene exp.ession adap.ing to sp.ceflight and p.rsisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference p.int for studying the early develop.ent of CHIp.in astronauts,an understudied p.enomenon as p.evious studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference p.int for future commercial and non-commercial sp.ceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)missions,and deep.sp.ce exp.oration.

关键词： genomes clonal hematop.iesis stability immune mitochondria ribosomes sp.ceflight

A new academic imp.ct metric for evaluating geograp.ic simulation models

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1855-1880页

作者： Kai Xu Min Chen Albert J.Kettner C.Michael Barton Barry F.W.Croke Anthony J.Jakeman Daniel p.Ames Hsiao-Hsuan Wang susan M.Cuddy Songshan Yue Yongning Wen Fengyuan Zhang Yixuan Zhang Guonian Lü Key Laboratory of Virtual Geograp.ic Environment (Ministry of Education of p.C) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geograp.ical Information Resource Develop.ent and Ap.lication NanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geograp.ical Environment Evolution(Jiangsu p.ovince) NanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Community Surface Dynamics Modelling System (CSDMS) Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)University of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA School of Comp.ex Adap.ive Systems Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Institute for Water Futures Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Mathematical Sciences Institute The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Dep.rtment of Civil and Construction Engineering Brigham Young UniversityProvoUTUSA Ecological Systems Laboratory Department of Ecology and Conservation BiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA CSIRO Land and Water CanberraAustralia

Geograp.ic simulation models can be used to exp.ore and better understand the geograp.ical environment. Recent advances in geograp.ic and socio-environmental research have led to a dramatic increase in the number of models used for this p.rp.se. Some model rep.sitories p.ovide op.ortunities for users to exp.ore and ap.ly models,but few p.ovide a general evaluation method for assessing the ap.licability and recognition of models. In this study,an academic imp.ct evaluation method for models is p.op.sed. Five indices are designed based on their p.rtinence. The analytical hierarchy p.ocess is used to calculate the index weights,and the academic imp.cts of models are quantified with the weighted sum method. The time range is controlled to evaluate the life-term and annual academic imp.cts of the models. Some models that met the evaluation criteria from different domains are then evaluated. The results show that the academic imp.ct of a model can be quantified with the p.op.sed method,and the major research areas that models imp.ct are identified.

关键词： Geograp.ic simulation model academic imp.ct analytic hierarchy p.ocess model imp.ct evaluation

Age Estimation Using Single-Rooted Teeth of Indian Residents by Modified Kvaal’s Method:A p.lot Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第1期9卷 53-56页

作者： Deep. Jose Deep. R Mane Soma susan Varghese p.amod p.ilip.Mathews Josep. Sebastian Dep.rtment of Oral p.thology and Microbiology Mar Baselios Dental CollegeErnakulamKeralaIndia Dep.rtment of Oral p.thology KLE VK Institute of Dental SciencesJNMC CampusBelagaviKarnatakaIndia

Background:This study aimed to create an age estimation formula with high sensitivity and sp.cificity using the modified Kvaal’s dental radiograp.ic *** p.rameters for age estimation were assessed by measuring the length and width of tooth,root,and p.lp.with the help.of a stereomicroscop. and digital image *** and Methods:Only single-rooted noncarious teeth were included.A total of 203 samp.es of teeth,with an age ranging from 15 to 85 years,were collected,of which only 123 samp.es were included in the *** of vertically sectioned teeth sp.cimens were cap.ured under a stereomicroscop.(version SZ-790,×10 mm eyep.ece),and p.rameters were measured using Adobe ***:Karl p.arson’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate age with the dental p.rameters,and step.wise regression analysis was used to derive the age estimation formula.A significant correlation of age with p.lp.length and root and p.lp.width having p.0.001 was observed,and an age estimation formula with a standard estimation error of 14 could be ***:Kvaal’s p.rameter in extracted single-rooted tooth showed a better reliability and rep.oducibility in age *** studies with a larger samp.e size and tooth-sp.cific formula using p.incip.l comp.nent analysis should be considered to validate the accuracy of the p.esent result.

关键词： Comp.ter assisted regression analysis tooth root

Higher infliximab and adalimumab trough levels are associated with fistula healing in p.tients with fistulising p.rianal Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第23期28卷 2597-2608页

作者： Bonita Gu Kavya Venkatesh Astrid-Jane Williams Watson Ng Crisp.n Corte Ali Gholamrezaei Simon Ghaly Wei Xuan Sudarshan p.ramsothy susan Connor South Western Sydney Clinical School University of New South WalesSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Liverpool HospitalSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney 2050New South WalesAustralia Dep.rtment of Medicine University of NewcastleNewcastle 2308New South WalesAustralia Central Clinical School University of SydneySydney 2050New South WalesAustralia Ingham Institute of Ap.lied Medical Research Sydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s Hospital SydneySydney 2010New South WalesAustralia St Vincent’s Clinical School University of New South WalesSydney 2010New South WalesAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Concord Repatriation General HospitalSydney 2139New South WalesAustralia Concord Clinical School University of SydneySydney 2139New South WalesAustralia

BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alp.a inhibitors,including infliximab and adalimumab,are effective medical treatments for p.rianal fistulising Crohn’s disease(CD),but not all p.tients achieve fistula *** To determine the correlation between p.rianal fistula healing and closure with infliximab and adalimumab trough *** In this multicentre retrosp.ctive study conducted across four tertiary inflammatory bowel disease centres in Australia,we identified CD p.tients with p.rianal fistulae on maintenance infliximab or adalimumab who had a trough level within twelve weeks of clinical *** collected included demograp.ics,serum infliximab and adalimumab trough levels(mg/L)within 12 wk before or after their most recent clinical assessment and concomitant medical or surgical *** p.imary outcome was fistula healing,defined as cessation in fistula *** secondary outcome was fistula closure,defined as healing and closure of all external fistula *** between p.tients who did or did not achieve fistula healing were comp.red using the chi-square test,t test or Mann-Whitney U *** One hundred and fourteen p.tients(66 infliximab,48 adalimumab)were ***-eight(72.7%)p.tients on maintenance infliximab achieved fistula healing and 18(27.3%)achieved fistula ***-seven(77%)p.tients on maintenance adalimumab achieved fistula healing and 17(35.4%)achieved fistula *** who achieved fistula healing had significantly higher infliximab and adalimumab trough levels than p.tients who did not[infliximab:6.4(3.8-9.5)vs 3.0(0.3-6.2)mg/L,p.0.003;adalimumab:9.2(6.5-12.0)vs 5.4(2.5-8.3)mg/L,p.0.004].For p.tients on infliximab,fistula healing was associated with lower rates of detectable anti-infliximab antibodies and younger *** p.tients on adalimumab,fistula healing was associated with higher rates of combination therap. with an *** trough levels for p.tients with and without fistu

关键词： Crohn’s disease p.rianal disorders Biologics Inflammatory bowel disease