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Phylogenetic relationships of native and introduced Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) from China and India based on mtCOI DNA sequencing and host plant comparisons

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2007年第6期17卷 645-654页

作者： susan A.Coats Ali m.Idris Judith K.Brown Department of Plant Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

Phylogenetic relationships for Bemisia tabaci were reconstructed by analysis of a ～780 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene with an emphasis on geographic range and distribution among eight eudicot plant families that are common hosts of B. tabaci worldwide to elucidate key phylogeographic linkages between populations extant in China (n=31) and India (n=34). Bootstrap values for the maximum Parsimony tree were highly robust for all major nodes involving the major Asian clade, subgroups, and sister groups within, at 92%—100%. Between-clade distances for the Southeast Asia and three other major clades, e.g. from sub-Sahara Africa, North Africa-mediterranean, and the Americas, were approximately >16% divergent. Two major Asian subgroups (I, II) were resolved, which represented populations indigenous to the region, comprising two (I a, I b) and five (II a—e) sister groups, respectively, which diverged by 11%. Two distinct populations from sunflower in Hyderabad grouped separately within the two Asian subgroups. All other populations grouped uniquely within Asian subgroup II or I. The "B" biotype was identified in 23 collections from China at 97.3%—99.5% nucleotide identity with "B" biotype reference sequences; it was not identified in collections from India. The majority of haplotypes were associated with 3—4 plant families, with one exception that for sister group IId (sesame, India), it might be monophagous. Thus, B. tabaci from the southeastern and near eastern regions of the Asian continent comprise of a large number of ancestral, richly divergent, mostly polyphagous populations. This region is therefore hypothesized to constitute an important Old World center of diversification for the B. tabaci complex, together with sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci complex cytochrome oxidase I host range phylogenetic relationship

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Ron receptor-dependent gene regulation of Kupffer cells during endotoxemia

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第3期13卷 281-292页

作者： Rishikesh m Kulkarni William D Stuart susan E Waltz Department of Cancer Biology University of Cincinnati Department of Research Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center

BACKGROUND: Ron receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in macrophages, including Kupffer cells and alveolar macrophages,suppresses endotoxin-induced proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine production. Further, we have also identified genes from Ron replete and Ron deplete livers that were differentially expressed during the progression of liver inflammation associated with acute liver failure in mice by microarray *** important genes and signaling pathways have been identified downstream of Ron signaling during progression of inflammation by this approach, the precise role that Ron receptor plays in regulating the transcriptional landscape in macrophages, and particular in isolated Kupffer cells, has still not been ***: Kupffer cells were isolated from wild-type(TK+/+)and Ron tyrosine kinase deficient(TK-/-) mice. Ex vivo, the cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the presence or absence of the Ron ligand, hepatocyte growth factor-like protein(HGFL). microarray and qRT-PCR analyses were utilized to identify alterations in gene expression between ***: microarray analyses identified genes expressed differentially in TK+/+ and TK-/- Kupffer cells basally as well as after HGFL and LPS treatment. Interestingly, our studies identified mefv, a gene that codes for the anti-inflammatory protein pyrin, as an HGFL-stimulated Ron-dependent ***, lipocalin 2, a proinflammatory gene, which is induced by LPS, was significantly suppressed by HGFL *** results were validated by qRT-PCR studies on Kupffer cells treated with LPS and ***: The studies herein suggest a novel mechanism whereby HGFL-induced Ron receptor activation promotes the expression of anti-inflammatory genes while inhibiting genes involved in inflammation with a net effect of diminished inflammation in macrophages.

关键词： mst1R mefv Lcn2 met receptor Kupffer cells macrophages

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在重症监护室，可以利用人工智能进行医疗监护

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科技纵览 2018年第10期 32-37页

作者： Behnood Gnolami Wassimm.Haddad James m.bailey mcKibillo(插图)

我们的自主医疗公司（Autonomous Healthcare）位于新泽西州的霍博肯，致力于设计建造首批面向重症监护室的人工智能系统。这些技术是为了给患者提供警觉且细致的医疗护理，就像有一位医疗专家时刻陪伴在患者床前，为患者悉心调节治疗... 详细信息

我们的自主医疗公司（Autonomous Healthcare）位于新泽西州的霍博肯，致力于设计建造首批面向重症监护室的人工智能系统。这些技术是为了给患者提供警觉且细致的医疗护理，就像有一位医疗专家时刻陪伴在患者床前，为患者悉心调节治疗方案。此系统能够减轻重症监护室医护人员过重的工作负担。

关键词：人工智能系统医疗监护重症监护利用新泽西州设计建造治疗方案医护人员

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How well does XAD resin extraction recover halogenated disinfection byproducts for comprehensive identification and toxicity testing?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 264-275页

作者： Xiaobin Liao Joshua m.Allen Caroline O.Granger susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Institute of municipal and Environmental Engineering College of Civil EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityFujian 361021China Currently at LanzaTech 535 Commerce DriveSopertonGeorgia 30457USA

Halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) are an unintended consequence of drinking water disinfection, and can have significant toxicity. XAD resins are commonly used to extract and enrich trace levels of DBPs for comprehensive, nontarget identification of DBPs and also for in vitro toxicity studies. However, XAD resin recoveries for complete classes of halogenated DBPs have not been evaluated, particularly for low, environmentally relevant levels(ng/L to low μg/L). Thus, it is not known whether levels of DBPs or the toxicity of drinking water might be underestimated. In this study, DAX-8/XAD-2 layered resins were evaluated, considering both adsorption and elution from the resins, for extracting 66 DBPs from water. Results demonstrate that among the 7 classes of DBPs investigated, trihalomethanes(THms), including iodo-THms, were the most efficiently adsorbed, with recovery of most THms ranging from 50%-96%, followed by halonitromethanes(40%-90%). The adsorption ability of XAD resins for haloacetonitriles, haloacetamides, and haloacetaldehydes was highly dependent on the individual species. The adsorption capacity of XAD resins for haloacetic acids was lower(5%-48%), even after adjusting to p H 1 before extraction. Recovery efficiency for most DBPs was comparable with their adsorption, as most were eluted effectively from XAD resins by ethyl acetate. DBP polarity and molecular weight were the two most important factors that determine their recovery. Recovery of trichloromethane, iodoacetic acid, chloro-and iodo-acetonitrile, and chloroacetamide were among the lowest, which could lead to underestimation of toxicity, particularly for iodoacetic acid and iodo-acetonitrile, which are highly toxic.

关键词： XAD resins Disinfection byproducts DBPs Recovery Toxicity

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Functionalized, carbon nanotube material for the catalytic degradation of organophosphate nerve agents

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 390-398页

作者： mark m. bailey John m. Heddleston Jeffrey Davis Jessica L. Staymates Angela R. Hight Walker National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division Gaithersburg MD USA National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Materials Measurement Science Division Gaithersburg MD USA Present Address: United States Army medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAmRIID) Center for Aerobiological Sciences Fort Detrick MD USA

Recent world events have emphasized the need to develop innovative, functional materials that will safely neutralize chemical warfare （CW） agents in situ to protect military personnel and civilians from dermal exposure. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel, proof-of-concept design for a Cu-containing catalyst, chemically bonded to a single-wall carbon nanotube （SWCNT） structural support, to effectively degrade an organophosphate simulant. SWCNTs have high tensile strength and are flexible and light-weight, which make them a desirable structural component for unique, fabric-like materials. This study aims to develop a self-decontaminating, carbon nanotube-derived material that can ultimately be incorporated into a wearable fabric or protective material to minimize dermal exposure to organophosphate nerve agents and to prevent accidental exposure during decontamination procedures. Carboxylated SWCNTs were functionalized with a polymer, which contained Cu-chelating bipyridine groups, and their catalytic activity against an organophosphate simulant was measured over time. The catalytically active, functionalized nanomaterial was characterized using X-ray fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. Assuming zeroth-order reaction kinetics, the hydrolysis rate of the organophosphate simulant, as monitored by UV-vis absorption in the presence of the catalytically active nanomaterial, was 63 times faster than the uncatalyzed hydrolysis rate for a sample containing only carboxylated SWCNTs or a control sample containing no added nanotube materials.

关键词： single-wall carbonnanotubefunctionalization catalytically-activenanomaterial chemical warfare agent

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Iridoid glycosides from fruits reduce the growth of fungi associated with fruit rot

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 357-366页

作者： susan R.Whitehead Jordan Tiramani m.Deane Bowers Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA museum of Natural History University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Aims Ripe,fleshy fruits generally function as rewards to attract mutualistic seed dispersers,but many fruits also contain high concentrations of toxic secondary *** compounds may serve a variety of adaptive roles in seed dispersal or as a defense against non-dispersing seed predators or *** tested the effects of iridoid glycosides from fruits of a hybrid bush honeysuckle,Lonicera×bella,on the growth of two pathogenic fungal strains associated with fruit rot,Alternaria tenuissima and Aspergillus *** Fungi were isolated from field-collected L.×bella fruits and identified using molecular *** growth rates were assessed in vitro in the presence of varying concentrations of pure loganin,one of the most abundant iridoid glycosides in fruits,as well as fruit extracts containing a mix of at least seven different iridoid *** FindingsLoganin had strong dose-dependent negative effects on the growth of both *** from fruits had no effect on Aspergillus but a strong antifungal effect on Alternaria that increased with fruit *** iridoid glycoside concentrations in extracts were not good predictors of variation in fungal growth,but several individual compounds had significant negative *** iridoid glycosides have primarily been studied as antiherbivore defenses in leaves,these results indicate that they can also function to reduce the growth of fungi associated with fruit rot.

关键词： Caprifoliaceae fruit rot fruit secondary metabolites generalized defense Lonicera plant-pathogen interactions

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Testosterone deficiency：a historical perspective

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第2期16卷 161-168,I0006页

作者： Eberhard Nieschlag susan Nieschlag Center of Reproductive medicine and Andrology University Hospital of M(Jnster MOnster Germany Center of Excellence in Genomic medicine Research King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia.

The biological effects of the testes and testosterone are known since antiquity. Aristotle knew the effects of castration and his hypothesis on fertilization is one of the first scientific encounters in reproductive biology. Over centuries, castration has been performed as punishment and to produce obedient slaves, but also to preserve the soprano voices of prepubertal boys. The Chinese imperial （and other oriental） courts employed castrates as overseers in harems who often obtained high-ranking political positions. The era of testis transplantation and organotherapy was initiated by John Hunter in London who transplanted testes into capons in 1786. The intention of his experiments was to prove the ＇vital principle＇ as the basis for modern transplantation medicine, but Hunter did not consider endocrine aspects. Arnold Adolph Berthold postulated internal secretion from his testicular transplantation experiments in 1849 in Gottingen and is thus considered the father of endocrinology. Following his observations, testicular preparations were used for therapy, popularized by self-experiments by Charles-Edouard Brown-Sequard in Paris （1889）, which can at best have placebo effects. In the 1920s Sergio Voronoff transplanted testes from animals to men, but their effectiveness was disproved. Today testicular transplantation is being refined by stem cell research and germ cell transplantation. modern androgen therapy started in 1935 when Enrest Lacquer isolated testosterone from bull testes in Amsterdam. In the same year testosterone was chemically synthesized independently by Adolf Butenandt in G6ttingen and Leopold Ruzicka in Basel. Since testosterone was ineffective orally it was either compressed into subcutaneous pellets or was used orally as 17α-methyl testosterone, now obsolete because of liver toxicity. The early phases of testosterone treatment coincide with the first description of the most prominent syndromes of hypogonadism by Klinefelter, by Kallmann, DelCastillo

关键词： castration testosteron testosterone deficiency

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Oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in a normal colon epithelial cell line

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第19期23卷 3427-3439页

作者： Nandakumar Packiriswamy Kari F Coulson susan J Holcombe Lorraine m Sordillo Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University

AIm To determine how a normal human colon cell line reacts to microbial challenge as a way to study oxidative stress-induced responses associated with inflammatory bowel *** Normal human colon epithelial cells(ATCC?CRL.1790?)were stimulated with either heat killed *** or heat killed murine cecal contents(HKC)and examined for several relevant biomarkers associated with inflammation and oxidative stress including cytokine production,mitochondrial autophagy and oxidant ***α,IL-1βand IL-8 protein concentrations were measured within the *** microscopy was performed to quantify the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)using an oxidation responsive fluorogenic *** morphology and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed by dual staining using COXIV antibody and a dye concentrating in active *** ROS scavenger was used to determine the source of ROS in stimulated *** was detected by staining for the presence of autophagic *** controls for autophagy and ROS/RNS experiments were treated with rapamycin and *** morphology,ROS production and autophagy microscopy experiments were analyzed using a custom acquisition and analysis microscopy software(Image J).RESULTS Exposing CRL.1790 cells to microbial challenge stimulated cells to produce several relevant biomarkers associated with inflammation and oxidative *** killed cecal contents treatment induced a 10-12fold increase in IL-8 production by CRL.1790 cells compared to unstimulated controls at 6 and 12 h(Pmulation resulted in a4-5 fold increase in IL-8 compared to the unstimulated control cells at each time point(Pmulated robust ROS production at 6(Pmitochondrial morphologic abnormalities were detected at 6 and12 h based on reduced mitochondrial circularity and decreased mitochondrial membr

关键词： Colon cancer cell line CRL.1790 cells Inflammation mitochondria microbial stimulation Interleukin-8 Autophagy

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mental and physical symptoms associated with lower social support for patients with hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第29期12卷 4665-4672页

作者： Julie A Blasiole Laura Shinkunas Douglas R LaBrecque Robert m Arnold susan L Zickmund VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion PittsburghPAUnited States Department of Epidemiology University of Iowa School of Public Health Iowa CityIAUnited States Department of Internal medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa CityIAUnited States Department of medicine University of Pittsburgh School of medicine PittsburghPAUnited States Department of medicine University of Pittsburgh School of medicine VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemCenter for Health Equity Research and PromotionPittsburghPAUnited States

AIm: To systematically examine the impact of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis on patients' level of social support in a large-scale study. mETHODS: Patients evaluated and treated for HCV in a tertiary referral center were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Demographic data, functional and emotional status as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), severity of liver disease, mode of acquisition, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities were collected from patients or abstracted from the medical record. All participants completed a semi-structured interview, addressing questions of social support. RESULTS: A total of 342 patients (mean age 45.2 years; 37% women) were enrolled. Ninety-two (27%) patients described lower levels of support by family and friends. Nearly half of the participants (45%) noted the loss of at least one relationship due to the disease. Fears related to transmitting the disease (25%) were common and often associated with ignorance or even discrimination by others (19%). Nearly one fifth of the patients did not share information about their disease with others to avoid being stigmatized. Lower levels of social support were significantly associated with living alone, being unemployed, being excluded from antiviral therapy, having psychiatric comorbidities, contracting HCV through intravenous drug use, having high levels of anxiety and depression as measured by the HAD and negative mood state as measured by the SIP. Patients reporting lower levels of social support also noted more physical symptoms as measured by the SIP. CONCLUSION: Patients with hepatitis C often face significant social problems, ranging from social isolation to familial stress. The most common concerns reflect a limited insight of patients and their relatives and friends about the disease, the risk factors for its spread, and about potential consequences. Our data suggest that educational interventions targeting

关键词： Hepatitis C Social support Depression Anxiety Quality of life Stigmatization

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Novel interactions of mitochondria and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in alcohol mediated liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第37期13卷 4967-4973页

作者： Sudheer K mantena Adrienne L King Kelly K Andringa Aimee Landar Victor Darley-Usmar Shannon m.bailey Department of Environmental Health Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 United States Department of Pathology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 United States

mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be a contributing factor to a number of diseases including chronic alcohol induced liver injury. While there is a detailed understanding of the metabolic pathways and proteins of the liver mitochondrion, little is known regarding how changes in the mitochondrial proteome may contribute to the development of hepatic pathologies. Emerging evidence indicates that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species disrupt mitochondrial function through post-translational modifications to the mitochondrial proteome. Indeed, various new affinity labeling reagents are available to test the hypothesis that post-translational modification of proteins by reactive species contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and alcoholic fatty liver disease. Specialized proteomic techniques are also now available, which allow for identification of defects in the assembly of multi-protein complexes in mitochondria and the resolution of the highly hydrophobic proteins of the inner membrane. In this review knowledge gained from the study of changes to the mitochondrial proteome in alcoholic hepatotoxicity will be described and placed into a mechanistic framework to increase understanding of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in liver disease.

关键词： mitochondria Alcohol Liver Oxidativestress Nitric oxide Proteomics Post-translational modifications

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