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Environmental and landscape influences on the spatial and temporal distribution of a cattle herd in a South Texas rangeland

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 443-460页

作者： Christopher Cheleuitte-Nieves Humberto L.Perotto-Baldivieso XBen Wu susan m.cooper Department of Ecosystem Science and management Texas A&M University2120 TAMU320 WFES BuildingCollege StationTX 77843-2138USA Present address:Center of Comparative medicine and Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterWeill Cornell Medicineand Hospital for Special Surgery408 East 69th StreetZ-913New YorkNY 10021USA Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Texas A&M University-Kingsville700 University Blvd.MSC 218KingsvilleTX 78363USA Texas A&m AgriLife Research 1619 Garner Field RoadUvaldeTX 78801USA

The multiple spatial and temporal parameters affecting cattle herd distribution and activity dynamics can significantly affect resource utilization but are not fully *** aim of this study was to determine whether current animal tracking technology and spatio-temporal analysis tools can be used to integrate multi-scale information on herd distribution patterns as a function of seasonal forage production,periods of the day,animal activity,and landscape *** and activity information of 11 free-ranging cows within a 31-member herd was obtained at 5-min intervals by using GPS collars for 1 year within a 457-ha ranch in the semi-arid rangelands of South *** biomass was calculated with satellite *** analysis of cattle distribution and landscape features was conducted with *** spread was greatest during the growing *** the year,during midday,the herd showed smaller spread and greater use of shade patches than any other time of *** also aggregated under trees in winter,particularly during the *** was no statistically significant overall pattern of seasonal changes in the use of water and supplemental feeding areas,but a trend toward highest use during the ***,significantly different diurnal patterns in the use of supplemental feed and water were observed within each *** study found a strong influence of shade patches relative to the influence of water and supplemental feeding areas on the diurnal and seasonal movement patterns of cattle in shrub-dominated *** this study used only 11 tracked cows in a 31-member herd,the results indicated that techniques such as seasonal and diurnal GPS tracking,GIS,and remote sensing data enable evaluation of multiple spatial and temporal dynamics of cattle distribution and activity *** smaller spread during the dry winter season associated with the observed aggregation of individuals in water and supplemental feeding ar

关键词： Cattle behavior Cross-scale interactions GPS collars Group dispersion Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) Thermoregulation Ungulate grazing patterns

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Association patterns reveal dispersalaggregation dynamics among cattle in a South Texas Rangeland,USA

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 323-332页

作者： Christopher Cheleuitte-Nieves Humberto L.Perotto-Baldivieso X.Ben Wu susan m.cooper Department of Ecosystem Science and management Texas A&M University2120 TAMU320 WFES BuildingCollege StationTX 77843-2138USA Present Address:Center of Comparative medicine and Pathology Weill Cornell Medicine and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center1300 York Ave.E-703ENew YorkNY 10065USA Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Texas A&M University-Kingsville700 University Blvd.MSC 218KingsvilleTX 78363USA Texas A&m AgriLife Research 1619 Garner Field RoadUvaldeTX 78801USA

Introduction:The spatial association dynamics of free-ranging cattle herds are not fully understood;however,they can have a direct influence on the spatial patterns of resource *** aim of our study was to examine new analytical methods of identifying the spatio-temporal patterns of behavioral dynamics that determine cattle herd dispersal in the semi-arid rangelands of South *** fitted 10 free-ranging cows with global positioning system collars and obtained positions every 5 min for each animal for 21-day trials,twice during the summer and winter *** used an association pattern recognition software(ASSOC1)and the herd center of gravity to identify the spatial and temporal thresholds that defined dispersion-aggregation patterns and individual position to determine their relation to social ***:The association pattern defining herd membership was that animals spent 70%of their time within 200 m of each *** ranking did not appear to influence association membership or position within the *** cattle showed a more dispersed distribution during summer,but in winter,herd members behaved in a more aggregated *** distribution is contrary to patterns described in more northerly and mountainous ***:The spatial thresholds of the cattle herd and the overall distance of all members to the center of the herd were smaller during winter and larger during summer,indicating that this study herd congregated during the winter and dispersed during the *** this study uses a herd of 10 individuals in a 100 ha pasture to evaluate spatio-temporal dynamics,our results provide evidence of the ability of current tracking and spatial association tools to detect and quantify seasonal changes in cattle herd dispersion-aggregation *** use of these data collection and analysis methods could prove useful in larger cattle herds,increase our understanding of herd spatiotemporal behavior,and subsequently he

关键词： Bos taurus Global positioning system(GPS) GPS collar Herd dispersal Social dominance Sub-herd Spatiotemporal pattern of resource use

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Efficient training of ANN potentials by including atomic forces via Taylor expansion and application to water and a transition-metal oxide

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npj Computational materials 2020年第1期6卷 1205-1218页

作者： April m.cooper Johannes Kästner Alexander Urban Nongnuch Artrith School of Chemistry University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Institute for Theoretical Chemistry University of StuttgartStuttgartGermany Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Artificial neural network(ANN)potentials enable the efficient large-scale atomistic modeling of complex materials with near firstprinciples *** molecular dynamics simulations,accurate energies and interatomic forces are a prerequisite,but training ANN potentials simultaneously on energies and forces from electronic structure calculations is computationally ***,we introduce an efficient alternative method for the training of ANN potentials on energy and force information,based on an extrapolation of the total energy via a Taylor *** translating the force information to approximate energies,the quadratic scaling with the number of atoms exhibited by conventional force-training methods can be avoided,which enables the training on reference datasets containing complex atomic structures.

关键词： forces enable atomic

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Object-Based method Outperforms Per-Pixel method for Land Cover Classification in a Protected Area of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest Region

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Pedosphere 2013年第3期23卷 290-297页

作者： T.RITTL m.cooper R.J.HECK m.V.R.BALLESTER Department of Soil Quality University of Wageningen Department of Soil Science University of So Paulo School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA) University of So Paulo

Conventional image classification based on pixels hinders the possibilities to obtain information contained in images, while modern object-based classification methods increase the acquisition of information about the object and the context in which it is inserted in the image. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of different classification methods for land cover mapping in the vicinity of the Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, a Brazilian Atlantic rainforest area. Two classification methods were tested, including i） a hybrid per-pixel classification using the image processing software ERDAS Imagine version 9.1 and ii） an object-based classification using the software eCognition version 5. In the first method, six different classes were established, while in the second method, another two classes were established in addition to the six classes in the first method. Accuracy assessment of the classification results presented showed that the object-based classification with a Kappa index value of 0.8687 outperformed the per-pixel classification with a Kappa index value of 0.2224. Application of the user＇s knowledge during the object-based classification process achieved the desired quality; therefore, the use of inter-relationships between objects, superelasses, subclasses, and neighboring classes were critical to improving the efficiency of land cover classification.

关键词： accuracy assessment image classification Kappa index user's knowledge

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Branched hybridization chain reaction-using highly dimensional DNA nanostructures for label-free,reagent-less,multiplexed molecular diagnostics

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2019年第1期5卷 316-322页

作者： Gaolian Xu mingliang Lai Rab Wilson Andrew Glidle Julien Reboud Jonathan m.cooper Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowOakfield AvenueGlasgow G128LTUK

The specific and multiplexed detection of DNA underpins many analytical methods,including the detection of microorganisms that are important in the medical,veterinary,and environmental *** achieve such measurements generally requires enzyme-mediated amplification of the low concentrations of the target nucleic acid sequences present,together with the precise control of temperature,as well as the use of enzyme-compatible *** inevitably leads to compromises between analytical performance and the complexity of the *** hybridization chain reaction(HCR)provides an attractive alternative,as a route to enzyme-free DNA *** date,the linear nucleic acid products,produced during amplification,have not enabled the development of efficient multiplexing strategies,nor the use of label-free ***,we show that by designing new DNA nanoconstructs,we are able,for the first time,to increase the molecular dimensionality of HCR products,creating highly branched amplification products,which can be readily detected on label-free *** show that this new,branching HCR system offers a route for enzyme-free,label-free DNA detection,we demonstrate the multiplexed detection of a target sequence(as the initiator)in whole *** the future,this technology will enable rapid point-of-care multiplexed clinical analysis or in-the-field environmental monitoring.

关键词： reagent attractive branching

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COVID-19 associated liver injury:A general review with special consideration of pregnancy and obstetric outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第42期28卷 6017-6033页

作者： Katherine m.cooper Alessandro Colletta Alison m.Asirwatham Tiffany A.moore Simas Deepika Devuni Department of medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States Departments of Pediatrics Psychiatryand Population&Quantitative Health SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 1605United States

Liver injury is an increasingly recognized extra-pulmonary manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** disease 2019(COVID-19)associated liver injury(COVALI)is a clinical syndrome encompassing all patients with biochemical liver injury identified in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 *** profound clinical implications,its pathophysiology is poorly ***,most information on COVALI is derived from the general population and may not be applicable to individuals under-represented in research,including pregnant *** manuscript reviews:Clinical features of COVALI,leading theories of COVALI,and existing literature on COVALI during pregnancy,a topic not widely explored in the ***,we synthesized data from the general and perinatal populations that demonstrates COVALI to be a hepatocellular transaminitis that is likely induced by systemic inflammation and that is strongly associated with disease severity and poorer clinical outcome,and offered perspective on approaching transaminitis in the potentially COVID-19 positive patient in the obstetric setting.

关键词： COVID-19 liver injury Pregnancy Perinatal liver disease Systemic inflammation Special populations

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The third cleavage geometry of Xenopus embryos is altered in a hypogeomagnetic field

The third cleavage geometry of Xenopus embryos is altered in...

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2011年空间生命与生命起源暨航天医学工程学术研讨会

作者： Helen m.cooper The Queensland Brain Institute The University of Queensland

＜正＞The hypogeomagnetic field（HGmF,or magnetic fields＜200 nT）is one of the fundamental environmental factors of ***,the effect of HGmF exposure on living systems remains *** this paper,we examine the biological effects of HGmF on the embryonic development of Xenopus laevis（an African clawed frog）. Decrease of horizontal third cleavage furrows and abnormal morphogenesis were

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八十年代的图书馆员和图书馆学教育者的新关系——扩大合作共同受益

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图书与情报 1991年第2期 54-59,44页

作者： m.cooper S.Kaufmann 刘华

图书馆学专业教师和实际工作者有必要进行广泛的合作和交流。但是,几十年来,有限的合作还夹杂着一定程度的紧张关系,一直反映在图书馆事业上。图书馆学教师和图书馆工作者分属于两个不同的部门。在高校中,担负着不同的使命,各自有着不... 详细信息

图书馆学专业教师和实际工作者有必要进行广泛的合作和交流。但是,几十年来,有限的合作还夹杂着一定程度的紧张关系,一直反映在图书馆事业上。图书馆学教师和图书馆工作者分属于两个不同的部门。在高校中,担负着不同的使命,各自有着不同的要求。同时,它们之间又有明显的联系,——在学术界又被视为一体。近年来,由于各自需求的扩大,两部门之间的鸿沟也进一步加深。大量的文献表明,对图书馆工作者和教育者之间关系的某些方面已进行了调研。

关键词：图书馆图书馆学院合作

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Synchronous nanoscale topographic and chemical mapping by differential-confocal controlled Raman microscopy

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Photonics Research 2020年第9期8卷 1441-1447页

作者： HAN CUI YUN WANG LIRONG QIU SHUCHENG LI JONATHAN m.cooper AND WEIQIAN ZHAO Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic measurement Instrument and Technology School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128LTUK

Confocal Raman microscopy is currently used for label-free optical sensing and imaging within the biological,engineering,and physical sciences as well as in ***,currently these methods have limitations,including their low spatial resolution and poor focus stability,that restrict the breadth of new *** paper now introduces differential-confocal controlled Raman microscopy as a technique that fuses differential confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy,enabling the point-to-point collection of three-dimensional nanoscale topographic information with the simultaneous reconstruction of corresponding chemical *** microscope collects the scattered Raman light together with the Rayleigh light,both as Rayleigh scattered and reflected light(these are normally filtered out in conventional confocal Raman systems).Inherent in the design of the instrument is a significant improvement in the axial focusing resolution of topographical features in the image(to^1 nm),which,when coupled with super-resolution image restoration,gives a lateral resolution of 220 *** using differential confocal imaging for controlling the Raman imaging,the system presents a significant enhancement of the focusing and measurement accuracy,precision,and stability(with an antidrift capability),mitigating against both thermal and vibrational *** also demonstrate an improved scan speed,arising as a consequence of the nonaxial scanning mode.

关键词： scattered chemical stability

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小麦选育圃数、目标环境与籽粒产量的间接选择

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麦类作物 1998年第2期18卷 7-9页

作者： m.cooper 王经武

在一个育种项目的靶群体各环境中，运用相适应的选育圃环境可使选择的小麦产量达到最高。本文目的是探索在不同程度水分限制的目标环境中如何去预测低水分胁迫下选育圃品系的产量。１５个品系取自昆士兰小麦育种项目的产量初期评估阶段... 详细信息

在一个育种项目的靶群体各环境中，运用相适应的选育圃环境可使选择的小麦产量达到最高。本文目的是探索在不同程度水分限制的目标环境中如何去预测低水分胁迫下选育圃品系的产量。１５个品系取自昆士兰小麦育种项目的产量初期评估阶段，检测了９年（１９８５～１９９３年）栽培环境下的２６个性状和３个研究站（选育圃环境）３年（１９８７年至１９８９年）的２７年性状。选育圃环境由不同的缺水和缺Ｎ水平构成，而目标环境同不同环境的目标群体的耕作条件随机样本所代表。采用间接选择和特征分析法去评价选育圃环境中的产量选择和目标环境中的籽粒选择。低胁迫选育圃环境下的产量是一个有效的预测类似低胁迫目标环境下产量的指标（ｒ＝０．８９，Ｐ＜０．０１）。然而，低胁迫选育圃值作为水分限制目标环境下的产量预测值会随着水分胁迫的增加而降低（中等水分胁迫ｒ＝０．５３，Ｐ＜０．０５至ｒ＝０．３８，Ｐ＜０．０５；严重水分胁迫ｒ＝－０．０８，Ｐ＜０．０５）。

关键词：小麦选育圃目标环境产量选择间接选择

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