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Social learning in nest-building birds watching live-streaming video demonstrators

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 204-213页

作者： Lauren M.GUILLETTE susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeUK

Determining the role that social learning plays in construction behaviors,such as nest building or tool manufacture,could be improved if more experimental control could be gained over the exact public information that is provided by the demonstrator,to the observing *** video playback allows the experimenter to choose what information is provided but will only be useful in determining the role of social learning if observers attend to,and learn from,videos in a manner that is similar to live *** goal of the current experiment was to test whether live-streamed video presentations of nest building by zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata would lead observers to copy the material choice demonstrated to ***,males that had not previously built a nest were given an initial preference test between materials of 2 *** observers then watched live-stream footage of a familiar demonstrator building a nest with material of the color that the observer did not *** this experience,observers were given the chance to build a nest with materials of the 2 *** two-thirds of the observer males preferred material of the demonstrated color after viewing the demonstrator build a nest with material of that color more than they had previously,their preference for the demonstrated material was not as strong as that of observers that had viewed live demonstrator builders in a previous *** results suggest researchers should proceed with caution before using video demonstration in tests of social learning.

关键词： construction behavior copying nest social learning video playback zebra finch

Initial impacts of rain gardens＇ application on water quality and quantity in combined sewer： field-scale experiment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 127-138页

作者： Isam Alyaseri Jianpeng Zhou susan M. Morgan Andrew Bartlett Department of Civil Engineering Al-Muthanna University Alsamawah Al-Muthanna 72001 Iraq Department of Civil Engineering Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Graduate School Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Agricultural Statistics Laboratory University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Green infrastructures such as rain gardens can benetit onsite reduction ot stormwater runott, leading to reduced combined sewer overflows. A pilot project was conducted to evaluate the impact of rain gardens on the water quality and volume reduction of storm runoff from urban streets in a combined sewer area. The study took place in a six-block area on South Grand Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. The impact was assessed through a comparison between the pre-construction （2011/2012） and the post-construction （2014） phases. Shortly after the rain gardens were installed, the levels of total suspended solids, chloride, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, zinc, and copper increased. The level of mercury was lower than the detection level in both phases. E. coli was the only parameter that showed statistically significant decrease following the installation of rain gardens. The likely reason for initial increase in monitored water quality parameters is that the post-construction sampling began after the rain gardens were constructed but before planting, resulted from soil erosion and wash-out from the mulch. However, the levels of most of water quality parameters decreased in the following time period during the post-construction phase. The study found 76% volume reduction of stormwater runoff following the installation of rain gardens at one of studied sites. Statistical analysis is essential on collected data because of the encountered high variability of measured flows resulted from low flow conditions in studied sewers.

关键词： Rain gardens Bioretention Combined sewer Stormwater quality and quantity

Conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS coated Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles as the anode for sodium-ion battery applications

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2022年第2期16卷 143-152页

作者： Kevin VARGHESE Dona susan BAJI Shantikumar NAIR Dhamodaran SANTHANAGOPALAN Centre for Nanosciences Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamPonekkaraKochi 682041India

Metal oxides are considered as potential anodes for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Nevertheless,they suffer from poor cycling and rate ***,we investigate conductive polymer coating on Co_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles varying with different percentages.X-ray diffraction,electron microscopy and surface chemical analysis were adopted to analyze coated and uncoated Co_(3)O_(4)*** polymer,poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS),has been utilized for *** specific capacity and rate capability for an optimal coating of 0.5 wt.%were *** 0.5 wt.%coated sample outperformed the uncoated one in terms of capacity,rate capability and coulombic *** delivered a reversible capacity of 561 mAh·g^(−1)at 100 mA·g^(−1)and maintained a capacity of 318 mAh·g^(−1)at a high rate of 1 A·g^(−1).Increasing the PEDOT:PSS coating percentage led to lower performance due to the thicker coating induced kinetic ***-situ analysis of the 0.5 wt.%coated sample after 100 cycles at 1 A·g^(−1)was characterized for performance *** a simple,cost-effective and wet-chemical approach has not been employed before for Co_(3)O_(4)as the SIB anode.

关键词： Co_(3)O_(4) sodium-ion battery anode conducting polymer surface coating

Recent advances and future directions in preclinical research of argininevasopressin(AVP) receptor blocker conivaptan in the context of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第3期11卷 392-393页

作者： Emil Zeynalov susan M.Jones Swedish Medical Center Neurotrauma Research Department Englewood

Stroke is a major cause of mortality and permanent *** onset of stroke is followed by life-threatening pathophysiological responses including brain edema,elevation of intracranial pressure,disruption of blood-brain barrier（BBB）,brain infarct and permanent tissue *** edema develops due to accumulation of water in intracellular and extracellular compartments of the brain,

关键词： edema permanent disability intracranial elevation blocker infarct disruption advances mortality

Emerging infectious diseases and risks for transfusion safety;past,present and future

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中国输血杂志 2010年第10期23卷 883-884页

作者： susan Stramer American Red Cross

Over the last 10 years,HIV,HCV and HBV have been the focus of blood safety with respect to decreases in infectious disease *** addition,screening for WNV RNA and Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies have been introduced in response to risks posed by different exposures in our donor ***,HCV and HBV for the most part share similar transmission routes (i.e.,parenteral and known risk behaviors) and questioning of donors along with increasingly sensitive blood donor screening tests have been responsible for the vast majority of observed reductions in residual *** example,since the implementation of HIV-1/HCV NAT in the US,the American Red Cross (ARC) has detected 244 (1:270 000) HCV-infected donors and 32 (1:2 million) HIV-infected donors over the last 10 years of testing of greater than 66 million donations. Current,per-donation residual risks are estimated at 1:1 467 000 for HIV and 1:1 149 000 for HCV[1].Although higher,prior to the widespread implementation of HBV NAT,the HBV per donation residual risk from the same ARC donor population is estimated at 1:280 000-1:357 000[2]. These figures were derived by taking the product of estimated donor incidence of 3-5 per 100 000 person years and remaining window periods that range from 9.1-7.4 days for HIV and HCV,and 30-38 days for *** methods for estimates of yield and residual risk have been used worldwide.

关键词：风险估计传染性疾病艾滋病病毒感染者安全丙型肝炎病毒乙型肝炎病毒输血西尼罗河病毒

Robust Adaptive Model Tracking for Distributed Parameter Control of Linear Infinite-dimensional Systems in Hilbert Space

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2014年第3期1卷 294-301页

作者： Mark J.Balas susan A.Frost the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University the NASA Ames Research Center

This paper is focused on adaptively controlling a linear infinite-dimensional system to track a finite-dimensional reference *** a linear continuous-time infinite-dimensional plant on a Hilbert space with disturbances of known waveform but unknown amplitude and phase,we show that there exists a stabilizing direct model reference adaptive control law with the properties of certain disturbance rejection and *** plant is described by a closed,densely defined linear operator that generates a continuous semigroup of bounded operators on the Hilbert space of *** central result will show that all errors will converge to a prescribed neighborhood of zero in an infinitedimensional Hilbert *** result will not require the use of the standard Barbalat’s lemma which requires certain signals to be uniformly *** result is used to determine conditions under which a linear infinite-dimensional system can be directly adaptively controlled to follow a reference *** particular,we examine conditions for a set of ideal trajectories to exist for the tracking *** results are applied to adaptive control of general linear diffusion systems described by self-adjoint operators with compact resolvent.

关键词： Robustness Adaptation models Adaptive control Hilbert space Trajectory Learning (artificial intelligence)

Treatment of recurrent sigmoid volvulus in Parkinson's disease by percutaneous endoscopic colostomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第40期18卷 5812-5815页

作者： susan Toebosch Vera Tudyka Ad Masclee Ger Koek Department of Gastroenterology Laurentius Hospital6043 CV RoermondThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Laurentius Hospital6043 CV RoermondThe Netherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineMaastricht University Medical Center6229 HX MaastrichtThe Netherlands

The exact aetiology of sigmoid volvulus in Parkinson's disease(PD) remains unclear.A multiplicity of factors may give rise to decreased gastrointestinal function in PD *** recognition and treatment of constipation in PD patients may alter complications like sigmoid *** of sigmoid volvulus in PD patients does not differ from other patients and involves endoscopic *** feasible,secondary sigmoidal resection should be ***,if the expected surgical morbidity and mortality is unacceptably high or if the patient refuses surgery,percutaneous endoscopic colostomy(PEC) should be *** describe an elderly PD patient who presented with sigmoid *** was treated conservatively with endoscopic *** was consistently refused by the *** recurrence of the sigmoid volvulus a PEC was placed.

关键词： Colonic dysfunction Colostomy Endoscopictreatment Parkinson's disease Sigmoid volvulus

Refractory Black Carbon Results and a Method Comparison between Solid-state Cutting and Continuous Melting Sampling of a West Antarctic Snow and Firn Core

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第5期37卷 545-554页

作者： Luciano MARQUETTO susan KASPARI Jefferson Cardia SIMOES Emil BABIK Department of Geological Sciences Central Washington UniversityEllensburgWashington 98926USA Polar and Climatic Center Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do Sul91509-900Brazil

This work presents the refractory black carbon(rBC)results of a snow and firn core drilled in West Antarctica(79°55'34.6"S,94°21'13.3"W)during the 2014?15 austral summer,collected by Brazilian researchers as part of the First Brazilian West Antarctic Ice Sheet *** core was drilled to a depth of 20 m,and we present the results of the first 8 m by comparing two subsampling methods—solid-state cutting and continuous melting—both with discrete *** core was analyzed at the Department of Geological Sciences,Central Washington University(CWU),WA,USA,using a single particle soot photometer(SP2)coupled to a CETAC Marin-5 *** continuous melting system was recently assembled at CWU and these are its first *** also present experimental results regarding SP2 reproducibility,indicating that sample concentration has a greater influence than the analysis time on the reproducibility for low rBC concentrations,like those found in the Antarctic *** was carried out using mainly the rBC variation and sulfur,sodium and strontium as secondary parameters,giving the core 17 years(1998?2014).The data show a well-defined seasonality of rBC concentrations for these first meters,with geometric mean summer/fall concentrations of 0.016μg L^?1 and geometric mean winter/spring concentrations of 0.063μg L^?*** annual rBC concentration geometric mean was 0.029μg L^?1(the lowest of all rBC cores in Antarctica referenced in this work),while the annual rBC flux was 6.1μg m^?2 yr^?1(the lowest flux in West Antarctica records so far).

关键词： black carbon West Antarctica ice core single particle soot photometer

An obstructing mass in a young ulcerative colitis patient

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第7期15卷 877-878页

作者： Sebastian Zeki susan Catnach Alistair King Rodney Hallan Department of Gastroenterology Hemel Hempstead HospitalHemel HempsteadHertsHP2 4ADUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Hemel Hempstead HospitalLondon NW3 4NBUnited Kingdom

We present a case of a 19-year-old female who developed subacute obstruction due to giant inflammatory polyps,having undergone treatment for left-sided ulcerative *** is followed by a review of the literature.

关键词： Pseudopolyp Ulcerative colitis Inflammatorypolyps Giant intestinal polyposis