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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 59-69页

作者： Tianyi Chen Lizbeth Taylor-Edmonds susan andrews Ron Hofmann Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada

Residual H_(2)O_(2)from UV/H_(2)O_(2)treatment can be quenched by thiosulfate,bisulfite,and chlorine,but the kinetics of these reactions have not been reported under the full range of practical *** this study,the rates of H_(2)O_(2)quenching by these compounds were compared in different water matrices,temperatures,pH,and when using different forms of bisulfite and *** general,it was confirmed that thiosulfate would be too slow to serve as a quenching agent in most practical *** pH 7-8.5,chlorine tends to quench H_(2)O_(2)more than 20 times faster than bisulfite in the various conditions *** important observation was that in lightly-buffered water(e.g.,alkalinity of 20 mg/L as CaCO_(3)),the form of chlorine can have a large impact on quenching rate,with gaseous chlorine slowing the reaction due to its lowering of the pH,and hypochlorite having the opposite *** impacts will become less significant when water buffer capacity(i.e.,alkalinity)increases(e.g.,to 80 mg/L as CaCO_(3)).In addition,water temperature should be considered as the time required to quench H_(2)O_(2)by chlorine at 4℃is up to 3 times longer than at 20℃.

关键词： UV/H_(2)O_(2) H_(2)O_(2) quenching Chlorine type Water alkalinity Temperature

The face of animal cognition

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 132-144页

作者： susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK

As an increasing number of researchers investigate the cognitive abilities of an ever-wider range of animals,animal cognition is currently among the most exciting fields within animal *** would be proud:all four of his approaches are being pursued and we are learning much about how animals collect information and how they use that information to make decisions for their current and future states as well as what animals do not perceive or choose to *** I provide an overview of this productivity,alighting only briefly on any single example,to showcase the diversity of species,of approaches and the sheer mass of research effort currently under *** are getting closer to understanding the minds of other animals and the evolution of cognition at an increasingly rapid rate.

关键词： animal cognition comparative psychology Tinbergen’s four questions

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Animal cognition

Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 128-131页

作者： susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeUK

This special issue of Integrative Zoology(the official journal of the International Society of Zoological Sciences and the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences)is focused on questions concerning the cognitive abilities of *** papers in this issue are the outcome of the 9th International Symposium of Integrative Zoology from 27-31 August 2017 in Xining,Qinghai Province,*** of these papers showcases questions absorbing the current interest of researchers in animal cognition(Healy 2019).Those questions range from the methodological through to experimental design to the relationship between cognitive abilities and their neural underpinnings,from the laboratory to the field,and to the very nature of *** experimental design has long been the hallmark of work on animal cognition(many examples are included in Shettleworth[2010])and this special issue contains several new instances.

关键词： journal concerning cognition

Social learning in nest-building birds watching live-streaming video demonstrators

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 204-213页

作者： Lauren M.GUILLETTE susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeUK

Determining the role that social learning plays in construction behaviors,such as nest building or tool manufacture,could be improved if more experimental control could be gained over the exact public information that is provided by the demonstrator,to the observing *** video playback allows the experimenter to choose what information is provided but will only be useful in determining the role of social learning if observers attend to,and learn from,videos in a manner that is similar to live *** goal of the current experiment was to test whether live-streamed video presentations of nest building by zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata would lead observers to copy the material choice demonstrated to ***,males that had not previously built a nest were given an initial preference test between materials of 2 *** observers then watched live-stream footage of a familiar demonstrator building a nest with material of the color that the observer did not *** this experience,observers were given the chance to build a nest with materials of the 2 *** two-thirds of the observer males preferred material of the demonstrated color after viewing the demonstrator build a nest with material of that color more than they had previously,their preference for the demonstrated material was not as strong as that of observers that had viewed live demonstrator builders in a previous *** results suggest researchers should proceed with caution before using video demonstration in tests of social learning.

关键词： construction behavior copying nest social learning video playback zebra finch

From a sequential pattern,temporal adjustments emerge in hummingbird traplining

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 182-192页

作者： Maria C.TELLO-RAMOS Andrew T.HURLY susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsScotlandUK Department of Biological Sciences University of LethbridgeAlbertaCanada

Animals that feed from resources that are constant in space and that refill may benefit from repeating the order in which they visit *** is a behavior known as traplining,a spatial ***,like other central-place foragers,use short traplines when moving between several rewarding *** we investigated whether traplining hummingbirds also use relevant temporal information when choosing which flowers to *** rufous hummingbirds that were allowed to visit 3 artificial flower patches in which flowers were refilled 20 min after they had been depleted repeated the order in which they visited the 3 *** they tended to visit the first 2 patches sooner than 20 min,they visited the third patch at approximately 20-min inter*** time between visits to the patches increased across the experiment,suggesting that the birds learned to wait longer before visiting a *** birds appeared to couple the sequential pattern of a trapline with temporal regularity,to some *** suggests that there is a temporal component to the repeated spatial movements flown by foraging wild hummingbirds.

关键词： foraging patterns interval timing rufous hummingbirds Selasphorus rufus

Vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis: Real world outcomes from a multicenter observational cohort of Australia and Oxford

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第30期26卷 4428-4441页

作者： Samba Siva Reddy Pulusu Ashish Srinivasan Krupa Krishnaprasad Daniel Cheng Jakob Begun CharlotteKeung Daniel Van Langenberg Lena Thin Tamara Mogilevski Peter De Cruz Graham Radford-Smith Emma Flanagan Sally Bell Soleiman Kashkooli Miles Sparrow Simon Ghaly Peter Bampton Elise Sawyer susan Connor Quart-ul-ain Rizvi Jane M andrews Gillian Mahy Paola Chivers Simon Travis Ian Craig Lawrance Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases St John of God HospitalSubiaco 6008Western AustraliaAustralia Translational Gastroenterology Unit NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group Queensland institute of Medical ResearchHerston 4006QueenslandAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Mater HospitalBrisbane 4101QueenslandAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Mater HospitalSouth Brisbane 4101QueenslandAustralia of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthBox Hill 3128VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s HospitalFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Northern HealthEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology The Alfred HospitalMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s HospitalDarlinghurst 2010New South WalesAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Flinders Medical CentreBedford Park 5042South AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Liverpool HospitalSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Royal Adelaide Hospital&University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000South AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Townsville HospitalDouglas 4814QueenslandAustralia Institute for Health Research University of Notre DameFremantle 6160Western AustraliaAustralia School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BACKGROUND Vedolizumab(VDZ),a humanised monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits alpha4-beta7 integrins is approved for use in adult moderate to severe ulcerative colitis(UC)*** To assess the efficacy and safety of VDZ in the real-world management of UC in a large multicenter cohort involving two countries and to identify predictors of achieving *** A retrospective review of Australian and Oxford,United Kingdom data for UC *** response at 3 mo,endoscopic remission at 6 mo and clinical remission at 3,6 and 12 mo were *** regression models and Kaplan Meier curves were performed to assess the time to remission,time to failure and the covariates influencing *** outcomes were *** Three hundred and three UC patients from 14 centres in Australia and United Kingdom,[60%n=182,anti-TNF naïve]were *** clinical response was 79%at 3 mo with more Australian patients achieving clinical response compared to Oxford(83%vs 70%P=0.01).Clinical remission for all patients was 56%,62%and 60%at 3,6 and 12 mo ***-TNF naive patients were more likely to achieve remission than exposed patients at all the time points(3 mo 66%vs 40%P<0.001,6 mo 73%vs 46%P<0.001,12 mo 66%vs 51%P=0.03).More Australian patients achieved endoscopic remission at 6 mo compared to Oxford(69%vs 43%P=0.01).On multi-variate analysis,anti-TNF naïve patients were 1.8(95%CI:1.3-2.3)times more likely to achieve remission than anti-TNF exposed(P<0.001).32 patients(11%)had colectomy by 12 *** VDZ was safe and effective with 60%of UC patients achieving clinical remission at 12 mo and prior anti-TNF exposure influenced this outcome.

关键词： Vedolizumab Ulcerative colitis Outcomes