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Feature Selection for Cluster Analysis in Spectroscopy

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2435-2458页

作者： Simon Crase Benjamin Hall suresh n.thennadil College of Engineering IT&EnvironmentCharles Darwin UniversityCasuarinaNT 0909Australia Defence Science and Technology Group Edinburgh5111Australia Energy and Resources Institute Charles Darwin UniversityCasuarinaNT 0909Australia

Cluster analysis in spectroscopy presents some unique challenges due to the specific data characteristics in spectroscopy,namely,high dimensionality and small sample *** order to improve cluster analysis outcomes,feature selection can be used to remove redundant or irrelevant features and reduce the ***,for cluster analysis,this must be done in an unsupervised manner without the benefit of data *** paper presents a novel feature selection approach for cluster analysis,utilizing clusterability metrics to remove features that least contribute to a dataset’s tendency to *** versions are presented and evaluated:The Hopkins clusterability filter which utilizes the Hopkins test for spatial randomness and the Dip clusterability filter which utilizes the Dip test for *** new techniques,along with a range of existing filter and wrapper feature selection techniques were evaluated on eleven real-world spectroscopy datasets using internal and external clustering *** newly proposed Hopkins clusterability filter performed the best of the six filter techniques ***,it was observed that results varied greatly for different techniques depending on the specifics of the dataset and the number of features selected,with significant instability observed for most techniques at low numbers of *** was identified that the genetic algorithm wrapper technique avoided this instability,performed consistently across all datasets and resulted in better results on average than utilizing the all the features in the spectra.

关键词： Cluster analysis spectroscopy unsupervised learning feature selection wavenumber selection

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Cluster Analysis for IR and nIR Spectroscopy: Current Practices to Future Perspectives

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 1945-1965页

作者： Simon Crase Benjamin Hall suresh n.thennadil College of Engineering IT&EnvironmentCharles Darwin UniversityCasuarinaNT 0810Australia Defence Science and Technology Group Edinburgh5111Australia Energy and Resources Institute Charles Darwin UniversityCasuarinaNT 0810Australia

Supervised machine learning techniques have become well established in the study of spectroscopy ***,the unsupervised learning technique of cluster analysis hasn’t reached the same level maturity in chemometric *** paper surveys recent studies which apply cluster analysis to nIR and IR spectroscopy *** addition,we summarize the current practices in cluster analysis of spectroscopy and contrast these with cluster analysis literature from the machine learning and pattern recognition *** includes practices in data pre-processing,feature extraction,clustering distance metrics,clustering algorithms and validation *** consideration is given to the specific characteristics of IR and nIR spectroscopy data which typically includes high dimensionality and relatively low sample *** findings highlighted a lack of quantitative analysis and evaluation in current practices for cluster analysis of IR and nIR spectroscopy *** this in mind,we propose an analysis model or workflow with techniques specifically suited for cluster analysis of IR and nIR spectroscopy data along with a pragmatic application strategy.

关键词： Chemometrics cluster analysis Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy machine learning near infrared spectroscopy unsupervised learning

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Biomass Industrial Effluent Effect on Carbohydrates,Aminoacids,nitrite and nitrite Enzyme Activities of Arachis hypogaea L.

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第2期8卷 203-215页

作者： P C nagajyoti n Dinakar S suresh Y Udaykiran C suresh T n V K V Prasad T Damodharam Department of Environmental Sciences Sri Venkateswara University national Institute of nutrition Hyderabad Regional Agricultural Research Station N.G. Ranga Agriculture University

The objectives of the present investigations are to see the effects of biomass power plant effluent on the carbohydrates, aminoacids, nitrite and nitrite enzyme activitiesand proline of Arachis hypogaea L. var TCGS 320 under controlled pot culture methods. Plants were cultivated with 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the effluent and a control without the effluent. The treatment of the crop with 25% of the effluent has shown stimulatory effect on all the biochemical parameters studied. Carbohydrates, starch, aminoacids, protein, nitrate and nitrite reductase enzymatic activities have increased in 10, 15, 20 DAS （days after sowing）. In 25 and 30 DAS all biochemical parameters have decreased, due to environmental factors （rainfall, temperature, humidity, etc.）. The present investigation clearly indicated that the biomass power plant effluent has stimulatory effect on all the biochemical contents at lower concentration, and at higher concentration they have deleterious effects.

关键词： biomass power plant effluent biochemical parameters Arachis hypogaea stimulatory effect

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Evolution of fracture permeability due to co-colloidal bacterial transport in a coupled fracture-skin-matrix system

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第4期3卷 503-514页

作者： n.natarajan G.suresh Kumar EWRE Division Department of Civil EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyMadrasChennai 600036India Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyMadrasChennai 600036India

A numerical model is developed for investigating the evolution of fracture permeability in a coupled fracture-matrix system in the presence of fracture-skin with simultaneous colloidal and bacte- rial transport, by taking into account the effects of thermal stress and silica precipitation/dissolution, which is computed using linear reaction kinetics. The non-linear coupled equations are numerically modeled using the fully implicit finite difference method and a constant continuous source is adopted while modeling thermal, contaminant, colloidal and bacterial transport. Due to co-colloid bacterial trans- port under non-isothermal conditions, in a coupled fracture-skin-matrix system, the fracture apertures vary spatially, with a corresponding pressure variation for a constant discharge. A series of numerical experiments were conducted for analyzing the spatial variation of fracture aperture in response to the combined effects of thermal stress, silica precipitation/dissolution, and simultaneous colloidal and bacte- rial transport in the presence of the fracture-skin. The simulation results suggest that temperature and contaminant concentration of the mobile fluid within the fracture increases with reduction in initial frac- ture aperture. The pattern of variation followed by the fracture aperture is nearly the same in the presence and absence of bacterial transport but the magnitude of the fracture aperture is low under the influence of bacterial transport. The variation in the fracture aperture resulting from precipitation-dissolution and thermoelastic stress is significant when the fracture aperture is very low and reduces with increment in fracture aperture. The variation in fracture aperture and pressure remains the same for both undersaturated and supersaturated fluid entering the fracture due to the influence of bacterial transport at the inlet of the fracture.

关键词： Bacterial transport Colloidal transport Fracture permeability Fracture skin Precipitation-dissolution

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Phytotoxicity of cadmium on protein, proline and antioxidant enzyme activities in growing Arachis hypogaea L. seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期20卷 199-206页

作者： n Dinakar P C nagajyothi S suresh Y Udaykiran T Damodharam Department of Environmental Sciences Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupatiAndhra Pradesh-517 502India.

Phytotoxicity of cadmium on growing Arachis hypogaea L. seedlings was studied. Seeds were exposed to 25, 50, and 100 μmol/L CdCl2 concentrations, for a period of 10, 15, 20 and 25 d. The extent of damage to chlorophyll, protein, proline, nitrate and nitrite reductase, antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves and roots were evaluated after 10 d of cadmium stress. The higher concentration of cadmium （100 μmol/L） resulted （leaves and roots） total chlorophyll 91.01%, protein 79.51%, 83.61%, nitrate reductase 79.39%, 80.72% and nitrite reductase 77.07%, 75.88% activity decreased with increase in cadmium concentrations and exposure periods. Cadmium caused significant changes in the activity of antioxidative enzymes. Contrastingly Cd treated plant tissues showed an increase in proline 159.87%, 239.6%, gluthion reductase （GR） 337.72%, 306.14%, superoxide disumutase （SOD） 688.56%, 381.72%, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） 226.47%, 252.14%, peroxidase （POD） 72.19%, 60.29% and catalase （CAT） 228.96%, 214.74% as compared to control. Cadmium stress caused a significant increase in the rate of SOD activity in leaves and roots of plant species. Results show the crop A. hypogaea is highly sensitive even at very low cadmium concentrations.

关键词： toxicological effects cadmium protein proline antioxidant enzymes

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Mapping of hard rock aquifer system and artificial recharge zonation through remote sensing and GIS approach in parts of Perambalur District of Tamil nadu, India

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2019年第3期7卷 264-281页

作者： A Muthamilselvan n Rajasekaran R suresh Dept.of.Remote Sensing Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalliIndia Dept.of Geology Periyar UniversitySalemIndia

Mapping of hard rock aquifer system and artificial recharge zonation were carried out in an area of 325 km^2 in parts of the Perambalur District,Tamil nadu,*** district has been declared as one of the over-exploited regions in Tamil nadu by the Central Groundwater *** raise the groundwater level,suitable recharge zones were identified and artificial recharge structures are suggested using geomatics technology in the present *** this end,various thematic maps concerning lithology,soil,geomorphology,land use,land cover,slope,lineament,lineament density,drainage,drainage density and groundwater depth level were *** hornblende gneiss(244 km^2)covered most of the study area followed by charnockites(68 km^2).Structural hills and rocky pediments characterize the major geomorphological features in the targeted area,and are followed by deep moderated *** area is mostly used as crop and fallow land,followed by scrub land and deciduous *** the study area,the slopes are predominantly very gentle(142 km^2)and nearly level(66 km^2)***,Groundwater level data of 58 wells have been generated,in which the minimum and maximum depth were 3 and 28 m *** under the GIS environment has been carried out using all the thematic layers to identify the groundwater prospect zone through the introduction of weight and rank *** output performances were classified into very poor,poor,moderate,good and excellent *** these classes were further divided into two groups as suitable and non-suitable area for the selection of recharge *** rock fractures were mapped as lineaments from satellite images,and besides that,rose diagram was also generated to find out the trend of the ***,fracture data of 146 numbers have been collected using Brunton compass to generate rose diagram and were correlated with the rose diagram derived from *** present study significantly brought up

关键词： Hard rock aquifer Artificial recharge Remote sensing and GIS Groundwater level

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A review on perovskite solar cells (PSCs),materials and applications

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第5期7卷 940-956页

作者： n.suresh Kumar K.Chandra Babu naidu Department of Physics JNTUA College of EngineeringAnantapuramu515002A.PIndia Dept.of Physics GITAM Deemed to be UniversityBangalore562163KarnatakaIndia

In recent years,the perovskite solar cells have gained much attention because of their ever-increasing power conversion efficiency(PCE),simple solution fabrication process,flyable,light-weight wearable and deployable for ultra-lightweight space and low-cost materials constituents *** the last few years,the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has surpassed 25%due to high-quality perovskite-film accomplished through low-temperature synthesis techniques along with developing suitable interface and ***,the stability of perovskite solar cells has attracted much well-deserved *** this article we have focused on recent progress of the perovskite solar cells regarding their crystallinity,morphology and synthesis ***,demonstrated different layers such as electron transport-layers(ETLs),hole transport-layers(HTLs)and buffer-layers utilized in perovskite solar-cells,considering their band gap,carrier mobility,transmittance *** of various tin(Sn),carbon and polymer-based perovskite solar cells and their potential of commercialization feasibility has also been discussed.

关键词： Perovskite solar-cells Power conversion efficiency Hole transport layer Electron transport layer Buffer layer Photovoltaic devices

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Half-a-century(1971–2020)of glacier shrinkage and climatic variability in the Bhaga basin,western Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第3期20卷 299-324页

作者： DAS suresh SHARMA Milap Chand MURARI Madhav Krishna nÜSSER Marcus SCHMIDT Susanne Centre for the Study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India national Geochronology Facility Inter-University Accelerator CentreNew Delhi 110067India Department of Geography South Asia Institute(SAI)Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69115Germany Heidelberg Centre for the Environment(HCE) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany

Glacier shrinkage is a globally occurring ***-resolution change detection based on frequent mapping and monitoring of high-altitude glaciers is necessary to precisely evaluate future water availability and to understand glacier evolution under different climatic scenarios in the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayan(HKH)*** also holds true for the Bhaga basin of the western *** study investigates glacier and glacier lake changes in the Bhaga basin,over the last five decades based on satellite imagery including Corona KH4(1971),Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus(ETM+;2000),Linear Imaging Self-Scanning Sensor(LISS Ⅳ;2013),and Sentinel 2(2020).Regional temperature and precipitation trends were evaluated from gridded climatic datasets(1900–2020).In the Bhaga basin 306 glaciers(>0.2 km^(2))were mapped with a total area of 360.3±4.0 km^(2),of which 55.7±0.6 km^(2)was covered with debris in *** total glacier covered area decreased by∼8.2±1.5%(0.16±0.03%yr-1)during the entire observation period 1971–2020,with noticeable heterogeneity between tributary *** the past two decades(2000–2020),the deglaciation rate has increased significantly(0.25%yr-1)compared to the previous decades(1971–2000;0.12%yr-1).Glacier lake area increased by 0.6±0.1 km^(2)(0.012 km^(2)yr-1)between 1971 and *** nCEP/nCAR climatic data reveals an increase of 0.63℃in temperature and a decrease of 6.39 mm in precipitation for the period 1948–*** comparison,APHRODITE data shows an increasing trend in temperature of 1.14℃between 1961 and 2015 and decreasing trend in precipitation of 31 mm between 1951 and *** nCEP/nCAR and APHRODITE data reveal significant temperature increase and precipitation decrease since the 1990s,which have probably augmented ice loss in the Bhaga basin during the early 21st century.

关键词： Glacier change Remote sensing APHRODITE nCEP/nCAR reanalysis Climate change Western Himalaya

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Effect of fracture-skin on virus transport in fractured porous media

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第6期3卷 893-900页

作者： n.natarajan G.suresh Kumar EWRE Division Department of Civil EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyMadrasChennai 36India Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyMadrasChennai 36India

A numerical model is developed for describing the transport of virus in a fracture-matrix coupled system with fracture-skin. An advective dispersive virus transport equation, including first- order sorption and inactivation constant is used for simulating the movement of viruses. Implicit finite-difference numerical technique is used to solve the coupled non-linear governing equations for the triple continuum model consisting of fracture, fracture-skin and the rock-matrix. A varying grid is adopted at the fracture and fracture-skin interface to capture the mass transfer. Sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the effect of various properties of the fracture-skin as well as viruses on the virus concentration in the fractured formation with fracture-skin. Simulation results suggest that the virus concentration in the fracture decreases with increment in the fracture-skin porosity, fracture-skin diffu- sion coefficient, mass transfer coefficient, inactivation constant and sorption distribution coefficient, and with reduction in the fracture aperture.

关键词： Fracture-skin Virus transport Rock-matrix Fracture

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Adaptive-atom whale optimization algorithm using autonomous mobile ad hoc network for energy-efficient multipath routing

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2020年第6期11卷 1-22页

作者： suresh R.Halhalli B.n.Jagdale Shounak Rushikesh Sugave Electronics Engineering M.S.Bidve Engineering College LaturIndia School of CET Dr.Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University PuneIndia

Mobile ad hoc network(MAnET)consists of a group of self-operated mobile nodes that form a network without considering predefined *** the network,each node poses less energy due to battery-operated sensor *** methods are devised for routing,but each method suffered from the energy *** paper proposes an energy-efficient multipath routing protocol for exploiting different routes between source and destination to mitigate energy *** key idea is to determine the optimal path from a set of paths available between the source and the target *** improve the security in routing protocol,the factors,like energy,trust,and mobility are considered as major ***,the trust is modeled by considering trust factors,like average encounter rate(AER),successful cooperation frequency(SCF),direct trust,integrity factor,and forwarding rate ***,secure routing is performed between the nodes using the proposed Adaptive-Atom Whale Optimization algorithm(AdaptiveAWOA).The proposed (Adaptive-AWOA)is designed by incorporating the Adaptive concept in the Atom Whale Optimization algorithm(AWOA).The fitness function is newly modeled considering mobility,energy,and trust *** proposed AdaptiveAWOA outperformed the other methods with a minimal end-to-end delay of 0.009,maximal throughput of 85.802%and maximal packet delivery ratio(PDR)of 97.391%,respectively.

关键词： MAnET energy multipath routing trust mobility

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