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Elucidating the impact of the ionomer equivalent weight on a platinum group metal-free PEMFC cathode via oxygen limiting current

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SusMat 2023年第1期3卷 72-90页

作者： HaoWang Luigi Osmieri Haoran Yu Michael J.Zachman Jae Hyung Park Nancy N.Kariuki Firat C.Cetinbas sunilkumar khandavalli Scott Mauger Deborah J.Myers David A.Cullen Kenneth C.Neyerlin Chemistry and Nanoscience Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenColoradoUSA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA Nuclear Science and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA

Leveraging the interactions between ionomer and catalyst can increase the performance of proton exchangemembrane fuel *** impacts of the equivalent weight(EW)of perfluorosulfonic acid-based ionomers on the platinum group metal-free electrode structure and fuel cell performance have not been fully *** membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)were prepared by using a commercial Fe-N-C catalyst,two perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers with different EWs,that is,Aquivion 720(A720)and Nafion 1100(N1100),and two ionomer-tocatalyst(I/C)*** four MEAswere characterized to understand the impact of the ionomer EW and content on the capacitance,proton conductivity,and mass transport on the *** mass transport resistance was measured for the first time using a new oxygen reduction reaction limiting current method enabling to couple the effects of oxygen diffusion with liquid water *** EW ionomer combined with a moderate I/C results in improved performance due to its enhanced proton ***,when used at high I/C,it can cause severewater flooding at high current density due to the enhanced liquid water uptake,especially at high relative humidity,resulting in lower catalyst utilization and higher mass transport resistance.

关键词： ionomer equivalent weight limiting current mass transport oxygen reduction reaction PGMfree catalyst proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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Janus liquid marbles:Fabrication techniques,recent developments,and applications

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液滴(英文) 2023年第2期2卷 1-15页

作者： Bindhu sunilkumar Lekshmi Subramanyan Namboodiri Varanakkottu Optofluidics and Interface Science Laboratory Department of PhysicsNational Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikodeKeralaIndia

Liquid marbles(LMs)are nonsticky droplets stabilized by hydrophobic solid particles that are adsorbed at the liquid–air *** are emerging as a potential platform in digital microfluidics,sensing applications,storage unit,biological incubation,and cosmetic *** multifunctional particles to form Janus liquid marble(JLM)could enhance the capabilities of the pristine *** are multifunctional next-generation LMs comprising two hemispherical domains of distinct physicochemical properties such as size,hydrophobicity,electrical conductivity,surface functionalization,stimuli-responsivity,and so *** JLMs offer precise control on the manipulability and enhanced performance over pristine *** the properties,applications,and progress of LMs are detailed in the recent literature,a focused review encompassing the fabrication,recent developments,potential applications of JLMs,and the challenges regarding its reliable fabrication remains a gap in the *** review provides insights into the importance of JLMs,systematically discussing the fabrication strategies,applications,challenges,and future directions.

关键词： liquid precise directions

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Ground motion improvements in SPEAR3

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第9期40卷 164-170页

作者： James A.Safranek Yiton T.Yan Domenico Dell’Orco Georg Gassner Nikita sunilkumar SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management

SPEAR3 is a third-generation synchrotron light source storage ring, about 234 meters in *** meet the beam stability requirement, our goal is to ultimately achieve an orbit variation（relative to the photon beam lines） of less than 10% of the beam size, which is about 1 micron in the vertical plane. Hydrostatic leveling system（HLS） measurements show that the height of the SPEAR3 tunnel floor can vary by tens of microns daily without thermal insulation improvements. We present an analysis of the HLS data that shows that adding thermal insulation to the concrete walls of the storage ring tunnel dramatically decreased diurnal tunnel floor motion.

关键词： accelerator synchrotron radiation optics heat ground motion

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Numerical study of wave disturbance in liquid cooling film

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Propulsion and Power Research 2013年第2期2卷 107-118页

作者： S.R.Shine S.sunilkumar B.N.Suresh deparment of aeroxpace engineering indian institute of space science and teclnologythirnvananthapuram695547ndia thermal engineering division liquid propulsion systems centreindian space research organization.thiriwvananthapuram695547india indian space research organization isro hobangaloreindia

Transient numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the liquid-gas interfacecharacteristics associated with liquid film cooling flows.A two-dimensional axisymmetricmulti-phase numerical model using finite volume formulation is *** model hasbeen validated against available experimental data for liquid-film cooling flows inside *** model has been used to predict the interface characteristics for a variety of imposedparameters and momentum flux ratios under cold flow conditions wherein both the coolant andmainstream are maintained at the same *** waves are observed at theliquid-gas interface for coolant flows above a critical value and after a finite distance from *** distance toward the wave inception point increased with the increase of momentumflux ***,at higher momentum flux ratios,the properties of the disturbance wavesdid not vary *** parameters related to the liquid-gas interface waves,namely,wave velocity,frequency,amplitude and wave length have been analyzed in *** that the liquid entrainment is due to the shearing of the disturbance wave crest.

关键词： Liquid film cooling Liquid entrainment Interface disturbances Rocket combustion chamber Numerical analysis

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Acute dapsone poisoning in a 3-year-old child: Case report with review of literature

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世界临床病例杂志 2015年第10期3卷 911-914页

作者： Menon Narayanankutty sunilkumar Thekkuttuparambil Ananthanarayanan Ajith Vadakut Krishnan Parvathy Department of Paediatrics Amala Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Biochemistry Amala Institute of Medical Sciences

Dapsone(DDS-diamino diphenyl sulphone) is a sulfone antibiotic being used for a variety of clinical conditions. Poisoning in children by DDS is rarely reported. Poisoning in acute cases will be frequently unrecognized due to relative lack of severe signs and symptoms. Methemoglobinemia is the major life-threatening situation associated with poisoning of DDS. Hence, any delay for medical attention can lead to increased rate of mortality. In this case, we describe acute DDS poisoning in a 3-year-old child and the successful management using intravenous methylene blue.

关键词： Dapsone Methemoglobinemia Ascorbic acid Methylene blue Hemolysis

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Can repeated scorpion bite lead to development of resistance to the effect of local anesthetics? Maybe it does!

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2013年第2期2卷 179-182页

作者： Mridul M. Panditrao Minnu M. Panditrao V. sunilkumar Aditi M. Panditrao Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Padmashree Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil Foundation’s Medical College & Hospital Ahmednagar India Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Rand Memorial Hospital Freeport Bahamas Commonwealth of the Bahamas

An 80 years old, bronchial asthmatic, male was posted for left cataract extraction with intra ocular lens implantation. He was administered peribulbar block/left facial nerve block. There was no sensory or motor block. Thereafter peribulbar block was repeated. Only partial akinesia was achieved, so under intermittent intra venous sedation, the surgery continued for 40 minutes. In the post-operative period, no signs of any residual/delayed block were noted. On specific enquiry, patient gave history of scorpion bite thrice, at the age of 27 years on his right foot, about 8-9 years back and again about 6-7 months back on his right hand. On 4th post-operative day after obtaining informed consent, local infiltration of the skin on the ventral aspect of the forearm, using, 6 mL, 2% lignocaine with adrenaline, was carried out. Confirming the suspicion, there was no sensory block after the injection, confirmed by pin prick method. Peribulbar block produces adequate intra-operative analgesia for cataract extraction. The cause of the failures may be due to technical inability to achieve block. However failure that occurs despite of technically correct injection of the correct drug can be mystifying. As the scorpion venom is known to affect the pumping mechanism of sodium channels in the nerve fibres, which are involved in the mechanism of action of local anaesthetic drugs, it may be responsible for the development of “resistance” to the action of local anaesthetic agents.

关键词： Resistance to Local Anaesthetics Multiple Scorpion Bites Peribulbar Block Ophthalmic Surgery

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