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Entacapone promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in mice

Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1005-1010页

作者： Dae Young Yoo Hyo Young Jung Woosuk Kim Kyu Ri Hahn hyun Jung Kwon sung Min Nam Jin Young Chung Yeo sung Yoon Dae Won Kim In Koo hwang Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of Veterinary Medicineand Research Institute for Veterinary ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Anatomy College of MedicineSoonchunhyang UniversityCheonanSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute for Bioscience and BiotechnologyHallym UniversityChuncheonSouth Korea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Institute of Oral SciencesCollege of DentistryGangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneungSouth Korea Department of Anatomy College of Veterinary MedicineKonkuk UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Geriatrics College of Veterinary MedicineKangwon National UniversityChuncheonSouth Korea

Entacapone,a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor,can strengthen the therapeutic effects of levodopa on the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.However,few studies are reported on whether entacapone can affect hippocampal neurogenesis in mice.To investigate the effects of entacapone,a modulator of dopamine,on proliferating cells and immature neurons in the mouse hippocampal dentate gyrus,60 mice(7 weeks old)were randomly divided into a vehicle-treated group and the groups treated with 10,50,or 200 mg/kg entacapone.The results showed that 50 and 200 mg/kg entacapone increased the exploration time for novel object recognition.Immunohistochemical staining results revealed that after entacapone treatment,the numbers of Ki67-positive proliferating cells,doublecortin-positive immature neurons,and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein(pCREB)-positive cells were significantly increased.Western blot analysis results revealed that treatment with tyrosine kinase receptor B(TrkB)receptor antagonist significantly decreased the exploration time for novel object recognition and inhibited the expression of phosphorylated TrkB and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).Entacapone treatment antagonized the effects of TrkB receptor antagonist.These results suggest that entacapone treatment promoted hippocampal neurogenesis and improved memory function through activating the BDNF-TrkB-pCREB pathway.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Seoul National University(approval No.SNU-130730-1)on February 24,2014.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor entacapone hippocampus neurogenesis neurotrophic factor phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein tyrosine kinase receptor B receptor

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Adaptive Electrospinning System Based on Reinforcement Learning for Uniform‑Thickness Nanofiber Air Filters

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第2期5卷 617-631页

作者： Seok Hyeon hwang Jin Yeong Song hyun Il Ryu Jae Hee Oh Seungwook Lee Donggeun Lee Dong Yong Park Sang Min Park School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National University63‑2 Busan University‑roGeumjeong‑guBusan 46241South Korea Smart Manufacturing Technology R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial Technology320 Techno Sunhwan‑roYuga‑eupDalseong‑gunDaegu 42994Republic of Korea

Electrospinning is a simple and versatile method to produce nanofiber filters.However,owing to bending instability that occurs during the electrospinning process,electrospinning has frequently produced a non-uniform-thickness nanofiber filter,which deteriorates its air filtration.Here,an adaptive electrospinning system based on reinforcement learning(E-RL)was developed to produce uniform-thickness nanofiber filters.The E-RL accomplished a real-time thickness measurement of an electrospun nanofiber filter by measuring the transmitted light through the nanofiber filter using a camera placed at the bottom of the collector and converting it into thickness using the Beer–Lambert law.Based on the measured thickness,the E-RL detected the non-uniformity of the nanofiber filter thickness and manipulated the movable collector to alleviate the non-uniformity of the thickness by a pre-trained reinforcement learning(RL)algorithm.For the training of the RL algo-rithm,the nanofiber production simulation software based on the empirical model of the deposition of the nanofiber filter was developed,and the training process of the RL algorithm was repeated until the optimal policy was achieved.After the training process with the simulation software,the trained model was transferred to the adaptive electrospinning system.By the movement of the collector under the optimal strategy of RL algorithm,the non-uniformity of such nanofiber filters was significantly reduced by approximately five times in standard deviation and error for both simulation and experiment.This finding has great potential in improving the reliability of electrospinning process and nanofiber filters used in research and industrial fields such as environment,energy,and biomedicine.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofiber filter Uniform thickness Reinforcement learning Deep Q-network

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Degradable and Tunable Keratin-fibrinogen Hydrogel as Controlled Release System for Skin Tissue Regeneration

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第3期20卷 1049-1059页

作者： sung Jun Min Jae Seo Lee Haram Nah Ho-Jin Moon Sang Jin Lee Hyeon Jeong Kang Yu-Shik hwang Il Keun Kwon Dong Nyoung Heo Department of Dentistry Graduate SchoolKyung Hee University26 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-GuSeoul02447Republic of Korea Biofriends Inc 26 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-GuSeoul02447Republic of Korea Department of Dental Materials School of DentistryKyung Hee University26 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-GuSeoul02447Republic of Korea Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology School of DentistryKyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Korea Kyung Hee University Medical Science Research Institute Kyung Hee University23 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-GuSeoul02447Republic of Korea

Biodegradable hydrogels are promising biomaterials for use in controlled-release systems for skin tissue regeneration. Controlled delivery systems constitute an important aspect of tissue engineering because they can modulate various physiological responses, including early immune response, tissue remodeling, and cell proliferation and maturation in the wound-healing process. Hydrogels composed of various biomaterials have been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional drug- or protein-delivery systems, such as limited targeting ability, low stability, and the induction of drug resistance. Hydrogels based on keratin, a natural polymer extracted from human hair, can provide adequate cell support and control homeostasis. Consequently, they can be applied for skin tissue engineering. In this study, we prepared degradable, tunable, and biocompatible hydrogels for controllable protein delivery. We synthesized keratin-fibrinogen (KER-FBG) by the chemical coupling reaction and prepared hydrogels through polymerization with thrombin. The structures and morphologies of the KER-FBG hydrogels were confirmed. Furthermore, the mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation, release behavior, and biocompatibility were investigated. The KER-FBG hydrogels presented promising biological performance, indicating that the material is suitable as a controlled protein delivery carrier.

关键词： Keratin Fibrinogen Hydrogel Drug delivery Degradable

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Significance of incidental focal fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in colon/rectum,thyroid,and prostate:With a brief literature review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第34期10卷 12532-12542页

作者： Haejun Lee Kyung-Hoon hwang Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

BACKGROUND Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(F-18 FDG PET/CT),a functional imaging method,is usually performed on the entire torso,and regions of unexpected suspicious focal hypermetabolism are not infrequently observed.Among the regions,colon,thyroid,and prostate were found to be the common organs in a recent umbrella review.Some studies reported that a high rate of malignancy was shown in incidentally identified focal hypermetabolic regions and suggested that further examinations should not be ignored.AIM To investigate the malignancy rate of incidental focal FDG uptake,useful PET parameters and their cutoffs in discrimination between malignant and benign lesions.METHODS Retrospectively,the final reports of 16510 F-18 FDG PET/CT scans performed at our hospital between January 2016 and March 2022 were reviewed to identify incidentally observed FDG uptake in the colon/rectum,thyroid,and prostate.The scans of patients with current or prior malignancies at each corresponding location,without the final reports of histopathology or colonoscopy(for colon and rectum)for the corresponding hypermetabolic regions,or with diffuse(not focal)hypermetabolism were excluded.Finally,88 regions of focal colorectal hypermetabolism in 85 patients(48 men and 37 women with mean age 67.0±13.4 years and 63.4±15.8 years,respectively),48 focal thyroid uptakes in 48 patients(12 men and 36 women with mean age 62.2±13.1 years and 60.8±12.4 years,respectively),and 39 focal prostate uptakes in 39 patients(mean age 71.8±7.5 years)were eligible for this study.For those unexpected focal hypermetabolic regions,rates of malignancy were calculated,PET parameters,such as standardized uptake value(SUV),capable of distinguishing between malignant and benign lesions were investigated,and the cutoffs of those PET parameters were determined by plotting receiver operating characteristic curves.RESULTS In the colon and rectum,29.5%(26/88)were malignant and 33.0%(29/88)were premalignant lesions.Both SUVmax and S

关键词： Incidental Focal Uptake Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography/computed tomography Standardized uptake value

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Mechanical properties of graphene oxide?silk fibroin bionanofilms via nanoindentation experiments and finite element analysis

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Friction 2022年第2期10卷 282-295页

作者： Hyeonho CHO Joonho LEE hyundo hwang Woonbong hwang Jin-Gyun KIM sunghan KIM School of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering(Integrated Engineering) Kyung Hee UniversityGyeonggi 17104Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering POSTECHPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Robotics&Mechatronics.Korea Institute of Machinery&Materials Daejeon 34103Republic of Korea

Understanding the mechanical properties of bionanofilms is important in terms of identifying their durability.The primary focus of this study is to examine the effect of water vapor annealed silk fibroin on the indentation modulus and hardness of graphene oxide-silk fibroin(GO-SF)bionanofilms through nanoindentation experiments and finite element analysis(FEA).The GO-SF bionanofilms were fabricated using the layer-by-layer technique.The water vapor annealing process was employed to enhance the interfacial properties between the GO and SF layers,and the mechanical properties of the GO-SF bionanofilms were found to be affected by this process.By employing water vapor annealing,the indentation modulus and hardness of the GO-SF bionanofilms can be improved.Furthermore,the FEA models of the GO-SF bionanofilms were developed to simulate the details of the mechanical behaviors of the GO-SF bionanofilms.The difference in the stress and strain distribution inside the GO-SF bionanofilms before and after annealing was analyzed.In addition,the load-displacement curves that were obtained by the developed FEA model conformed well with the results from the nanoindentation tests.In summary,this study presents the mechanism of improving the indentation modulus and hardness of the GO-SF bionanofilms through the water vapor annealing process,which is established with the FEA simulation models.

关键词： graphene oxide silk fibroin layer-by-layer(LbL) nanoindentation finite element analysis(FEA)

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iNID： An Analytical Framework for Identifying Network Models for Interplays among Developmental Signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第5期7卷 792-813页

作者： Daeseok Choi Jaemyung Choi Byeongsoo Kang Seungchul Lee Young-hyun Cho Ildoo hwang Daehee hwang School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering POSTECH 790-784 Pohang Republic of Korea Department of Life Sciences POSTECH 790-784 Pohang Republic of Korea Department of New Biology DGIST Daegu 711-873 Republic of Korea Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnologies POSTECH 790-784 Pohang Republic of Korea Center for Systems Biology of Plant Senescence and-Life History Institute for BasicScience DGIST Daegu 711-873 Republic of Korea

Integration of internal and external cues into developmental programs is indispensable for growth and development of plants, which involve complex interplays among signaling pathways activated by the internal and external factors （IEFs）. However, decoding these complex interplays is still challenging. Here, we present a web-based platform that identifies key regulators and Network models delineating Interplays among Developmental signaling （iNID） in Arabidopsis. iNID provides a comprehensive resource of （1） transcriptomes previously collected under the conditions treated with a broad spectrum of IEFs and （2） protein and genetic interactome data in Arabidopsis. In addition, iNID provides an array of tools for identifying key regulators and network models related to interplays among IEFs using transcriptome and interactome data. To demonstrate the utility of iNID, we investigated the interplays of （1） phytohormones and light and （2） phytohormones and biotic stresses. The results revealed 34 potential regulators of the interplays, some of which have not been reported in association with the interplays, and also network models that delineate the involvement of the 34 regulators in the interplays, providing novel insights into the interplays collectively defined by phytohormones, light, and biotic stresses. We then experimentally verified that BME3 and TEM1, among the selected regulators, are involved in the auxin-brassinosteroid （BR）-blue light interplay. Therefore, iNID serves as a useful tool to provide a basis for understanding interplays among IEFs.

关键词： transcriptome analysis network analysis signal interplays development Arabidopsis.

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Cavernous mesenteric lymphangiomatosis mimicking metastasis in a patient with rectal cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第31期15卷 3947-3949页

作者： Seong Su hwang hyun Joo Choi Soo Youn Park Department of Radiology St.Vincent's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea Department of Pathology St.Vincent's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea

Lymphangioma usually occurs in children and usually involves the skin. Mesenteric lymphangioma is extremely rare in adults. Typically, lymphangioma appears on computed tomography (CT) as a lower attenuation of a cystic mass, however, some cases appear to be a solid mass. We describe the CT and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/CT appearance in a case of jejunal and mesenteric cavernous lymphangi-omatosis mimicking metastasis in an adult patient with rectal cancer.

关键词：淋巴管瘤肠系膜直肠癌海绵状病例报告模仿计算机断层扫描患者

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A Method for Detecting Non-Mask Wearers Based on Regression Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4411-4431页

作者： Dokyung hwang Hyeonmin Ro Naejoung Kwak Jinsang hwang Dongju Kim POSTECH Institute of Artificial Intelligence Pohang24257Korea Department of Information Security at Pai Chai University Daejeon35345Korea Department of Safety and Emergency Management at Kyungwoon University Gumi39160Korea

A novel practical and universal method of mask-wearing detection has been proposed to prevent viral respiratory infections.The proposed method quickly and accurately detects mask and facial regions using welltrained You Only Look Once(YOLO)detector,then applies image coordinates of the detected bounding box(bbox).First,the data that is used to train our model is collected under various circumstances such as light disturbances,distances,time variations,and different climate conditions.It also contains various mask types to detect in general and universal application of the model.To detect mask-wearing status,it is important to detect facial and mask region accurately and we created our own dataset by taking picture of images.Furthermore,the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)model is trained with both our own dataset and open dataset to detect under heavy foot-traffic(Indoors).To make the model robust and reliable in various environment and situations,we collected various sample data in different distances.And through the experiment,we found out that there is a particular gradient according to the mask-wearing status.The proposed method searches the point where the distance between the gradient for each state and the coordinate information of the detected object is the minimum.Then it carry out the classification of mask-wearing status of detected object.Lastly,we defined and classified three different mask-wearing states according to the mask’s position(With mask,Wear a mask around chin and Without mask).The gradient according to the mask-wearing status,is analyzed through linear regression.The regression interpretation is based on coordinate information of mask-wearing status and the sample data collected in simulated environment that considering distances between objects and the camera in the World Coordinate System.Through the experiments,we found out that linear regression analysis is more suitable than logistic regression analysis for classification of people wearing masks in general-purpose environments.And t

关键词： Automatic quarantine process detection of improper mask wearers facial image coordinates convolution neural network

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Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Performance due to Blade Tip Clearance in a Gas Turbine Rotor Cascade

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第1期31卷 173-178页

作者： CHUNG Jinmoo BAEK Seungchan hwang Wontae Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Machines and Design Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Engineering Research Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

This study examines how the complex flow structure within a gas turbine rotor affects aerodynamic loss. An unshrouded linear turbine cascade was built, and velocity and pressure fields were measured using a 5-hole probe. In order to elucidate the effect of tip clearance, the overall aerodynamic loss was evaluated by varying the tip clearance and examining the total pressure field for each case. The tip clearance was varied from 0% to 4.2% of blade span and the chord length based Reynolds number was fixed at 2×10^(5). For the case without tip clearance, a wake downstream of the blade trailing edge is observed, along with hub and tip passage vortices. These flow structures result in profile loss at the center of the blade span, and passage vortex related losses towards the hub and tip. As the tip clearance increases, a tip leakage vortex is formed, and it becomes stronger and eventually alters the tip passage vortex. Because of the interference of the secondary tip leakage flow with the main flow, the streamwise velocity decreases while the total pressure loss increases significantly by tenfold in the last 30% blade span region towards the tip for the 4.2% tip clearance case. It was additionally observed that the overall aerodynamic loss increases linearly with tip clearance.

关键词： gas turbine turbine cascade aerodynamic loss tip clearance tip leakage

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Expression of prothymosin α predicts early recurrence and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2015年第2期14卷 171-177页

作者： Sang Yun Ha Dae hyun Song Soo hyun hwang Soo Youn Cho Cheol-Keun Park Department of Pathology Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND：Prothymosinα（PTMA）is a nuclear oncoprotein-transcription factor essential for cell cycle progression and proliferation.PTMA was overexpressed in several human malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）.However,the prognostic significance of PTMA protein expression in HCC remains unclear.In the present study,we evaluated PTMA protein expression by immunohistochemistry in order to elucidate the prognostic roles of PTMA in HCC patients.METHODS： By immunohistochemistry, we investigated the expression of PTMA protein in tumor tissue from 226 HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate its predic- tive value for tumor recurrence and survival of patients. The median follow-up period was 120 months. RESULTS： PTMA expression was observed in 162 （71.7%） of the 226 HCC patients and was significantly associated with higher Edmondson grade, microvascular invasion, intrahe- patic metastasis, higher American Joint Committee on Cancer （AJCC） T-stage, and lower albumin level. PTMA expression was an independent predictor of early recurrence （P=0.001）. PTMA expression showed an unfavorable influence on recurrence- free survival （RFS）（P〈0.001）. Subgroup analysis showed that among patients with tumor size _〈5.0 cm （140 patients）, patients at AJCC T-stage I （95 patients） and patients with a-fetoprotein ≤20 ng/mL （83 patients）, the differences in RFS between PTMA- positive and PTMA-negative groups were also statistically sig- nificant （P=0.017, P=0.002 and P=0.002, respectively）. In addi- tion, PTMA expression was an independent predictor of shorter RFS （P=0.011）. PTMA expression showed an unfavorable influ- ence on overall survival （P=0.014）, but was not an independent predictor of shorter overall survival （P=0.161）. CONCLUSIONS： PTMA protein expression might be a novel predictor of early recurrence and RFS in HCC patients, even those at early stage or with a-fetoprotein-negative after curative hepatectomy. PTMA could be used as an immunohistoch

关键词： prothymosin a hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence

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