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Enhancing Identity Protection in Metaverse-Based Psychological Counseling System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 617-632页

作者： jun lee Hanna lee Seong Chan lee Hyun Kwon Department of Game Software Hoseo UniversityAsan-si31499Korea Yatav Enter Seoul04799Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoul01805Korea

Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.

关键词： Metaverse counseling system face tracking identity protection

Chemical and mechanical properties of stainless, environment-friendly, and nonflammable Mg alloys (SEN alloys): A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 841-872页

作者： Jong Un lee Hyun Ji Kim Sang-Cheol Jin Ye Jin Kim Young Min Kim Bong Sun You jun Ho Bae sung Hyuk Park Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Missile Research Institute Agency for Defense DevelopmentDaejeon 34060Republic of Korea

This review article provides overall understanding of stainless,environment-friendly,and nonflammable Mg alloys(SEN alloys)recently developed at the Korea Institute of Materials Science.SEN alloys are produced by adding small amounts of Ca and Y(each<1 wt%)into commercial Mg–Al based alloys,resulting in exceptional ignition and corrosion resistances and impressive mechanical properties.Their main advantages of SEN alloys are as follows.(1)A dense multi-oxide layer of SEN alloys comprising MgO,CaO,and Y_(2)O_(3) impedes the outward dispersion of Mg vapor and the inward penetration of O_(2) during oxidation,thereby enhancing the oxidation and ignition resistances.(2)The presence of Ca-and Y-based second-phase particles in SEN alloys can enhance their corrosion resistance because Ca-containing particles prevent the spread of corrosion,and the replacement of Al-containing particles with less noble ones containing Y(e.g.,Al–Mn–Y or Al–Y particles)retards corrosion.(3)The addition of minor amounts of Ca and Y renders excellent mechanical properties due to improved strengthening effects.These enhanced properties are attributed to more pronounced dynamic recrystallization and grain refining behaviors caused by the second-phase particles during extrusion.(4)Despite the presence of various types of second-phase particles,the fatigue properties of SEN9 alloys are similar to those of commercial AZ91 alloys.(5)Simultaneous introduction of Ca and Y suppresses the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates during aging,leading to the enhanced elongation of aged SEN alloys.(6)Adding mischmetal into the SEN9 alloy leads to a six-fold enhancement in extrudability.Consequently,the studies conducted on SEN alloys demonstrate their excellent ignition and corrosion resistances and mechanical properties,which broaden the industrial applications of Mg alloys by addressing their inherent weaknesses.

关键词： SEN magnesium alloy Corrosion resistance Ignition resistance Mechanical properties Extrudability.

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Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for undifferentiated type early gastric cancer over 2 cm with R0 resection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 326-334页

作者： jun Yong Bae Chang Beom Ryu Moon sung lee Kulwinder S Dua Internal Medicine and Digestive Disease Center Seoul Medical CenterSeoul 02053South Korea Internal Medicine and Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Soon Chun Hyang University of School of MedicineBucheon 14584South Korea Department of Medicine Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for over 2 cm in size undifferentiated type(UD type)early gastric cancer(EGC)confined to the mucosa is not only challenging,but also long-term outcomes are not well known.AIM To evaluate the long-term outcomes of ESD done for UD type EGCs confined to the mucosa over 2 cm in size and compare the results with those where the lesions were less than 2 cm.METHODS 143 patients with UD type EGC confirmed on histology after ESD at a tertiary hospital were reviewed.Cases with synchronous and metachronous lesions and a case with emergency surgery after ESD were excluded.A total of 137 cases were enrolled.79 cases who underwent R0 resection were divided into 2 cm or less(group A)and over 2 cm(group B)in size.RESULTS Among 79 patients who underwent R0 resection,the number in group A and B were 51 and 28,respectively.The mean follow-up period(SD)was 79.71±45.42 months.There was a local recurrence in group A(1/51,2%)and group B(1/28,3.6%)respectively.This patient in group A underwent surgery while the patient in group B underwent repeated ESD with no further recurrences in both patients.There was no regional lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,and deaths in both groups.With R0 resection strategy for ESD on lesions over 2 cm,20.4%(28/137)of patients were able to avoid surgery compared with expanded indication.CONCLUSION If R0 resection is achieved by ESD,UD type EGCs over 2 cm also showed good and similar clinical outcomes as compared to lesions less than 2 cm when followed for over 5 years.With R0 resection strategy,several patients can avoid surgery.

关键词： Undifferentiated type early gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dissection Long term outcomes Over 2 cm Early gastric cancer

Effect of foot reflexology on an infant with sensorineural hearing loss:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1437-1441页

作者： Yu-jun lee Mao-Qing Chen Jie Dong Graduate School Xi'an International Studies UniversityNorth Sichuan Medical UniversityXi'an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Neural Disease North Sichuan Medical UniversityNanchong 635200Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Nursing North Sichuan Medical UniversityNachong 635200Sichuan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language Xi’an International Studies UniversityXi’an 710128Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Our study contributes to the further understanding of the mechanism of foot reflexology.Foot reflexology has been reported to affect hearing recovery,but no physiological evidence has been provided.This lack of evidence hampers the acceptance of the technique in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY A girl was taken to North Sichuan Medical University Affiliated Hospital for a hearing screen by her parents.Her parents reported that her hearing level was the same as when she was born.The girl was diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)by a doctor in the otolaryngology department.After we introduced the foot reflexology project,the parents agreed to participate in the experiment.After 6 months of foot reflexology treatment,the hearing threshold of the girl recovered to a normal level,below 30 dB.CONCLUSION Foot reflexology should be encouraged in clinical practice and for families of infants with SNHL.

关键词： Infant with sensorineural hearing loss Foot reflexology Functional connectivity Language development Case report

Evolution of biomass particles during pelletization process

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 182-187页

作者： Hamid Rezaei Maryam Tajilrou jun Sian lee Kanages Singaraveloo Anthony Lau Shahab Sokhansanj Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Pulverizing is an essential unit operation in co-firing biomass with coal.Pulverizers are only compatible with pellet forms of fibrous biomass materials and crush them down to their original forming particle sizes.That is why the data on the size distribution of the particles forming a biomass pellet is crucial to achieving optimum combustion conditions.The current study determines the internal particle size distribution of pellets after wet disintegration,following Iso 17830 standard,and aims to suggest improvements to the mentioned standard based on new measured evidence.Experiments were carried out on white wood pellets(no bark)and brown wood pellets containing bark at four water temperatures:20,40,60,and 95℃,with or without stirring.The particle size distribution of the pre-pelletizer wood particles was also measured and compared with particles in the formed pellets.Ambient water temperature of 20℃ was found to be adequate for the complete disintegration of pellets,and no mechanical stirring was required.About 30% of particles in the disintegrated pellets were 0.5-1.0 mm.Pelletization changes the particle size distribution to smaller particles.The disintegrated bark pellets contained more fines than white pellets.

关键词： Wood pellets Particle sizes distribution Wet disintegration Stirring Water temperature

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence according to an increase in the number of colonoscopy cases in Korea

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 51-60页

作者： Ga Hee Kim Yeong Chan lee Tae jun Kim sung Noh Hong Dong Kyung Chang Young-Ho Kim Dong-Hoon Yang Chang Mo Moon Kyunga Kim Hyun Gun Kim Eun-Ran Kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Digital Health Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and TechnologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 07985South Korea Biomedical Statistics Center Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04401South Korea

BACKGROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)and preinvasive CRC(e.g.,early colon cancer and advanced adenoma)is gradually increasing in several countries.AIM To evaluate the trend in incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC according to the increase in the number of colonoscopies performed in Korea.METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled Korean patients from 2002 to 2020 to evaluate the incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC,and assess the numbers of diagnostic colonoscopies and colonoscopic polypectomies.Colonoscopy-related complications by age group were also determined.RESULTS The incidence of CRC showed a rapid increase,then decreased after 2012 in the 50-75 year-age group.During the study period,the rate of incidence of preinvasive CRC increased at a similar level in patients under 50 and 50-75 years of age.Since 2009,the increase has been rapid,showing a pattern similar to the increase in colonoscopies.The rate of colonoscopic polypectomy in patients aged under 50 was similar to the rate in patients over 75 years of age after 2007.The rate of complications after colonoscopy and related deaths within 3 mo was high for those over 75 years of age.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of preinvasive CRC increased with the increase in the number of colonoscopies performed.As the risk of colonoscopy-related hospitalization and death is high in the elderly,if early lesions at risk of developing CRC are diagnosed and treated under or at the age of 75,colonoscopy-related complications can be reduced for those aged 76 years or over.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Preinvasive colorectal cancer Colorectal polypectomy Colonoscopy

Generation of double knockout cattle via CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein(RNP)electroporation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 456-462页

作者： Gyeong-Min Gim Kyeong-Hyeon Eom Dong-Hyeok Kwon Dae-Jin jung Dae-Hyun Kim jun-Koo Yi Jae-jung Ha Ji-Hyun lee Seong-Beom lee Woo-Jae Son Soo-Young Yum Won-Wu lee Goo Jang Laboratory of Theriogenology and Biotechnology Department of Veterinary Clinical ScienceCollege of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea LARTBio Co. Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea Gyeongsangbukdo Livestock Research Institute YeongjuRepublic of Korea Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Background Genome editing has been considered as powerful tool in agricultural fields.However,genome editing progress in cattle has not been fast as in other mammal species,for some disadvantages including long gestational periods,single pregnancy,and high raising cost.Furthermore,technically demanding methods such as microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)are needed for gene editing in cattle.In this point of view,electroporation in embryos has been risen as an alternative.Results First,editing efficiency of our electroporation methods were tested for embryos.Presence of mutation on embryo was confirmed by T7E1 assay.With first combination,mutation rates for MSTN and PRNP were 57.6%±13.7%and 54.6%±13.5%,respectively.In case of MSTN/BLG,mutation rates were 83.9%±23.6%for MSTN,84.5%±18.0%for BLG.Afterwards,the double-KO embryos were transferred to surrogates and mutation rate was identified in resultant calves by targeted deep sequencing.Thirteen recipients were transferred for MSTN/PRNP,4 calves were delivered,and one calf underwent an induction for double KO.Ten surrogates were given double-KO embryos for MSTN/BLG,and four of the six calves that were born had mutations in both genes.Conclusions These data demonstrated that production of genome edited cattle via electroporation of RNP could be effectively applied.Finally,MSTN and PRNP from beef cattle and MSTN and BLG from dairy cattle have been born and they will be valuable resources for future precision breeding.

关键词： Beta-lactoglobulin Cattle CRISPR-Cas9 Electroporation Knockout MSTN PRNP

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Surface Patterning of Metal Zinc Electrode with an In‑Region Zincophilic Interface for High‑Rate and Long‑Cycle‑Life Zinc Metal Anode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 192-209页

作者： Tian Wang Qiao Xi Kai Yao Yuhang Liu Hao Fu Venkata Siva Kavarthapu jun Kyu lee Shaocong Tang Dina Fattakhova‑Rohlfing Wei Ai Jae Su Yu Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering Institute for Wearable Convergence ElectronicsKyung Hee UniversityYongin‑siGyeonggi‑do 17104Republic of Korea Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE)and Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics(SIFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University(NPU)127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Institute of Energy and Climate Research:Materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK‑1) Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH52425 JulichGermany School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu‑RoJangan‑GuSuwon‑siGyeonggi‑doRepublic of Korea

The undesirable dendrite growth induced by non-planar zinc(Zn)deposition and low Coulombic efficiency resulting from severe side reactions have been long-standing challenges for metallic Zn anodes and substantially impede the practical application of rechargeable aqueous Zn metal batteries(ZMBs).Herein,we present a strategy for achieving a high-rate and long-cycle-life Zn metal anode by patterning Zn foil surfaces and endowing a Zn-Indium(Zn-In)interface in the microchannels.The accumulation of electrons in the microchannel and the zincophilicity of the Zn-In interface promote preferential heteroepitaxial Zn deposition in the microchannel region and enhance the tolerance of the electrode at high current densities.Meanwhile,electron aggregation accelerates the dissolution of non-(002)plane Zn atoms on the array surface,thereby directing the subsequent homoepitaxial Zn deposition on the array surface.Consequently,the planar dendrite-free Zn deposition and long-term cycling stability are achieved(5,050 h at 10.0 mA cm^(−2) and 27,000 cycles at 20.0 mA cm^(−2)).Furthermore,a Zn/I_(2) full cell assembled by pairing with such an anode can maintain good stability for 3,500 cycles at 5.0 C,demonstrating the application potential of the as-prepared ZnIn anode for high-performance aqueous ZMBs.

关键词： Zn metal anode Surface patterning Directional Zn deposition Aqueous Zn-I_(2)batteries

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Importance of dietary supplementation of soluble and insoluble fibers to sows subjected to high ambient temperatures during late gestation and effects on lactation performance

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 73-83页

作者： Seung Min Oh Abdolreza Hosseindoust Sang Hun Ha jun Young Mun Joseph Moturi Habeeb Tajudeen Yo Han Choi Su Hyup lee Jin Soo Kim Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institute Department of Animal Industry Convergence Kangwon National University Swine Division National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development Administration Department of Swine Science Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries

Heat stress adversely affects sows' performance, which can be improved by applying proper nutritional strategies. This study was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of dietary fiber levels and sources on sows' reproductive performance, metabolic response during gestation, and the carry-over influence on litter performance in the lactation period during heat stress(average room temperature of 27.1°C). Fifty-four multiparous sows(Landrace × Yorkshire; initial body weight of 236.3 ± 16 kg; 2, 3and 4 parities) at d 90 of gestation were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement(9 sows/treatment),involving 2 dietary fiber levels(4.5% and 6% crude fiber) and 3 dietary fiber sources(wheat bran [WB],palm kernel meal [PK], and beet pulp [BP]). Sows fed the BP diet had highest(P < 0.01) feed intake and constipation index and lowest(P < 0.01) farrowing duration. Piglet weight(P = 0.041) and litter weight(P < 0.01) at weaning were higher in sows in the BP treatment compared to PK treatment. Sows in the BP treatment showed the greatest(P < 0.01) digestibility of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber. The fecal concentration of acetate was the lowest(P < 0.01) in the PK treatment. Total short-chain fatty acid production was increased in the WB and BP treatments compared with the PK. Sows in the BP treatment showed the lowest(P = 0.036) hair cortisol. The blood insulin concentration of sows was higher(P = 0.026) in the high fiber(6%) treatment compared with the low fiber(4.5%) treatment at 90 min and120 min after the meal. The concentration of phthalic acid, succinic acid, phenylethylamine, hydrocinnamic acid, iron, linoleic acid, glycerol, ketone, and formamide were increased(P < 0.05) in the BP treatment compared with the WB. The BP treatment with high soluble fiber content improved the constipation index, farrowing duration, and litter performance, while high insoluble fibers increased sows comfort and reduced stress factors including respiratory rate and rectal temperature. Therefore,both soluble and insolub

关键词： Soluble fiber Insoluble fiber Beet pulp Wheat bran Palm kernel Metabolites