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An Evaluation of the Mitigating Effects of Α-Tocopherol (Vitamin E) and Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) on the Renal Function and Histology of Adult Male Albino Wistar Rats with Sub-Acute Lead Acetate Exposure

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2020年第2期8卷 35-49页

作者： Datonye Dennis Alasia Pedro Chimezie Emem-Chioma sunday ogbu ojeka Department of Internal Medicine College of Health Sciences University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Physiology College of Health Sciences University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify mitigating effects of the antioxidants α tocopherol (Vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) on lead induced renal toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 36 mature male Wistar rats separated into 1 control group fed with rat feeds and water only and 3 study groups fed with 10 mg/ml of lead acetate, 10 mg/ml of lead acetate + 200 mg/2ml of vitamin C and 10 mg/ml of lead acetate + 100 mg/2ml of vitamin E respectively in addition to feds and water for 28 days were used. Blood samples were obtained for renal indices and the kidneys of all rats were harvested, weighed and prepared for histological examination. Result: The percentage weight gain was highest among control rats (20.70%), followed by lead + vitamin E group (18.42%), lead + vitamin C group (17.00%) and the least amongst the lead group (9.50%). The mean serum uric acid of 419.20 ± 35.80 μmol/L in the lead treatment group was significantly higher than 395.50 ± 15.35 μmol/L, 393.30 ± 14.16 μmol/L and 387.67 ± 14.56 μmol/L in the lead + vitamin C group, lead + vitamin E group and controls respectively. The extent and proportion of renal tissue damage was higher in the lead-treated group and the commonest renal abnormalities observed were tubular and interstitial damage seen in 90.00% of rats in the lead-treated group compared to 75.00% and 60.00% in the lead + vitamin C and the lead + vitamin E groups respectively while the control rats had a normal histological appearance. Conclusions: The sub-acute administration of lead acetate may have inhibitory effect on growth of animals, and adversely affect renal function and histology with uric acid as a more reliable marker of lead induced renal toxicity compared to urea and creatinine. The histologic parameters of tubulointerstitial abnormalities were also consistent with lead toxicity. Antioxidants were useful in reducing lead induced renal damage and growth inhibition with vitamin E producing a more p

关键词： Lead Acetate Toxicity Oxidative Tissue Stress Antioxidants Prevention

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Indigenous Fruit Trees of Tropical Africa: Status, Opportunity for Development and Biodiversity Management

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 31-41页

作者： Rasheed Olufemi Awodoyin Oluseun sunday Olubode Justin Ugochukwu ogbu Rasheed Babatunde Balogun Jonah U. Nwawuisi Kalu O. Orji Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Horticulture and Landscape Technology Federal College of Agriculture (FCA) Ishiagu Nigeria Department of Pest Management Technology Federal College of Agriculture (FCA) Ishiagu Nigeria Department of Agronomy Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (MOUA) Umuahia Nigeria

Tropical fruit trees constitute important biological resources in the global agrobiodiversity context. Unlike the tropical fruit trees of American and Asian origin, indigenous fruit trees (IFT) of tropical Africa have scarcely achieved the status of international recognition in commodity markets and research arena outside Africa. This paper presented a critical review of the status of IFT in the Tropical African sub-regions (of West Africa, Central Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa and the Indian Ocean Islands) in relation to the introduced naturalised fruit trees from tropical America and Asia, threats to the diversity and sustainable use of IFT, analysis of the opportunities and challenges of developing IFT, as well as targets for crop improvement of the rich IFT of Tropical Africa. Domestication programme via relevant vegetative propagation techniques for priority IFT of the sub-regions was examined and advocated, in addition to the adoption of complementary conservation strategies, including Field GeneBanks in the management of the continent’s IFT diversity.

关键词： Biodiversity Conservation Crop Improvement Domestication Indigenous Fruit Trees Introduced Species Tropical Africa

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Comparison of the Serum Proteins and Immune Responses of Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infected Chickens and Ducks

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第6期4卷 122-128页

作者： Chekwube Paul Eze Vincent S. O. Shoyinka John Osita Arinze Okoye Wilfred sunday Ezema Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Didacus Chukwuemeka Eze Emmanuel Chukwudi Okwor ogbu Kenneth Ikejiofor Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Nigeria

The effect of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) on the immune responses and serum proteins was investigated in six-week-old ducks and chickens. Results showed that weight loss was markedly significant (p < 0.05) from days 3 - 21 (PI) in chickens and mild (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 15 PI in ducks. The antibody response obtained showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in infected chickens (IC) than those of the infected ducks (ID). While the total serum protein and serum globulin increased significantly (p < 0.05) in IC on days 7 and 14 PI, they decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in ID only on day 21 PI. The immune responses and serum protein values in this experiment X-ray showed less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. This may be related to marked anorexia and severe dehydration observed in the latter consequent upon serum concentration. Ducks could be maintaining the endemicity of Newcastle disease (ND) as reservoir host.

关键词： Velogenic Newcastle Disease Experimental Infection Immune Response Serum Proteins Ducks Chickens

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