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Adversarial data splitting for domain generalization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 28-42页

作者： Xiang GU Jian sun Zongben XU School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi'an Jiaotong University

domain generalization aims to learn a model that is generalizable to an unseen target domain,which is a fundamental and challenging task in machine learning for out-of-distribution generalization. This paper proposes a novel domain generalization approach that enforces the learned model to be able to generalize well over the train/val subset splitting of the training dataset. This idea is modeled herein as an adversarial data splitting framework, formulated as a min-max optimization problem inspired by the metalearning approach. The min-max optimization problem is solved by iteratively splitting the training dataset into the training and val subsets to maximize the domain shift measured by the objective function and updating the model parameters to enable the model to generalize well from the training subset to the val subset by minimizing the objective function. This adversarial training approach does not assume the known domain labels of the training data; instead, it automatically investigates the “hard” splitting of the train/val subsets to learn the generalizable model. Extensive experimental results using three benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of this approach. In addition, we derive a generalization error bound for the theoretical understanding of our proposed approach.

关键词： domain generalization adversarial learning data splitting meta-learning out of distribution

Research on ECMS Based on Segmented path Braking Energy Recovery in a Fuel Cell Vehicle

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Energy Engineering 2024年第1期121卷 95-110页

作者： Wen sun Meijing li Guoxiang li Ke sun Shuzhan Bai School of Energy and power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Automotive Research Institute China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co.Ltd.Jinan250061China

proton exchange membrane fuel cells are widely regarded as having the potential to replace internal combustion engines in *** fuel cells cannot recover energy and have a slow dynamic response,they need to be used with different power *** efficient energy management strategies to achieve excellent fuel economy is the goal of *** paper proposes an adaptive equivalent fuel minimum consumption strategy(AECMS)to solve the problem of the poor economy of the whole vehicle caused by the wrong selection of equivalent factors(EF)in traditional *** this method,the kinematics interval is used to update the equivalent factor by considering the penalty term of energy recovery on SOC ***,the optimized equivalent factor is substituted into the optimization objective function to achieve efficient energy *** results under the New European driving Cycle show that compared with the traditional ECMS based on fixed SOC benchmarks,the proposed method improves fuel economy by 1.7%while ensuring vehicle power and increases SOC by 30%.

关键词： Fuel cell pEMFC electric vehicle equivalent consumption minimization strategy

prestoring lithium into SnO_(2)coated 3d carbon fiber cloth framework as dendrite-free lithium metal anode

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particuology 2024年第1期84卷 89-97页

作者： Tao Wei Yanyan Zhou Cheng sun.lesheng liu Sijia Wang Mengting Wang Ye liu Qing Huang Quanchao Zhuang Yongfu Tang School of Energy and power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212003China College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China li-ion Batteries lab School of Materials Science and EngineeringChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouChina Hebei Key laboratory of Applied Chemistry School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China

For several decades,the promise of implementing of lithium(li)metal anodes has been regarded as the"holy grail"for li-based ***,we have proposed a facile design of a carbon fiber cloth(CFC)framework coated with SnO_(2)nanoparticles through a hydrothermal process,which served as a reliable host for prestoring molten li to produce a CFC@SnO_(2)@li composite ***,TEM,HRTEM,XpS and different electrochemical characterizations were carried *** to the synergetic effects of the 3d conductive CFC and the coated lithiophilic SnO_(2)nanoparticles,the designed CFC@SnO_(2)@li electrodes can buffer the volume changes and reduce the local current density,thus suppress the li dendrites during ***,the CFC@SnO_(2)electrodes showed a high and stable CE of 98.6%for 1000 cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm^(-2)(1 mAh cm^(-2)).What is more,at a high current density of 5 mA cm^(-2)and a high areal capacity of 5 mAh cm^(-2),the symmetric cell displayed relatively low overpotential and long cycling lifetime of 1600 *** results confirm its great potential as lithium metal anodes in practical battery applications.

关键词： lithiophilic lithium metal anodes SnO_(2) 3d anode dendrite-free

A Fluorine-Functionalized 3d Covalent Organic Framework with Entangled 2d layers

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1210-1216页

作者： li-Bang Xiao Zi-Han Wu Jun-Jie Xin Yuan-peng Cheng Bo Gui Jun-liang sun Cheng Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Constructing three dimensional(3d)covalent organic frameworks(COFs)through the entanglement of two dimensional(2d)nets is a promising but underdeveloped ***,we report the design and synthesis of a fluorine functionalized 3dCOF(3d-An-COF-F)formed by entangled 2d sql *** structure of 3d-An-COF-F was determined by the combination of continuous rotation electron diffraction technique and modelling based on the chemical information from real ***,compared to the isostructural 3d-An-COF without F atom s,3dAn-COF-F showed an improved CO_(2)sorption ability and higher CO_(2)/N_(2)*** study not only demonstrated the generality of constructing 3d COFs with entangled 2d nets by introducing bulky groups vertically in planar building blocks,but also will expand the diversity of 3d COFs for various applications.

关键词： 3d covalent organic frameworks Fluorine Entangled 2d layers Electron diffraction CO_(2)adsorption

Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel Jiménez-Herrera Ana Contreras Juan d.Navarro-lópez lydia Jiménez-díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

Constructing a 3d multichannel structure to enhance performance of Ni–Co–Mn hydroxide electrodes for flexible supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 148-163页

作者： Zhi-Hui Xu Shi-Shuai sun Xue-lei li Zhi-Hui Zhang Hai-Ying li Shuang-Ting Ruan Shou-Gen Yin Key laboratory of display Materials and photoelectric devices(Ministry of Education)and Tianjin Key laboratory for photoelectric Materials and devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China College of Science Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China School of Materials Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China

The balancing of the electrochemical performance,mechanical stability,and processing technology for applying supercapacitors to flexible and wearable electronics continues to encounter severe ***,we prepare Ni-Co-Mn hydroxide electrodes with a threedimensional multichannel structure via a simple hydrothermal *** are constructed using vertically contiguous nano sheets with a uniform thickness and rough *** electrodes can provide numerous electroactive sites and accelerate the transmission of electrolyte *** relationship between the structure and electrochemical performances is verified by experiments and theoretical ***-dimensional(2d)planar and one-dimensional(1d)fiber electrodes are prepared using a flexible carbon cloth(CC)and carbon fiber(CF),respectively,as *** assembled quasi-solid-state flexible asymmetric supercapacitor(FASC)with a twodimensional sandwich structure using NiCoMn-OH/CC as the electrode achieves a remarkable energy density of73.8 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of 1.03 kW·kg^(-1).The quasi-solid-state FASC with a 1d linear structure using NiCoMn-OH/CF as the electrode also attains a high energy density(12.9 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of0.75 W·kg^(-1)).Moreover,the electrochemical performances of the NiCoMn/CC//AC/CC and NiCoMn/CF//AC/CF FASCs are not disturbed at different bending angles(0°,45°,90°,135°and 180°),This indicates the superior flexibility of the *** also assemble a self-powered energy-harvesting storage system by integrating FASCs and commercial solar cells to verify its *** displays sustainable development potential for energy storage.

关键词： Supercapacitors Flexible Ni–Co–Mn hydroxide 3d multichannel structure High performances

Numerical study on the cavity dynamics for vertical water entries of twin spheres

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 459-472页

作者： Xu Wang Xujian lyu Ruisheng sun dongdong Tang School of Energy and power Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Shanghai Institute of Spacecraft Equipment Shanghai200240China

In this study, a three dimensional(3d) numerical model of six-degrees-of-freedom(6dOF) is applied to simulate the water entries of twin spheres side-by-side at different lateral distances and time *** turbulence structure is described using the shear-stress transport k-ω(SST k-ω) model, and the volume of fluid(VOF) method is used to track the complex air-liquid interface. The motion of spheres during water entry is simulated using an independent overset grid. The numerical model is verified by comparing the cavity evolution results from simulations and experiments. Numerical results reveal that the time interval between the twin water entries evidently affects cavity expansion and contraction behaviors in the radial direction. However, this influence is significantly weakened by increasing the lateral distance between the two spheres. In synchronous water entries, pressure is reduced on the midline of two cavities during surface closure, which is directly related to the cavity volume. The evolution of vortexes inside the two cavities is analyzed using a velocity vector field, which is affected by the lateral distance and time interval of water entries.

关键词： Twin water entries Side-by-side Cavity Numerical simulation

Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： poornima d.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Sohi Kang Joong-sun Kim sung-Ho Kim Hongbing Wang Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea department of physiology and Neuroscience program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA department of Veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,dpI)and chronic phase(28dpI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(dG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and dG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the dG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation

paper Analytical device for the Colourimetric detection of Alkaline phosphatase in Serum and Saliva

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第3期8卷 385-394页

作者： d.Alageswari A.lakshmidevi p.E.Resmi p.V.suneesh Aarathipradeep T.G.SatheeshBabu department of Chemistry Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biosensor Research lab Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biomedical Engineering Centre Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham

A paper analytical device (pAd) was developed for the colourimetric estimation of alkaline phosphatase (Alp). Alp catalyzes the hydrolysis of disodium phenyl phosphate (dSpp) to phenol, which then undergoes oxidative coupling with4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAp) producing a reddish brown-coloured quinone imine. The colourimetric reaction tested in solution has been translated onto a pAd for the point of care (poC) testing of Alp. A uniform colour was obtained in 25 min with the introduction of Alp onto the reagent drop cast paper device. The images obtained by scanning the pAd were processed using ImageJ software. The colour intensity obtained by image processing was proportional to the concentration of Alp present in the sample. Alp in serum and saliva samples were tested using the pAd in the range of 0 to 528 U/l and0 to 187 U/l, respectively. The interference studies revealed that the pAd was selective to Alp in the presence of other biomolecules. The pAd exhibited a limit of detection (lOd) of 3.3 U/l and a sensitivity of 48.36 a.u/log(U/l) for serum Alp and lOd of 1.69 U/l and a sensitivity of 28.5 a.u/log (U/l) for salivary Alp. The pAd showed good agreement with the clinical methods for real samples.

关键词： Alkaline phosphatase Colourimetry ImageJ paper analytical device point of care testing