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The Phytophthora nucleolar effector Pi23226 targets host ribosome biogenesis to induce necrotrophic cell death

Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 263-276页

作者： Soeui Lee Jaehwan kim Myung-Shin kim Cheol Woo Min sun Tae kim Sang-Bong Choi Joo Hyun Lee Doil Choi Plant Immunity Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Department of AgricultureForestry and BioresourcesCollege of Agriculture and Life ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Programs in Agricultural Genomics College of Agriculture and Life ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics Myongji UniversityYongin 449-728Republic of Korea

Pathogen effectors target diverse subcellular organelles to manipulate the plant immune *** the nucleolus has emerged as a stress marker and several effectors are localized in the nucleolus,the roles of nucleolar-targeted effectors remain *** this study,we showed that Phytophthora infestans infection of Nicotiana benthamiana results in nucleolar inflation during the transition from the biotrophic to the necrotrophic *** *** effectors were localized in the nucleolus:Pi23226 induced cell death in *** and nucleolar inflation similar to that observed in the necrotrophic stage of infection,whereas its homolog Pi23015 and a deletion mutant(Pi23226DC)did not induce cell death or affect nucleolar *** immunoprecipitation and individual-nucleotide-resolution UV crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis indicated that Pi23226 bound to the 30 end of 25S rRNA precursors,resulting in accumulation of unprocessed 27S *** nucleolar stress marker NAC082 was strongly upregulated under Pi23226-expressing ***23226 subsequently inhibited global protein translation in host cells by interacting with ***23226 enhanced *** pathogenicity,indicating that Pi23226-induced ribosome malfunction and cell death were beneficial for pathogenesis in the *** results provide evidence for the molecular mechanism underlying RNA-binding effector activity in host ribosome biogenesis and lead to new insights into the nucleolar action of effectors in pathogenesis.

关键词： Phytophthora infestans hemibiotroph nucleolar effector cell death ribosome biogenesis translation inhibition

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Blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 signaling promotes osteo-/odontogenic differentiation through Ras activation

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第2期14卷 164-173页

作者： So Mi Jeon Je sun Lim Su Hwan Park Hyung Joon kim Hyung-Ryong kim Jong-Ho Lee Department of Health Sciences The Graduate School of Dong-A UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea Department of Oral Physiology Periodontal Diseases Signaling Network Research CenterDental and Life Science InstituteSchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology College of DentistryJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Dong-A UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea

The programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)and its receptor programmed cell death 1(PD-1)deliver inhibitory signals to regulate immunological tolerance during immune-mediated ***,the role of PD-1 signaling and its blockade effect on human dental pulp stem cells(h DPSCs)differentiation into the osteo-/odontogenic lineage remain *** show here that PD-L1 expression,but not PD-1,is downregulated during osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of h ***,PD-L1/PD-1 signaling has been shown to negatively regulate the osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of h ***,depletion of either PD-L1 or PD-1 expression increased ERK and AKT phosphorylation levels through the upregulation of Ras enzyme activity,which plays a pivotal role during h DPSCs osteo-/odontogenic *** with nivolumab(a human anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody),which targets PD-1 to prevent PD-L1 binding,successfully enhanced osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of h DPSCs through enhanced Ras activity-mediated phosphorylation of ERK and *** findings underscore that downregulation of PD-L1 expression accompanies during osteo-/odontogenic differentiation,and h DPSCs-intrinsic PD-1 signaling inhibits osteo-/odontogenic *** findings provide a significant basis that PD-1 blockade could be effective immunotherapeutic strategies in h DPSCs-mediated dental pulp regeneration.

关键词： death finding monoclonal

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Rational Design of LDH/Zn_(2)SnO_(4) Heterostructures for Efficient Mineralization of Toluene Through Boosted Interfacial Charge Separation

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第1期6卷 317-324页

作者： Ben Lei Wen Cui Peng Chen Ruimin Chen Yanjuan sun Ki-Hyun kim Fan Dong Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University222 Wangsimni-RoSeoul 04763Korea State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low carbon and Environmental Materials(CDLCEM) School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

It is crucial to efficiently separate and transport photo-induced charge carriers for the effective implementation of photocatalysis toward environmental remediation.A rational design strategy is proposed to validate such proposition through the construction of an interfacial structure in the form of LDH/Zn_(2)SnO_(4) heterostructures in this *** interfacial charge transfer on LDH/Zn_(2)SnO_(4) is greatly promoted via the unique charge transfer pathway,as characterized by transient photocurrent responses,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum,and photoluminescence *** such,it contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and the activation of reactants for the mineralization of *** to the in situ DRIFTS spectra analysis,the accumulation of benzoic acid takes place possibly through the partial oxidation of the methyl group on toluene at the interface of the LDH/Zn 2 SnO 4 *** process can greatly promote the photocatalytic oxidation of toluene with the enhanced ring-opening *** LDH/Zn 2 SnO 4 is thus demonstrated as superior photocatalyst against toluene(removal efficiency of 89.5%;mineralization of 83.1%;and quantum efficiency of 4.55×10^(−6) molecules/photon).As such,the performance of this composite far exceeds that of their individual components(e.g.,P25,pure Mg-Al LDH,or Zn_(2)SnO_(4)).This study is expected to offer a new path to the interfacial charge transfer mechanism based on the design of highly efficient photocatalysts for air purification.

关键词： heterostructure interfacial charge transfer photocatalysis toluene degradation

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Discovery of Pb-free hybrid organic-inorganic 2D perovskites using a stepwise optimization strategy

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 776-787页

作者： Byung Do Lee Jin-Woong Lee Minseuk kim Woon Bae Park Kee-sun Sohn Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong University209 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul143-747South Korea Department of Advanced Components and Materials Engineering Sunchon National UniversityChonnam57922Republic of Korea

The current status of 2D organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites for use in photovoltaic(PV)and light-emitting diode(LED)applications lags far behind their 3D ***,we propose a computational strategy for discovering novel perovskites with as few computing resources as possible.A tandem optimization algorithm consisting of an elitism-reinforced nondominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-II)and a multiobjective Bayesian optimization(MOBO)algorithm was used for density functional theory(DFT)*** DFT-calculated band gap and effective mass were taken as objective functions to be optimized,and the constituent molecules and elements of a Ruddlesden–Popper(RP)structure(n=2)were taken as decision *** previously unknown RP perovskite candidates for PV and LED applications were discovered as a result of the NSGA-II/MOBO ***,more accurate DFT calculations based on the HSE06 exchange correlation functional and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)were conducted for the discovered 2D perovskites to ensure their validity.

关键词： sorting optimization perovskite

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Ethanol Extract of Lycopodium serratum Thunb. Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced C6 Glioma Cells Migration via Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第11期24卷 860-866页

作者： Ju-Yeon Park Hyuck kim Dong-Woo Lim Jai-Eun kim Won-Hwan Park sun-Dong Park Institute of Korean Medicine College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Department of Diagnostics College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Department of Pathology College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Department of Prescription College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University

Objectives： To elucidate how ethanol extract of L. serratum（ELS） could exert anti-migratory effects on glioma with the suppression of nuclear factor kappa B（NF-κB） downstream pathway. Methods： Cell viability of ELS on C6 glioma was detected by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay. Nitric oxide（NO） assay and 2＇,7＇-dichlorofluorescin diacetate（DCFH-DA） assay were applied to measure NO production and reactive oxygen species（ROS） generation on lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced C6 glioma cells. NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK）, inducible nictric oxide synthase（i NOS） and cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） protein were determined by Western blot. Wound healing assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of ELS on fetal bovine serum（FBS）-induced migration and matrix metalloproteinase（MMP）-9 and-2 activity was examined by zymography. Results： ELS suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase（ERK）, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK）, and p38 through inhibiting the expression of chemokine CCL2（or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1）. In addition, ELS inhibited the expression of i NOS, COX-2, and the production of NO by LPS in C6 glioma cells. ELS also significantly decreased serum-induced migration of C6 glioma cells in scratch wound healing in a dose-dependent manner（P〈0.01）. The activity of MMP-9 and-2 were also significantly attenuated by ELS with LPS treatment（P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that downregulation of MMP-9 gene expression might be involved in the anti-migration effect of ELS against LPS-induced C6 glioma cells.

关键词： Lycopodium serratum Thunb lipopolysaccharide matrix metalloproteinase migration C6 glioma cell

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Identification of Rice Accessions Associated with K+/Na+ Ratio and Salt Tolerance Based on Physiological and Molecular Responses

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Rice science 2017年第6期24卷 360-364页

作者： Inja Naga Bheema Lingeswara REDDY sung-Mi kim Beom-Ki kim In-sun YOON Taek-Ryoun KWON Genetic Engineering Division Department of Agricultural Biotechnology National Institute of Agricultural Sciences Rural Development Administration Jeonju 54874 South Korea

The key for rice plant survival under Na Cl salt stress is maintaining a high K^+/Na^+ ratio in its cells. Selection for salt tolerance rice genotypes based on phenotypic performance alone will delay in progress in breeding. Use of molecular markers in tandem with physiological studies will help in better identification of salt tolerant rice accessions. Eight rice accessions along with the check Dongjin were screened using 1/2 Yoshida solution with 50 mmol/L NaCl at the seedling stage. The accessions IT001158, IT246674, IT260533 and IT291341 were classified as salt tolerant based on their K^+/Na^+ ratios. Seventeen SSR markers reported to be associated with K^+/Na^+ ratio were used to screen the accessions. Five SSR markers(RM8053, RM345, RM318, RM253 and RM7075) could differentiate accessions classified based on their K^+/Na^+ ratios. Banding pattern of the accessions was scored compared to the banding pattern of Dongjin. The study differentiated accessions based on their association of K^+/Na^+ ratio with molecular markers which are very reliable. These markers can play a significant role in screening large set of rice germplasms for salt tolerance and also help in identification of high-yielding varieties with better salt tolerance. The salt tolerant accessions can be taken forward into developing better varieties by conventional breeding and exploring genes for salt tolerance.

关键词： rice salinity K+/Na+ ratio simple sequence repeat salt tolerance

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Laser-Induced Indium-Diffusion into Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film for Solar Cell Applications

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第12期29卷 185-187页

作者： kim Nam-Hoon MYUNG Kuk Do LEE Woo-sun Department of Electrical Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 501-759Republic of Korea

Laser-induced diffusion is employed to dope indium(In)into sputtering-deposited cadmium sulfide(CdS)thin *** increased optical band gap energy from 2.52 to 2.60 eV with maintenance of high optical transmittance about 60 nm in the 200-nm-thick films,the enhanced mobility over 42.5 cm^(2)/V·s,and the decreased resistivity to 1.42×10^(-3)Ω·cm are successfully obtained to be advantageous for a window layer in solar cells.

关键词： Diffusion resistivity sulfide

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Acute phlegmonous gastritis complicated by delayed perforation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3383-3387页

作者： sun Young Min Yong Ho kim Won Seo Park Department of Surgery Kyung Hee University School of Medicine Seoul 130-701 South Korea

Here, we report on a case of acute phlegmonous gastritis (PG) complicated by delayed perforation. A 51-year-old woman presented with severe abdominal pain and septic shock symptoms. A computed tomography scan showed diffuse thickening of the gastric wall and distention with peritoneal fluid. Although we did not find definite evidence of free air on the computed tomography (CT) scan, the patient’s clinical condition suggested diffuse peritonitis requiring surgical intervention. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a thickened gastric wall with suppurative intraperitoneal fluid in which Streptococcus pyogenes grew. There was no evidence of gastric or duodenal perforation. No further operation was performed at that time. The patient was conservatively treated with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitor, and her condition improved. However, she experienced abdominal and flank pain again on postoperative day 10. CT and esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a large gastric ulcer with perforation. Unfortunately, although the CT showed further improvement in the thickening of the stomach and the mucosal defect, the patient’s condition did not recover until a week later, and an esophagogastroduodenoscopy taken on postoperative day 30 showed suspected gastric submucosal dissection. We performed total gastrectomy as a second operation, and the patient recovered without major complications. A pathological examination revealed a multifocal ulceration and necrosis from the mucosa to the serosa with perforation.

关键词： Phlegmonous gastritis Gastric perforation Streptococcus pyogenes

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Congenital stapes suprastructure fixation presenting with fluctuating auditory symptoms:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第1期11卷 249-254页

作者： sun Choi Seok Hyun Park Ji Su kim Jiwon Chang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kangnam Sacred Heart HospitalHallym University College of MedicineSeoul 07441South Korea

BACKGROUND Stapes ankylosis is a rare cause of conductive hearing loss,and stapes suprastructure fixation is extremely rare with fewer than 30 reported *** usually visit the clinic with non-progressive conductive hearing loss that typically began in the early years of *** SUMMARY Herein,we report a case of a 37-year-old female with an isolated stapedial suprastructure *** patient presented with unusual fluctuating auditory symptoms of tinnitus,ear fullness and mixed hearing ***-operative temporal bone computed tomography findings and operative findings revealed an isolated stapedial suprastructure fixation with monopod stapes caused by elongated pyramidal *** hearing threshold recovered completely,and fluctuating auditory symptoms disappeared after the *** This is the first report of stapedial suprastructure fixation with fluctuating auditory *** results are expected with surgical treatment.

关键词： Isolated stapes ankylosis Stapes suprastructure fixation Elongated pyramidal eminence Stapes monopod Fluctuating auditory symptoms Exploratory tympanotomy Case report

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Beta Gyres in Global Analysis Fields

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第5期26卷 984-994页

作者： sun-Hee kim H. Joe KWON R. L. ELSBERRY Department of Atmospheric Sciences/Typhoon Research Center Kongju National University Department of Meteorology Naval Postgraduate School

A three-component decomposition is applied to global analysis data to show the existence of a beta gyre, which causes Tropical Cyclone （TC） to drift from a large-scale environmental steering current. Analyses from the Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System （GDAPS） of the Korea Meteorological Adminis- tration （KMA）, the Global Forecast System （GFS） of NCEP, and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System （NOGAPS） are used in this study. The structure of the beta gyre obtained in our analyses is in good agreement with the theoretical structure, with a cyclonic circulation to the southwest of the TC center, an anticyclonic circulation to the northeast, and a ventilation flow directed northwestward near the center. The circulation of the beta gyre is strongest at the 850-hPa level where the cyclonically swirling primary circulation is strongest, and decreases with height, in a pyramid shape similar to the primary circulation. The individual structure of the beta gyre is case- and model-dependent. At a certain analysis time, one model may clearly reveal a well-defined beta gyre, but the other models may not. Within one model, the beta gyre may be well defined at some analysis times, but not at other times. The structure of the beta gyre in the analysis field is determined by the nature of the vortex initialization scheme and the model behavior during the 6-h forecast in the operational data assimilation cycle.

关键词： tropical cyclone beta gyre GDAPS GFS NOGAPS TCM-90 final analyses

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