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Occult hepatitis B virus infection is not associated with disease progression of chronic hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9427-9436页

作者： Junhyeon cho Sang Soo Lee Yun Suk choi Yejoo Jeon Jung wha Chung Joo Yeong Baeg Won Keun Si Eun sun Jang Jin-Wook Kim Sook-Hyang Jeong Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine

AIM To clarify the prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection(OBI) and the association between OBI and liver disease progression, defined as development of liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), worsening of Child-Pugh class, or mortality in cases of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection. METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled 174 patients with chronic HCV infection(chronic hepatitis, n = 83; cirrhosis, n = 47; HCC, n = 44), and evaluated disease progression during a mean follow-up of 38.7 mo. OBI was defined as HBV DNA positivity in 2 or moredifferent viral genomic regions by nested polymerase chain reaction using 4 sets of primers in the S, C, P and X open reading frame of the HBV genome. RESULTS The overall OBI prevalence in chronic HCV patients at enrollment was 18.4%, with 16.9%, 25.5% and 13.6% in the chronic hepatitis C, liver cirrhosis and HCC groups, respectively(P = 0.845). During follow-up, 52 patients showed disease progression, which was independently associated with aspartate aminotransferase > 40 IU/L, Child-Pugh score and sustained virologic response(SVR), but not with OBI positivity. In 136 patients who were not in the SVR state during the study period, OBI positivity was associated with neither disease progression, nor HCC development. CONCLUSION The prevalence of OBI in chronic HCV patients was 18.4%, and OBI was not associated with disease progression in South Koreans.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Disease control Oncogenesis

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White matter changes in 80 mild cognitive impairment patients using magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第9期4卷 654-658页

作者： Hyun cho Jee-Hyun Kwon sun-Young Kim Department of Neurology Ulsan University Hospital

BACKGROUND： Many studies have suggested that one possible etiology of mild cognitive impairment is small vessel cerebrovascular disease, which is associated with small subcortical infarcts and white matter abnormalities. These white matter changes have been detected as white matter hyperintensity （WMH） using magnetic resonance imaging. WMH may be associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. OBJECTIVE： To examine white matter changes in mild cognitive impairment patients of different subtypes, and to evaluate the correlation between white matter changes and neuropsychological characteristics, demographic information, vascular risk factors, and mild cognitive impairment subtypes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neurophysiological, comparison study was performed at the Department of Neurology Memory Clinic, Ulsan University Hospital, South Korea, between March 2007 and March 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Out of a total of 83 subjects with clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment at the out-patient clinic, 3 subjects with severe WMH were excluded. A total of 80 subjects were included in this study. No patients suffered from cognitive impairment induced by neurological diseases, mental disorders, or somatic diseases. In accordance with magnetic resonance imaging results, the patients were assigned to two subtypes： 56 subjects without WMH and 24 subjects with WMH. METHODS： All patients were subjected to a standard neuropsychological battery using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, and comprehensive Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery. The Clinical Dementia Rating reflected general cognitive function of patients. Results from the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery reflected attention, language function, visuospatial function, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, long-term memory, and frontal/executive function. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to map changes in the brain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The association between va

关键词： mild cognitive impairment cerebrovascular disease white matter hyperintensity frontal/executive dysfunction

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Site-Specific Zonation of Seismic Site Effects by Optimization of the Expert GIS-Based Geotechnical Information System for Western Coastal Urban Areas in South Korea

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第1期10卷 117-133页

作者： Han-Saem Kim Chang-Guk sun Hyung-Ik cho Earthquake Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Geological Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Earthquake-induced disasters are often more severe over soft soils than over firm soils or rocks owing to the seismic site effects related to the amplification of ground motion. On a regional scale, such differences can be estimated by spatially predicting the subsurface soil thickness over the entire target area. Generally, soil deposits are deeper in coastal or riverside areas than in inland regions. In this study, the seismic site effects in the coastal metropolitan areas of Incheon and Bucheon, South Korea, were assessed to provide information on seismic hazards. Spatial prediction of geotechnical layers was performed for the entire study area within an advanced GIS framework. Approximately 7500 existing borehole records in the Incheon and Bucheon areas were gathered and archived into a GIS database. Surface geotechnical data were acquired from a walk-over survey. Based on the optimized geo-data, spatial zoning maps of site-specific seismic response parameters, based on multiscale geospatial modeling, were created and presented for use in a regional seismic mitigation strategy. Seismic zonation was also performed to determine site coefficients for seismic design over the entire target area and to compare them with each other. We verified that the geotechnical data based spatial zonation would be useful for seismic hazard mitigation.

关键词： Coastal urban areas Geodata Geostatistical spatial zonation Seismic site effects Site classification South Korea

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Construction of N-doped copper metal–organic frameworks for promoting photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction to ethylene

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Fan Guo Zong-Zheng He Peng Wang Xiao-Yu Zhang Hongjian Yu Qin-Chao Wang Wei-Yin sun School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Coordination Chemistry Institute State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University

Engineering nonmetallic atom-doped metal-organic framework （MOF） catalyst to promote C-C coupling and realize conversion of CO2into C2 multi-carbon hydrocarbon products is still ***,with 2-methylimidazole as a dopant of N element,an N-doped NH2-CuBDC catalyst was obtained via a facile and simple stirring *** illumination,compared with catalytic CO2reduction to C1 product of CO by original MOF,N-doped NH2-CuBDC can motivate generation of C2H4,which is difficult to achieve in photocatalytic system by MOF-based *** transfer rates of photo-generated charges have been expedited due to the high electron density around Cu catalytic sites after *** importantly,C–C coupling intermediate CO–cho*was identified by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy during the catalytic CO2reduction reaction process,which further indicates the presence of Cu–N sites in the NH2-CuBDC can facilitate the formation of *** work uncovers a new paradigm to design photocatalysts for enhancing the reduction of CO2to C2 products.

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Defect-rich spinel ferrites with improved charge collection properties for efficient solar water splitting

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第3期12卷 612-624页

作者： Runfa Tan Yoo Jae Jeong Qu Li Minje Kang In sun cho Department of Materials Science&Engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea

Spinel zinc ferrite(ZnFe_(2)O_(4),ZFO)is a potential photoanode material for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting because of its ideal bandgap(1.9–2.1 eV)and superior chemical stability in aqueous ***,the low charge collection efficiency significantly hinders the improvement in PEC ***,we report an ultrafast and effective flame activation route to enhance the charge collection properties of ***,high-temperature flame(>1300℃)facilitated surface and grain boundary diffusions,increasing the grain size and connectivity of the ZFO ***,the reducing atmosphere of the flame enabled the formation of surface defects(oxygen vacancy and Fe^(2+)),thereby increasing the charge carrier density and surface adsorption ***,these two factors promoted charge transport and transfer kinetics,resulting in a 10-fold increase in the photocurrent density over the unactivated ***,we deposited a thin Al_(2)O_(3)overlayer to passivate the ZFO surface and then the NiFeOx oxygen evolution catalyst(OEC)to expedite hole injection into the *** surface passivation and OEC deposition led to a remarkable photocurrent density of~1 mA/cm^(2)at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode,which is the highest value among all reported ZFO ***,the NiFeOx/Al_(2)O_(3)/F-ZFO photoanode achieved excellent photocurrent stability over 55 h(96%retention)and superior faradaic efficiency(FE>94%).Our flame activation method is also effective in improving the photocurrent densities of other spinel ferrites:CuFe_(2)O_(4)(93 times),MgFe_(2)O_(4)(16 times),and NiFe_(2)O_(4)(12 times).

关键词： spinel ferrites flame activation defect-rich surface charge collection photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting

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Cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2675-2678页

作者： Pyong wha choi Chul Nam Kim sun Hee Chang Woo Ik Chang Chang Young Kim Hyun Min choi Department of Surgery Ilsan Paik HospitalInje University College of Medicine Department of Diagnostic Pathology Ilsan Paik HospitalInje University College of Medicine Department of Chest Surgery Ilsan Paik HospitalInje University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Ilsan Paik HospitalInje University College of Medicine

The heart is an unusual site of metastasis from any malignancy. We report a case of cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer. A 70-year-old woman was referred with a presumptive diagnosis of sigmoid colon cancer with cardiac myxoma. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a 4 cm x 4.5 cm mobile mass on the lateral right atrial wall, and computed tomography revealed a low attenuated Iobulating mass in the right atrium. The patient underwent anterior resection for sigmoid colon cancer （T4N2）. Thereafter, she experienced progressive shortness of breath. Therefore, a cardiac operation was performed 2 wk after the colorectal operation. Histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma, which was identical to the primary lesion. Although two- dimensional echocardiography has become the diagnostic test of choice for detecting cardiac tumors, in patients with colorectal cancer showing a cardiac mass, further diagnostic evaluation such as a magnetic resonance imaging might be necessary.

关键词： Heart Cardiac metastasis Colorectalcancer Atrial myxoma Magnetic resonance imaging

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Multiphoton microscopy:An introduction to gastroenterologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第40期17卷 4456-4460页

作者： Hye Jin cho Hoon Jai Chun Eun sun Kim Bong Rae cho Institute of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine 136-705 Seoul South Korea Department of Chemistry Korea University 136-705 Seoul South Korea

Multiphoton microscopy, relying on the simultaneous absorption of two or more photons by a fluorophore, has come to occupy a prominent place in modern biomedical research with its ability to allow real-time observation of a single cell and molecules in intact tissues. Multiphoton microscopy exhibits nonlinear optical contrast properties, which can make it possible to provide an exceptionally large depth penetration with less phototoxicity. This system becomes more and more an inspiring tool for a non-invasive imaging system to realize "optical biopsy" and to examine the functions of living cells. In this review, we briefly present the physical principles and properties of multiphoton microscopy as well as the current applications in biological fields. In addition, we address what we see as the future potential of multiphoton microscopy for gastroenterologic research.

关键词： Multiphoton microscopy Optical biopsy Gastrointestinal disease

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Treatment and prognosis of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma based on SEER data analysis from 1973 to 2014

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第1期19卷 29-35页

作者： O Kyu Noh Soon sun Kim Min Jae Yang sun Gyo Lim Jae Chul Hwang Hyo Jung cho Jae Youn Cheong sung Won cho Department of Radiation Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Department of Biomedical Informatics Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Office of Biostatistics Ajou Research Institute for Innovative MedicineAjou University Medical CenterSuwonKorea Department of Gastroenterology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonKorea

Background: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEH) is a rare tumor of vascular origin with an unknown etiology, a low incidence, and a variable natural course. We evaluated the management and prognosis of HEH from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program and changes in treatment modalities of HEH over 30 years. Methods: From 1973 to 2014 in the SEER database, we selected patients diagnosed with HEH. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, patterns of management, and clinical outcomes of patients with HEH. Results: We identi ed 79 patients with HEH (median age: 54.0 years;male to female ratio: 1:2.6). The initial extent of disease was local in 22 (27.8%) patients, regional metastasis in 22 (27.8%), distant metas-tasis in 31 (39.2%) and unknown in 4 (5.1%). The median size of primary tumor was 3.85 cm (interquartile range, 2.50 7.93 cm). Among 74 patients with available management data, the most common manage-ment was no treatment (29/74, 39.2%), followed by chemotherapy only (22/74, 29.7%), liver resection-based (13/74, 17.6%), and transplantation-based therapy (6/74, 8.1%). The 5-year cancer-speci c survival rate was 57.8%. Patients who underwent surgical treatment had signi cantly higher survival than those who underwent non-surgical treatment (5-year survival;88% vs. 49%, P=0.019). Multivariate analysis revealed that surgical therapy was the only independent prognostic factor for survival (hazard ratio: 0.20, P=0.040). Conclusions: Resection or liver transplantation is worth considering for treatment of patients with HEH.

关键词： Hemangioendothelioma Epithelioid SEER program Liver transplantation Hepatectomy Liver neoplasms

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Targeted therapy in gastric cancer:Personalizing cancer treatment based on patient genome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 2042-2050页

作者： sun Min Lim Jae Yun Lim Jae Yong cho Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 135-720South Korea Department of Medical Oncology Gangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 135-720South Korea

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths *** cytotoxic chemotherapy has limited efficacy for metastatic gastric cancer,with an overall survival of approximately ten *** advances in high-throughput technologies have enabled the implementation of personalized cancer therapy for high-risk *** use of such high-throughput technologies,including microarray and next generation sequencing,have promoted the discovery of novel targets that offer new treatment strategies for patients lacking other therapeutic *** molecular pathways are currently under investigation as therapeutic targets in gastric cancer,including those related to the epidermal growth factor receptor family,the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor axis,and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKTmammalian target of rapamycin *** in molecular diagnostic tools further support the discovery of new molecular *** exist,however;not all patients can be tested for biomarkers,and numerous challenges hamper implementation of targeted therapy in clinical ***,the scale of tumor genomic profiling is rapidly outpacing our ability to appropriately synthesize all the information in order to optimally refine patient ***,clinicians must continue to educate themselves regarding new tools and frameworks,and to utilize multidisciplinary team science,comprised of oncologists,geneticists,pathologists,biologists and bioinformaticians,to successfully implement this genomic approach therapeutically.

关键词： Gastric cancer Targeted therapy Biomarker Microarray Sequencing

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High-index-contrast photonic structures:a versatile platform for photon manipulation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2617-2632页

作者： Young-Bin Kim Jin-Woo cho Yun-Jo Lee Dukkyu Bae sun-Kyung Kim Department of Applied Physics Kyung Hee UniversityYonginGyeonggido 17104Republic of Korea Hexa Solution Co. LtdSuwonGyeonggi-do 16229Republic of Korea

In optics,the refractive index of a material and its spatial distribution determine the characteristics of light ***,exploring both low-and high-index materials/structures is an important consideration in this *** cavities,which are defined as low-index bases,exhibit a variety of unusual or even unexplored optical characteristics and are used in numerous functionalities including diffraction gratings,localised optical antennas and low-loss *** this report,we discuss the fabrication of hollow cavities of various sizes(O.2-5μm in diameter)that are supported by conformal dielectric/metal shells,as well as their specific applications in the ultraviolet(photodetectors),visible(light-emitting diodes,solar cells and metalenses),near-infrared(thermophotovoltaics)and mid-infrared(radiative coolers)*** findings demonstrate that hollow cavities tailored to specific spectra and applications can serve as versatile optical platforms to address the limitations of current optoelectronic ***,hollow cavity embedded structures are highly elastic and can minimise the thermal stress caused by high *** such,future applications will likely include high-temperature devices such as thermophotovoltaics and concentrator photovoltaics.

关键词： versatile index ultraviolet

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