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Rational strategy for power doubling of monolithic multijunction III-V photovoltaics by accommodating attachable scattering waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2734-2744页

作者： Shin Hyung Lee Hyo Jin kim Jae-Hyun kim Gwang Yeol Park sun-Kyung kim sung-Min Lee School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center Korea Photonics Technology InstituteGwangju 61007Republic of Korea Department of Applied Physics Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

While waveguide-based light concentrators offer significant advantages,their application has not been considered an interesting option for assisting multijunction or other two-terminal tandem solar *** this study,we present a simple yet effective approach to enhancing the output power of transfer-printed multijunction InGaP/GaAs solar *** utilizing a simply combinable waveguide concentrator featuring a coplanar waveguide with BaSO4 Mie scattering elements,we enable the simultaneous absorption of directly illuminated solar flux and indirectly waveguided *** deployment of cells is optimized for front-surface photon collection in monofacial *** systematic comparisons across various waveguide parameters,supported by both experimental and theoretical quantifications,we demonstrate a remarkable improvement in the maximum output power of a 26%-efficient cell,achieving an enhancement of~93%with the integration of the optimal scattering ***,a series of supplementary tests are conducted to explore the effective waveguide size,validate enhancements in arrayed cell module performance,and assess the drawbacks associated with rear *** findings provide a comprehensive understanding of our proposed approach towards advancing multi-junction photovoltaics.

关键词： waveguide scattering power

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Anti-neuro-inflammatory effects of Nardostachys chinensis in lipopolysaccharide-and lipoteichoic acid-stimulated microglial cells

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第5期14卷 343-353页

作者： sun Young Park Young Hun kim Geuntae Park Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute Pusan National University Department of Nanomaterials Engineering Pusan National University

Excessive microglial cell activation is related to the progression of chronic neuro-inflammatory disorders. Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) expression mediated by the NFE2-related factor(Nrf-2) pathway is a key regulator of neuro-inflammation. Nardostachys chinensis is used as an anti-malarial, anti-nociceptive, and neurotrophic treatment in traditional Asian medicines. In the present study, we examined the effects of an ethyl acetate extract of N. chinensis(EN) on the anti-neuro-inflammatory effects mediated by HO-1 up-regulation in Salmonella lipopolysaccharide(LPS)- or Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid(LTA)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Our results indicated that EN suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine production and induced HO-1 transcription and translation through Nrf-2/antioxidant response element(ARE) signaling. EN markedly inhibited LPS- and LTA-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-?B) as well as phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT). Furthermore, EN protected hippocampal HT22 cells from indirect neuronal toxicity mediated by LPS- and LTA-treated microglial cells. These results suggested that EN impairs LPS- and LTA-induced neuro-inflammatory responses in microglial cells and confers protection against indirect neuronal damage to HT22 cells. In conclusion, our findings indicate that EN could be used as a natural anti-neuro-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent.

关键词： Nardostachys chinensis Anti-inflammation Lipopolysaccharide Lipoteichoic acid Heme oxygenase-1

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Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a novel PDE5 inhibitor,SK-3530,in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第8期28卷 1247-1253页

作者： Hye-hyun YOO Nam-sun kim Guang-jin Im Dong-hyun kim Bioanalysis and Biotransformation Research Center Korea Institute of Science & Technology Seoul 136-791Korea Life Science RD Center SK ChemicalsGyeonggi-do 440-300Korea

Aim:To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile and tissue distribution of a novelphosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor,5-ethyl-2-{5-[4-（2-hydroxy-ethyl）-piperazine-1-sulfonyl]-2-propoxy-phenyl}-7-propyl-3,5-dihydro-pyrrolo（3,2-d）pyrimidin-4-one（SK-3530）,in rats after administration of the14C-labeled ***:The pharmacokinetic parameters of SK-3530 were measured based on the totalradioactivity and parent SK-3530 concentration in rat plasma after intravenousand oral *** tissue distribution of total radioactivity after a singleoral administration of[14C]SK-3530 at a dose of 40 mg/kg was *** protein binding rates of SK-3530 were assessed by in vitro and ex ***:The total radioactivity profiles showed linear *** maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve of the parent SK3530were 10%-20% compared to those of the total *** the oral admin-istration of[14C]SK-3530,the radioactivity was widely distributed in all tissues,and the tissue/plasma ratio of the radioactivity 1 h after administration was calcu-lated as 0.5-2.6 with the exception of excretory organs.A relatively high penetra-tion was shown in the adrenal glands,liver,and *** vitro and ex vivo plasmaprotein binding assay by ultrafiltration showed a considerably high binding rateof more than 97%.Conclusion:SK-3530 was relatively well absorbed in the gas-trointestinal tract and showed linear pharmacokinetics over the investigated ***-3530 had low oral bioavailability due to a high,first-pass metabolism.

关键词： SK-3530 PDE5 inhibitor pharmacokinetics tissue distribution rats

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Leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression in colorectal adenoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第6期18卷 557-562页

作者： Hyung Hun kim You sun kim Yun Kyung Kang Jeong Seop Moon Department of Internal Medicine Seoul Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoul 100-032South Korea Department of Pathology Seoul Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoul 100-032South Korea Hyung Hun Kim Department of Internal Medicine Kosin University College of MedicineBusan 602-702South Korea

AIM： To investigate the expressions of leptin and per- oxisome proliferator-activated receptor y （PPARG） in relation to body mass index （BMI）. METHODS： We evaluated leptin and PPARG expres- sion in 30 adenomas over 1 cm in size by immunohisto- chemical staining. In addition, clinicopathologic features including BMI were assessed. RESULTS： PPARG and leptin expression showed a strong positive correlation （P = 0.035）. The average BMI of the leptin-positive group was higher than that of the leptin-negative group （25.4 ＋ 3.4 kg/m2 vs 22.6 ＋ 2.4 kg/m2, P = 0.018）, and leptin expression was sig- nificantly correlated with high BMI （P = 0.024）. Leptinexpression was more frequently observed in intermedi- ate/high grade dysplasia than in low grade dysplasia （P = 0.030）. However, PPARG expression was not cor- related with BMI and grade of dysplasia. CONCLUSION： BMI has influenced on the leptin ex- pression of colorectal adenoma. The exact mechanism underlies the strong correlation between leptin and PPARG expression needs further study.

关键词： Leptin Peroxisome proliferator-activated re-ceptor y Obesity Body mass index Colorectal adenoma

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Estimation of deformed laser heat sources and thermal analysis on laser assisted turning of square member

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第2期19卷 402-407页

作者： kim Jae-hyun kim Kwang-sun CHOI Jun-young LEE Choon-man Department of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering Changwon National University

Laser assisted machining （LAM） has difficulties in estimating temperature after applying a LAM process due to its very small heat input area, large energy and movement. In particular, in the case of laser assisted turning （LAT） process, it is more difficult to estimate the temperature after preheating because it has a shape of ellipse when a laser heat source is rotated. A prediction method and thermal analysis method for heat source shapes were proposed as a square shaped member was preheated. The temperature distribution was calculated according to the rotation of the member. Compared with the results of the former study, the maximum temperature of the calculation results, 1 407.1 ℃, is 8.5 ℃ higher than that of the square member, which is 1 398.6 ℃. In a LAT process for a square member, the maximum temperature is 1 850.8 ℃. It is recognized that a laser power control process is required because square members show a maximum temperature that exceeds a melting temperature at around a vertex of the member according to the rotation.

关键词： laser assisted machining laser assisted turning laser preheating laser power control

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Dietary inclusion of multispecies probiotics to reduce the severity of post-weaning diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli F18+ in pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 326-333页

作者： Yawang sun Marcos E.Duarte sung Woo kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695United States

This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of multispecies probiotics in reducing the severity of post-weaning diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)F18+on newly weaned ***-two pigs(16 barrows and 16 gilts,BW=6.99±0.33 kg)at 21 d of age were individually allotted in a randomized complete block design with 2×2 factorial arrangement of *** were selected from sows not infected previously and not vaccinated against *** were fed experimental diets for 25 d based on 10 d phase 1 and 15 d phase *** factors were ETEC challenge(oral inoculation of saline solution or *** F18+at 2×109 CFU)and probiotics(none or multispecies probiotics 0.15%and 0.10%for phase 1 and 2,respectively).Body weight and feed intake were measured on d 5,9,13,19,and *** scores were measured *** samples were taken on d 19 and *** d 25,all pigs were euthanized to obtain samples of digesta,intestinal tissues,and *** tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα),malondialdehyde(MDA),peptide YY(PYY),and neuropeptide Y(NPY)were measured in serum and intestinal *** were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of *** fecal score of pigs was increased(P<0.05)by ETEC challenge at the post-challenge *** ETEC challenge decreased(P<0.05)jejunal villus height and crypt depth,tended to increase(P=0.056)jejunal TNFα,increased(P<0.05)ileal crypt depth,and decreased(P<0.05)serum *** probiotics decreased(P<0.05)serum TNFα,tended to reduce(P=0.064)jejunal MDA,tended to increase(P=0.092)serum PYY,and increased(P<0.05)jejunal villus height,and especially villus height-to-crypt depth ratio in challenged *** performance of pigs were not affected by ETEC challenge,whereas the probiotics increased(P<0.05)ADG and ADFI and tended to increase(P-0.069)G:F *** conclusion,ETEC F18+challenge caused diarrhea,intestinal inflammation and morphological damages without affecting the growth *** multispecies probiotics enhanced growth pe

关键词： Escherichia coli Growth performance Gut health Nursery pig Post-weaning diarrhea Probiotic

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Exports to China and Local Employment in South Korea

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China & World Economy 2022年第2期30卷 197-214页

作者： Jiyoung kim sun Go School of Northeast Asian Studies Incheon National UniversitySouth Korea. School of Economics Chung-Ang UniversitySouth Korea.

We estimate the effect of exports to China on local employment in South Korea,exploiting variations in trade and employment across 220 South Korean municipalities between 2007 and *** identify the effect of exports on employment,we use a novel instrument:China's exports to the *** isolates the demand-side factors for South Korean exports to China from the supply-side factors that lead to biased estimations using ordinary least squares *** results of a two-stage least squares estimation using municipality-level data confirm that increased exports to China contribute to a rise in employment in South Korean local labor *** effect occurs mostly in the service and construction industries rather than in the manufacturing sector.

关键词： export to China local employment intermediate goods international trade service industry

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Preparation of MnO2-impregnated carbon-coated Fe3O4 nanocomposites and their application for bovine serum albumin adsorption

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Rare Metals 2020年第10期39卷 1151-1158页

作者： Chol-Hwan kim Ze-Fei Zhang Lin-Shan Wang Ting sun College of Sciences Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China

MnO2-impregnated carbon-coated Fe3 O4(Fe3O4/C/MnO2)nanocomposites with a good core-shell structure were prepared by direct oxidation of carbon-coated Fe3 O4(Fe3O4/C)microspheres with KMnO4 in alkaline solution and applied to adsorb bovine serum albumin(BSA).X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM),Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)tests show that Fe3O4/C microspheres were newly functionalized via the oxidation by ***3O4/C/MnO2 nanocomposites exhibit a higher adsorption capacity for BSA than Fe3O4/C microspheres and the maximum adsorption of BSA on them occurs at pH 4.7,which is the isoelectric point of *** isotherm model describes the adsorption of BSA better than Freundlich model and Temkin model,and the kinetics data fit well with the pseudo-second-order model.

关键词： Fe3O4/C/MnO2 nanocomposites Bovine serum albumin Adsorption

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PIF1 Regulates Plastid Development by Repressing Photosynthetic Genes in the Endodermis

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Molecular Plant 2016年第10期9卷 1415-1427页

作者： Keunhwa kim Jinkil Jeong Jeongheon kim Nayoung Lee Mi Eon kim Sangil Lee sun Chang kim Giltsu Choi Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea Center for Gas Analysis Division of Metrology for Quality of Life Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) Daejeon 305-340 Republic of Korea

Mutations in Phytochrome Interacting Factors （PIFs） induce a conversion of the endodermal amyloplasts necessary for gravity sensing to plastids with developed thylakoids accompanied by abnormal activation of photosynthetic genes in the dark. In this study, we investigated how PIFs regulate endodermal plastid development by performing comparative transcriptome analysis. We show that both endodermal expression of PIF1 and global expression of the PIF quartet induce transcriptional changes in genes enriched for nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes such as LHCA and LHCB. Among the 94 shared differentially expressed genes identified from the comparative transcriptome analysis, only 14 genes are demonstrated to be direct targets of PIF1, and most photosynthetic genes are not. Using a co-expression analysis, we identified a direct target of PIF, whose expression pattern shows a strong negative correlation with many photo- synthetic genes. We have named this gene REPRESSOR OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC GENES1 （RPGE1）. Endodermal expression of RPGE1 rescued the elevated expression of photosynthetic genes found in the pff quadruple （pifQ） mutant and partly restored amyloplast development and hypocotyl negative gravitropism. Taken together, our results indicate that RPGE1 acts downstream of PIF1 in the endodermis to repress photosynthetic genes and regulate plastid development.

关键词： phytochrome PIF1 hypocotyl negative gravitropism photosynthetic gene

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Clinical significance of the leptin and leptin receptor expressions in prostate tissues

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第6期10卷 923-928页

作者： Jung Hoon kim Shin Young Lee Soon Chul Myung Young sun kim Tae-Hyoung kim Mi Kyung kim Departments of Urology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seoul 140-757 Korea Departments of Pathology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seoul 140-757 Korea

Aim： To evaluate the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and prostate cancer （PCa）, and to investigate whether they are associated with the development and progression of PCa. Methods： hnmunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in BPH and PCa. PCa was divided into three groups： localized PCa, locally advanced PCa and metastatic PCa. The positive staining was identified and the percentage of the positive staining was graded. We also assessed the relationship between both the Gleason score and body mass index （BMI） and PCa. Results： The percentage of the leptin expression in PCa was significantly higher than that in BPH （P 〈 0.01）. For the PCa group, the expressed levels of leptin showed a considerable correlation with localized PCa and metastatic PCa （P 〈 0.05）. Leptin receptor, however, did not reveal a definite difference between BPH and PCa. The expression of leptin indicated a significant difference between well-differentiated PCa （Gleason score ≤6） and poorly differentiated PCa （Gleason score 8-10）（P 〈 0.05）. The relation between the leptin expression level in PCa and the BMI was not remarkable （P = 0.447）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that leptin might have a promoting effect on the carcinogenesis and progression of PCa.

关键词： leptin leptin receptor prostatic neoplasms

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