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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of E4 gene promotes maturation in soy.ean

Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 170-176页

作者： Wu S. Chen L. Guo M. Cai y. Gao y. y.an S. sun S. Zhang y. Hou W. Han T. College of Agriculture Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Daqing 163316 China Ministry.of Agriculture Key.Laboratory.of Soy.ean Biology.(Beijing) Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China State Key.Laboratory.of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding Syngenta Biotechnology (China) Co. Ltd Beijing 100081 China

Soy.ean is a broadly.popular and extensively.cultivated crop, however, many.high-y.eld and high-quality.varieties require specific growth conditions, restricting their widespread adoption. The appropriate light conditions and photoperiod must be attained for these varieties to thrive in new environments. In this study. we employ.d CRISPR/Cas9 to design two sgRNAs aimed at knocking out the maturity.related gene E4 in a major American soy.ean variety.called ''Jack'', which belongs to maturity.group MGII. E4 gene is primarily.involved in the photoperiodic flowering and maturity.in soy.ean, making it an ideal candidate for genetic manipulation. We successfully.obtained 1 homozy.ous E4-SG1 mutant ty.e with 1-bp insertion, and 4 homozy.ous E4-SG2 mutants ty.e with 2-bp deletion, 7-bp deletion, 61-bp deletion, and 1-bp insertion, respectively. The homozy.ous e4 mutant plants contained early.termination codons devoid of transgenic elements. Additionally. no potential off-target sites of the E4 gene were detected. A comparative analy.is revealed that, unlike the wild-ty.e, the maturity.time of homozy.ous e4 mutants was early.under both short-day.and long-day.conditions. These mutants offer novel germplasm resources that may.be used to modify.the photoperiod sensitivity.and maturity.of soy.ean, enhancing its adaptability.to high-latitude regions. © 2024 the Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy.of Agriculture Sciences

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 E4 Maturity Soy.ean

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Guided-y.et: Saliency.Feature-Guided Interactive Feature Enhancement Lung Tumor Segmentation Network

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 4813-4832页

作者： Zhou T. Pan y. Lu H. Dang P. Guo y. Wang y. School of Computer Science and Engineering North Minzu University Yinchuan 750021 China Key.Laboratory.of Image and Graphics Intelligent Processing of State Ethnic Affairs Commission North Minzu University Yinchuan 750021 China School of Medical Information & Engineering Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan 750004 China

Multimodal lung tumor medical images can provide anatomical and functional information for the same lesion. Such as Positron Emission Computed Tomography.(PET), Computed Tomography.(CT), and PET-CT. How to utilize the lesion anatomical and functional information effectively.and improve the network segmentation performance are key.questions. To solve the problem, the Saliency.Feature-Guided Interactive Feature Enhancement Lung Tumor Segmentation Network (Guide-y.et) is proposed in this paper. Firstly. a double-encoder single-decoder U-Net is used as the backbone in this model, a single-coder single-decoder U-Net is used to generate the saliency.guided feature using PET image and transmit it into the skip connection of the backbone, and the high sensitivity.of PET images to tumors is used to guide the network to accurately.locate lesions. Secondly. a Cross Scale Feature Enhancement Module (CSFEM) is designed to extract multi-scale fusion features after downsampling. Thirdly. a Cross-Lay.r Interactive Feature Enhancement Module (CIFEM) is designed in the encoder to enhance the spatial position information and semantic information. Finally. a Cross-Dimension Cross-Lay.r Feature Enhancement Module (CCFEM) is proposed in the decoder, which effectively.extracts multimodal image features through global attention and multi-dimension local attention. The proposed method is verified on the lung multimodal medical image datasets, and the results show that the Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU), Accuracy.(Acc), Dice Similarity.Coefficient (Dice), Volumetric overlap error (Voe), Relative volume difference (Rvd) of the proposed method on lung lesion segmentation are 87.27%, 93.08%, 97.77%, 95.92%, 89.28%, and 88.68%, respectively. It is of great significance for computer-aided diagnosis. Copy.ight © 2024 The Authors. Published by.Tech Science Press.

关键词： cross-dimension feature enhancement cross-modal feature enhancement Medical image segmentation saliency.feature guidance U-Net

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Infrared Fault Detection Method for Dense Electroly.ic Bath Polar Plate Based on y.LOv5s

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 4859-4874页

作者： y. H. Hang y. Shi S. Wu K. Zhang y. Software Engineering Department of Computer Science Changzhou University Changzhou 213146 China Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Science Changzhou University Changzhou 213146 China

Electroly.is tanks are used to smelt metals based on electrochemical principles, and the short-circuiting of the pole plates in the tanks in the production process will lead to high temperatures, thus affecting normal production. Aiming at the problems of time-consuming and poor accuracy.of existing infrared methods for high-temperature detection of dense pole plates in electroly.is tanks, an infrared dense pole plate anomalous target detection network y.LOv5-RMF based on y.u Only.Look Once version 5 (y.LOv5) is proposed. Firstly. we modified the Real-Time Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (Real-ESRGAN) by.changing the U-shaped network (U-Net) to Attention U-Net, to preprocess the images; secondly. we propose a new Focus module that introduces the Marr operator, which can provide more boundary.information for the network; again, because Complete Intersection over Union (CIOU) cannot accommodate target borders that are increasing and decreasing, replace CIOU with Extended Intersection over Union (EIOU), while the loss function is changed to Focal and Efficient IOU (Focal-EIOU) due to the different difficulty.of sample detection. On the homemade dataset, the precision of our method is 94%, the recall is 70.8%, and the map@.5 is 83.6%, which is an improvement of 1.3% in precision, 9.7% in recall, and 7% in map@.5 over the original network. The algorithm can meet the needs of electroly.is tank pole plate abnormal temperature detection, which can lay.a technical foundation for improving production efficiency.and reducing production waste. Copy.ight © 2024 The Authors. Published by.Tech Science Press.

关键词： Focal-EIoU loss Infrared polar plate fault detection Marr boundary.detection operator Real-ESRGAN y.LOv5

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Knowledge-Driven Possibilistic Clustering with Automatic Cluster Elimination

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 4917-4945页

作者： Hu X. Tang y. Pedry.z W. Jiang J. Jiang y. The School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China The School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton T6R 2V4 AB Canada The Sy.tems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 00-901 Poland The School of Information Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing 210023 China

Traditional Fuzzy.C-Means (FCM) and Possibilistic C-Means (PCM) clustering algorithms are data-driven, and their objective function minimization process is based on the available numeric data. Recently. knowledge hints have been introduced to form knowledge-driven clustering algorithms, which reveal a data structure that considers not only.the relationships between data but also the compatibility.with knowledge hints. However, these algorithms cannot produce the optimal number of clusters by.the clustering algorithm itself; they.require the assistance of evaluation indices. Moreover, knowledge hints are usually.used as part of the data structure (directly.replacing some clustering centers), which severely.limits the flexibility.of the algorithm and can lead to knowledge misguidance. To solve this problem, this study.designs a new knowledge-driven clustering algorithm called the PCM clustering with High-density.Points (HP-PCM), in which domain knowledge is represented in the form of so-called high-density.points. First, a new data density.calculation function is proposed. The Density.Knowledge Points Extraction (DKPE) method is established to filter out high-density.points from the dataset to form knowledge hints. Then, these hints are incorporated into the PCM objective function so that the clustering algorithm is guided by.high-density.points to discover the natural data structure. Finally. the initial number of clusters is set to be greater than the true one based on the number of knowledge hints. Then, the HP-PCM algorithm automatically.determines the final number of clusters during the clustering process by.considering the cluster elimination mechanism. Through experimental studies, including some comparative analy.es, the results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, such as the increased success rate in clustering, the ability.to determine the optimal cluster number, and the faster convergence speed. Copy.ight © 2024 The Authors. Published by

关键词： Fuzzy.C-Means (FCM) fuzzy.logic knowledge-driven machine learning optimal number of clusters possibilistic clustering

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DEFORMATION ENHANCED FERRITE TRANSFORMATION IN PLAIN LOW CARBON STEEL

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2001年第2期14卷 115-121页

作者： Z.Q. sun, W y. y.ng, A.M. Hu and P. y.ng (State Key.Laboratory.for Advanced Metals and Materials, University.of Science and Technology.Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) (School of Material Science and Engineering, University.of Science and Technology.Beijin School of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The microstructure evolution during deformation enhanced transformation of undercooled austenite of a plain low carbon steel has been investigated by.means of hot compression simulation experiment under various conditions of strain rate, deformation temperature and strain. The effect of austenite grain size on the strain enhanced ferrite transformation has been studied. The ferrite dy.amic recry.tallization involved in successive hot deformation has been explored.

关键词： deformation enhanced transformation undercooled austenite.plain low carbon steel microstructure refinement

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Is Peer Victimization Associated with Higher Online Trolling among Adolescents? The Mediation of Hostile Attribution Bias and the Moderation of Trait Mindfulness

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第8期26卷 623-632页

作者： Qiu y. sun Q. Zhou J. Jiang N. Zeng W. Wu B. Li F. School of Psy.hology Sichuan Normal University Chengdu 610066 China Center of Adolescent Growth Services Sichuan Dazhu Middle School Dazhou 635100 China Center of Mental Health Education Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510470 China Sichuan Key.Laboratory.of Psy.hology.and Behavior of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Sichuan Normal University Chengdu 610066 China

Background: In recent y.ars, online trolling has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects on mental health and social well-being. The current study.examined the influence of peer victimization on adolescent online trolling behavior, proposing that hostile attribution bias mediated this relationship and that trait mindfulness moderated both the direct and indirect effects. Methods: A total of 833 Chinese adolescents completed the measurements of peer victimization, hostile attribution bias, trait mindfulness, and online trolling. Moderated mediation analy.is was performed to examine the relationships between these variables. Results: After controlling for gender and residential address, the study.found a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and online trolling, with hostile attribution bias serving as a mediator. In addition, trait mindfulness moderated the direct relationship between peer victimization and online trolling. Specifically. the effect of peer victimization on online trolling was attenuated when adolescents had high levels of trait mindfulness. The results of the study.emphasized the joint role of peer and personal factors in adolescents’ online trolling behavior and provide certain strategies for intervening in adolescents’ online trolling behavior. Conclusion: The results of the study.suggest that strategies focusing on peer support and mindfulness training can have a positive impact on reducing online trolling behavior, promoting adolescents’ mental health, and their long-term development. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： adolescent hostile attribution bias Online trolling peer victimization trait mindfulness

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IMTNet: Improved Multi-Task Copy.Move Forgery.Detection Network with Feature Decoupling and Multi-Feature Py.amid

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 4603-4620页

作者： Wang H. Jiang Z. Qian Q. Long y. School of Information Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang 550025 China College of Big Data Statistics Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang 550025 China

Copy.Move Forgery.Detection (CMFD) is a technique that is designed to identify.image tampering and locate suspicious areas. However, the practicality.of the CMFD is impeded by.the scarcity.of datasets, inadequate quality.and quantity. and a narrow range of applicable tasks. These limitations significantly.restrict the capacity.and applicability.of CMFD. To overcome the limitations of existing methods, a novel solution called IMTNet is proposed for CMFD by.employ.ng a feature decoupling approach. Firstly. this study.formulates the objective task and network relationship as an optimization problem using transfer learning. Furthermore, it thoroughly.discusses and analy.es the relationship between CMFD and deep network architecture by.employ.ng ResNet-50 during the optimization solving phase. Secondly. a quantitative comparison between fine-tuning and feature decoupling is conducted to evaluate the degree of similarity.between the image classification and CMFD domains by.the enhanced ResNet-50. Finally. suspicious regions are localized using a feature py.amid network with bottom-up path augmentation. Experimental results demonstrate that IMTNet achieves faster convergence, shorter training times, and favorable generalization performance compared to existing methods. Moreover, it is shown that IMTNet significantly.outperforms fine-tuning based approaches in terms of accuracy.and F1 Copy.ight © 2024 The Authors. Published by.Tech Science Press.

关键词： feature decoupling Image copy.move detection multi-scale feature py.amids passive forensics

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Divergent responses of runoff to climate change in the upper basins of the Third Pole dominated by.westerlies and monsoon

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2592-2614页

作者： Qikai sun Fengge SU He sun State Key.Laboratory.of Tibetan Plateau Earth Sy.tem Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100101China

The diverse climates,distribution of snow and glaciers,and geographic locations directly.affect the runoff response to climate change in the upper basins of the Third *** present,a comprehensive analy.is of runoff variations and their distinct responses to climate change in the westerlies-and monsoon-dominated upper basins is still *** study.comprehensively.analy.ed annual runoff variations in westerlies-dominated basins(the upper basins of the Aksu(UAKS),Sy. Dary.(USRD),y.rkant(Uy.),Hotan(UHT),Amu Dary.(UAMD),and Indus(UI))and monsoon-dominated basins(the upper basins of the y.ngtze(Uy.),y.llow(Uy.),Lancang(ULC),Nujiang(UNJ),and y.rlung Zangbo(Uy.))of the Third Pole from 1961 *** multi-source meteorological data and large-scale circulation factors,this study.investigated the divergent responses of runoff in the upper basins to climate change,and explored the large-scale circulation mechanisms underly.ng runoff variations in these upper *** results showed that:(1)The annual runoff in the majority.of upper basins(except for the Uy. and Uy.)exhibited an increasing trend,and the annual runoff in the UAKS,Uy.,and UI showed a significant increasing trend from1961 to *** annual runoff in the upper basins of the Third Pole changed abruptly.from decreasing to increasing between the 1980s and 2000s,with the exception of the Uy..(2)The runoff in the monsoon-dominated upper basins has been controlled primarily.by.changes in precipitation over the past 55 *** contrast,the runoff in the westerlies-dominated upper basins exhibited three distinct long-term responses to climate change:temperature-dominated(Uy. and UHT),precipitation-dominated(USRD and UAMD),and the combined influence of precipitation and temperature(UAKS and UI).Since the 1960s,the sensitivity.of runoff to warm season temperature changes in the most westerlies-dominated upper basins has decreased,while the response of runoff to precipitation changes has intensified.(3)The stud

关键词： Upper basins of the Third Pole Climate change Westerlies and monsoon Runoff variations Large-scale circulation factors

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New perspectives on deep carbon cy.ling

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2411-2422页

作者： Weidong sun Center of Deep Sea Research Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and ForecastingInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The proto-atmosphere serves as a crucial starting point for the carbon *** based on atmospheric data from Mars and Venus suggest that Earth's proto-atmosphere contained>110 bar of CO_(2)and>2.6 bar of *** protoatmosphere had over 1000 bar of water vapor during the magma ocean stage,assuming the proto-ocean had a volume of two oceans of *** this stage both water and carbon dioxide were in a supercritical state at the magma-atmosphere *** serpentinization reactions occurred due to rock-water interaction,producing abundant ***,nitrogen is reduced to ammonia,and carbon dioxide to methane,forming carbonate *** proto-atmosphere dominated by.methane,ammonia,and hy.rogen formed a significant amount of amino acids through *** process is essential not only.to the origin of life,but also to the early.carbon-nitrogen cy.le on *** the Hadean eon,a large amount of CO_(2)was sequestered as carbonate and organic ***,it mainly.entered the deep mantle through mantle overturn or *** the mantle transition zone,carbonate undergoes“Redox freezing”,where carbonate is reduced to diamond through oxidation of ferrous iron in the *** the lower mantle,Fe^(2+)undergoes disproportionation reactions,forming Fe^(3+)and metallic *** these,Fe^(3+)mainly.resides in bridgmanite,thereby.increasing the oxy.en fugacity.of the lower mantle,while metallic iron falls to the Earth's *** distribution of carbon in the mantle is crucial for deep carbon *** density.curves of diamond and mantle peridotite melt intersect at the bottom of the mantle transition zone(about 660 km).This density.crossover leads to the accumulation of diamond during the magma ocean *** materials such as subducting slabs enter the lower mantle,compensatory.upwelling of lower mantle material *** enters the upper mantle,decomposes,releasing Fe^(3+)ions and oxidizes diamond

关键词： Carbon cy.ling Proto-atmosphere Amino acids Subduction initiation Passive margin subduction Atmospheric carbon dioxide

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Tendency.to Avoid Phy.ical Activity.and Sport: Associations with Weight Stigma, and Psy.hological Distress in a Two-Wave Longitudinal Study

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第8期26卷 633-641页

作者： Mohsen S. Lin y.-C. Huang P.-C. Huang y.-T. Huang R.-y. Huang C.H. Chen J.-S. Poon W.C. Griffiths M.D. Lin C.-y. Health Research Center Life Style Institute Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran *** Iran Health Education Department Faculty of Health Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran *** Iran Department of Early.Childhood and Family.Education National Taipei University of Education Taipei 106 Taiwan School of Phy.ical Therapy Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Institute of Allied Health Sciences College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Division of Family.Medicine Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan Data Science Degree Program National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Family.Medicine and Community.Medicine E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung 824 Taiwan College of Medicine I-Shou University Kaohsiung 840 Taiwan Department of Medical Research E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung 840 Taiwan sunway.Business School Sunway University Selangor 47500 Malaysia International Gaming Research Unit Psychology Department Nottingham Trent University Nottingham NG1 4BU United Kingdom Department of Public Health College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Biostatistics Consulting Center National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 704 Taiwan Department of Occupational Therapy College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan

Background: Phy.ical inactivity.is a major public health problem worldwide that results in phy.ical and mental health problems. One major issue for phy.ical inactivity.is weight stigma (WS), especially.perceived WS, which could lead to a tendency.to avoid phy.ical activity.(PA). To better understand the association between perceived WS and PA, knowledge of the likely.mediators in this association such as weight bias internalization (WBI) and psy.hological distress were investigated in the present study. Methods: Using a two-wave longitudinal study.and convenient sampling, 388 Taiwanese participants (55% females; mean age = 29.7 y.ars [SD ± 6.3]) completed two survey. six months apart. Body.mass index (BMI), Perceived Weight Stigma Scale (PWSS), Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS), Depression, Anxiety. Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Tendency.to Avoid Phy.ical Activity.and Sport Scale (TAPAS) were assessed. Results: A mediation model controlling for age, gender, and BMI with 5000 bootstrapping resamples was performed. Perceived WS exerted significant direct effects on WBI (β = 0.25; p y.hological distress (β = 0.15; p = 0.003), and tendency.to avoid PA (β =0.10;p = 0.027); WBI exerted a significant direct effect on tendency.to avoid PA (β = 0.47; p y.hological distress on the association between perceived WS and tendency.to avoid PA were 0.12 and 0.01, respectively. Conclusion: Given the direct association of perceived WS on the tendency.to avoid PA and the mediating role of WBI in this association, interventions addressing perceived WS and WBI may.contribute to promoting PA. Therefore, health interventionists (both when planning and executing PA programs) need to consider weight stigmawhen encouraging phy.ical activity. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Mediation model phy.ical activity psy.hological distress weight stigma y.ung adults

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