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Superiority of Strontium-Doped Barium Titanate as an Electron Transport for Perovskite Solar Cells for Enhanced Efficiency and Thermal Stability

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2025年第01期31卷 42-63页

作者： Minhaz Mahmood Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md Samiul Islam Sakhr M.sultan Kashfia Noor M.A.Islam K.Sopian Abdullah alghafis Mohd Adib Ibrahim K.Sobayel Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaya Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Petronas Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringQassim University

This study presents a detailed comparative analysis of three electron transport layer（ETL） materials for perovskite solar cells（PSCs）,namely titanium dioxide（TiO2）,barium titanate（BaTiO3or BTO）,and strontium-doped barium titanate(Ba1-xSrxTiO3or BST),and their impact on the quantum efficiency（QE） and power conversion efficiency（PCE） of CH3NH3PbI3（MAPbI3） *** optimized structure demonstrates that devices utilizing BST as an ETL achieved the highest PCE of 29.85%,exhibiting superior thermal stability with the lowest temperature coefficient of-0.43%/*** temperature-induced degradation is comparable to that of commercially available silicon ***,BST-based ETLs show 29.50% and 26.48% higher PCE than those of TiO2-based and BTO-based *** enhanced internal QE and favorable current density-voltage（J-V） characteristics of BST compared with those of TiO2and BTO are attributed to its improved charge carrier separation,reduced recombination rates,and robust electrical characteristics under varied environmental ***,the electric field and generation rate of the BST-based ETLs show a more favorable distribution than those of the TiO2-based and BTO-based *** findings provide significant insights into the role of different ETLs in enhancing QE,indicating that BST is a superior ETL that enhances both the efficiency and stability of *** study contributes to the understanding of how perovskite-structured ETLs can be used to design and optimize highly efficient and stable photovoltaic devices.

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Novel Feature Extractor Framework in Conjunction with Supervised Three Class-XGBoost algorithm for Osteosarcoma Detection from Whole Slide Medical Histopathology Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3337-3353页

作者： Tanzila Saba Muhammad Mujahid Shaha al-Otaibi Noor Ayesha Amjad Rehman Khan Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab College of Computer&Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Cyber Security(CYBEX) Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

Osteosarcomas are malignant neoplasms derived from undifferentiated osteogenic mesenchymal cells. It causes severe and permanent damage to human tissue and has a high mortality rate. The condition has the capacity to occur in any bone;however, it often impacts long bones like the arms and legs. Prompt identification and prompt intervention are essential for augmenting patient longevity. However, the intricate composition and erratic placement of osteosarcoma provide difficulties for clinicians in accurately determining the scope of the afflicted area. There is a pressing requirement for developing an algorithm that can automatically detect bone tumors with tremendous accuracy. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a novel feature extractor framework associated with a supervised three-class XGBoost algorithm for the detection of osteosarcoma in whole slide histopathology images. This method allows for quicker and more effective data analysis. The first step involves preprocessing the imbalanced histopathology dataset, followed by augmentation and balancing utilizing two techniques: SMOTE and ADASYN. Next, a unique feature extraction framework is used to extract features, which are then inputted into the supervised three-class XGBoost algorithm for classification into three categories: non-tumor, viable tumor, and non-viable tumor. The experimental findings indicate that the proposed model exhibits superior efficiency, accuracy, and a more lightweight design in comparison to other current models for osteosarcoma detection.

关键词： Medical image processing deep learning healthcare image classification histopathology

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Arsenic and major cation hydrogeochemistry of the Central Victorian （Australia） surface waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 184-192页

作者： Khawar sultan Kim DOWLING School of Science and Engineering University of Ballarat Mount Helen University Drive Ballarat Victoria 3353 Australia

This paper reports on the major cations（Ca, Mg, Na and K） and arsenic（As） compositions of surface waters collected from major creeks, rivers and lakes in Central Victoria （Australia）. The surface waters were found to be neutral to alkaline （pH 6.7-9.4）, oxidised （average redox potential （Eh） about 130 mV） and showed variable concentrations of dissolved ions （EC, about 51-4386 /μS/cm）. The concen- trations of dissolved major cations in surface waters were found to be in the order of Na〉〉Mg〉Ca〉K and in soils the contents of metals followed an order of abundance as： Ca〉Mg〉〉K〉Na. While Na was the least abundant in soils, it registered the highest dissolved cation in surface waters. Of the four major cations, the average concentration ofNa（98.7 mg/L） was attributed to the weathering of feldspars and atmospheric input. Relatively highly dissolved concentrations of Na and Mg compared with the world average values of rivers reflected the weathering of rock and soil minerals within the catchments. The As soil level is naturally high（linked to lithology） as reflected by high background soil values and mining operations are also considered to be a contributory factor. Under relatively alkaline-oxidative conditions low mobility of dissolved As （average about 7.9 μg/L） was observed in most of the surface waters with a few higher values（〉15 μg/L） around a sewage disposal site and mine railings. Arsenic in soils is slowly released into water under alkaline and/or lower Eh conditions. The efficient sink of Fe, AI and Mn oxides acts as a barrier against the As release under near neutral-oxidising conditions. High As content （average about 28.3 mg/kg） in soils was found to be associated with Fe-hydroxides as revealed by XRD and SEM analysis. The dissolved As concentration was found to be below the recommended maximum levels for recreational water in all surface waters（lakes and rivers） in the study area. Catchment lithology exerted the fundamental control on surface water chemistr

关键词： surface water major cations arsenic soil Australia

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Enhance Intrusion Detection in Computer Networks Based on Deep Extreme Learning Machine

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 467-480页

作者： Muhammad Adnan Khan Abdur Rehman Khalid Masood Khan Mohammed A.al Ghamdi sultan H.almotiri Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54792Pakistan School of Computer Science NCBA&ELahore54000Pakistan Computer Science Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah City715Saudi Arabia

Networks provide a significant function in everyday life,and cybersecurity therefore developed a critical field of *** Intrusion detection system(IDS)becoming an essential information protection strategy that tracks the situation of the software and hardware operating on the *** advancements of growth,current intrusion detection systems also experience difficulties in enhancing detection precision,growing false alarm levels and identifying suspicious *** order to address above mentioned issues,several researchers concentrated on designing intrusion detection systems that rely on machine learning *** learning models will accurately identify the underlying variations among regular information and irregular information with incredible *** intelligence,particularly machine learning methods can be used to develop an intelligent intrusion detection *** in this article in order to achieve this objective,we propose an intrusion detection system focused on a Deep extreme learning machine(DELM)which first establishes the assessment of safety features that lead to their prominence and then constructs an adaptive intrusion detection system focusing on the important *** the moment,we researched the viability of our suggested DELMbased intrusion detection system by conducting dataset assessments and evaluating the performance factors to validate the system *** experimental results illustrate that the suggested framework outclasses traditional *** fact,the suggested framework is not only of interest to scientific research but also of functional importance.

关键词： Intrusion detection system DELM network security machine learning

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Sailfish Optimizer with EfficientNet Model for Apple Leaf Disease Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 217-233页

作者： Mazen Mushabab alqahtani Ashit Kumar Dutta sultan almotairi M.Ilayaraja Amani Abdulrahman albraikan Fahd N.al-Wesabi Mesfer al Duhayyim Physical Therapy Department Majmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityAd Diriyah13713RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia School of Computing Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626128India Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Science&Art at MahayilKing Khalid University62529Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversitySana’a1247Yemen Department of Natural and Applied Sciences College of Community-AflajPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia

Recent developments in digital cameras and electronic gadgets coupled with Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)-based automated apple leaf disease detection models are commonly employed as reasonable alternatives to traditional visual inspection *** this background,the current paper devises an Effective Sailfish Optimizer with EfficientNet-based Apple Leaf disease detection(ESFO-EalD)*** goal of the proposed ESFO-EalD technique is to identify the occurrence of plant leaf diseases *** this scenario,Median Filtering(MF)approach is utilized to boost the quality of apple plant leaf ***,SFO with Kapur’s entropy-based segmentation technique is also utilized for the identification of the affected plant region from test ***,Adam optimizer with EfficientNet-based feature extraction and Spiking Neural Network(SNN)-based classification are employed to detect and classify the apple plant leaf images.A wide range of simulations was conducted to ensure the effective outcomes of ESFO-EalD technique on benchmark *** results reported the supremacy of the proposed ESFO-EalD approach than the existing approaches.

关键词： Agriculture computer vision image processing deep learning metaheuristics image segmentation

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Precise Seismic Substructural Model of the Eocene Chorgali Limestone in the Turkwal Oil Field, Central Potwar, Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第6期93卷 1711-1720页

作者： Khawar Ashfaq AHMED Sarfraz KHAN Mahmood sultan UMAIR Bin Nisar Kalim ULLAH al-Hseinat MU’AYYAD Comsats University Islamabad(CUI)Pakistan National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar25130KPPakistan Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for Physics(NCP)IslamabadPakistan Centre for Climate Research and Development(CCRD) CUIIslamabadPakistan Department of Geology University of JordonAmmanJordan

The precise seismic substructural interpretation of the Turkwal oil field in the Central Potwar region of district Chakwal of Pakistan has been carried out. The research work was confined to the large fore-thrust that serves as an anticlinal structural trap through ten 2 D seismic lines. A precise seismic substructural model of the Eocene Chorgali Limestone with precise orientation of thrust and oblique slip faults shows the presence of a huge fracture, which made this deposit a good reservoir. The abrupt surface changes in dip azimuth for the Eocene Chorgali Limestone verifies the structural trends and also the presence of structural traps in the Turkwal field. The logs of three wells(Turkwal deep X-2, Turkwal-01 and Fimkassar-01) were analyzed for petrophysical studies, well synthetic results and generation of an Amplitude Versus Offset(AVO) model for the area. The AVO model of Turkwal deep X-2 shows abrupt changes in amplitude, which depicts the presence of hydrocarbon content. Well correlation technique was used to define the overall stratigraphic setting and the thickness of the reservoir formation in two wells, Turkwal-01 and Turkwal deep X-2. The Eocene Chorgali Limestone in Turkwal-01 is an upward thrusted anticlinal structure and because of the close position of both wells to the faulted anticlinal structure, its lesser thickness differs compared to Turkwal deep X-2. The overall results confirm that the Turkwal field is comparable to several similar thrust-bound oil-bearing structures in the Potwar basin.

关键词： 2D seismic well correlation fore-thrust structural traps AVO model Eocene Chorgali Limestone and Basement Potwar

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In situ infiltration-precipitation processes in some rock systems

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第5期42卷 870-878页

作者： Zahraa Ibrahim Rabih sultan Department of Chemistry American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon

We carry out a chemical treatment(acidization or basification)of typical rock specimens in-situ,and characterize the emerging pattern resulting from the infil-tration-precipitation *** and limestone sam-ples were treated with sulfuric acid,while pyrite was reacted with sodium *** infiltration tech-niques were employed,after selection of the most feasible method for each rock *** patterns of anglesite(PbSO_(4)),anhydrite(CaSO_(4))and goethite(FeOOH)depo-sition presented different alteration modes of the bare rock *** the three deposited minerals,only the anhydrite(CaSO_(4))displayed a band *** formation of a Liesegang pattern in the rock of highest porosity indicates a plausible correlation between the band formation and a minimum porosity requirement.A banded rock of compact texture could then be formed by a cementation mechanism,governing the long time evolution of the rock.

关键词： Liesegang Limestone Galena Pyrite Anglesite Goethite Reaction–diffusion Percolation Porosity Pattern formation

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Rare earth elements in tropical surface water,soil and sediments of the Terengganu River Basin,Malaysia

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Journal of Rare Earths 2009年第6期27卷 1072-1078页

作者： Khawar sultan Noor Azhar Shazili Institute of Oceanography University Malaysia TerengganuMengabang Telipot21030 Kuala TerengganuTerengganuMalaysia

The 14 stable rare earth element(REE) concentrations and distribution patterns were investigated for surface waters(n=51),soils(n=52) and sediments(n=42) from the tropical Terengganu River basin,*** chondrite normalized REE patterns of soils developed on four geological units showed enrichment of LREE,a pronounced negative Eu,and depletion of HREE with an enrichment order granite>>metasedimentary>alluvium>*** REE patterns in sediments reflected the soil REE patterns with an ove...

关键词： rare earth elements river/lake water soil sediment Malaysia

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Transpalpebral intraocular pressure measurement by Diaton compared to Goldman applanation tonometer in myopic eyes before and after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第3期16卷 375-381页

作者： sultan alzuhairy Department of Ophthalmology College of MedicineQassim UniversityBuraidah 51452Saudi Arabia

AIM:To compare intraocular pressure(IOP)measured via the trans palpebral IOP(tp IOP)method using a Diaton or with a Goldman applanation tonometer(GAT)and study the determinants of IOP difference in eyes undergoing transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy(TPRK)for ***:This cross-sectional validation study was held in 2020 in an eye hospital in Saudi *** was measured by Diaton and GAT before treatment,after one week,and one month of *** is considered if IOP difference by Diaton and GAT was less than±2 mm Hg *** IOP difference was tested if correlated to spherical equivalent(SE),central corneal thickness(CCT),age,gender,or tp ***:Totolly 200 myopic eyes of 100 patients were included in the *** mean difference of IOP measured by two methods before TPRK,1wk,and 1mo after TPRK were 0.790,-0.790,and-0.920 mm Hg,respectively(Pal,it is less efficient than *** eyes with high myopia and low tp IOP before surgery,IOP post-TPRK by Diaton and GAT could differ.

关键词： intraocular pressure Goldman applanation tonometry trans palpebral tonometry myopia transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy

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An Efficient Technique to Prevent Data Misuse with Matrix Cipher Encryption algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4059-4079页

作者： Muhammad Nadeem ali Arshad Saman Riaz Syeda Wajiha Zahra Ashit Kumar Dutta Moteeb al Moteri sultan almotairi Department of Computing Abasyn UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems Business Administration CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Many symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms have been developed in cloud computing to transmit data in a secure *** cryptography is a data encryption mechanism that consists of different steps and prevents the attacker from misusing the *** paper has developed an efficient algorithm to protect the data from invaders and secure the data from *** this algorithm is applied to the cloud network,the attacker will not be able to access the *** encrypt the data,the values of the bytes have been obtained by converting the plain text to ASCII.A key has been generated using the Non-Deterministic Bit Generator(NRBG)mechanism,and the key is XNORed with plain text bits,and then Bit toggling has been *** that,an efficient matrix cipher encryption algorithm has been developed,and this algorithm has been applied to this *** capability of this algorithm is that with its help,a key has been obtained from the plain text,and only by using this key can the data be decrypted in the first steps.A plain text key will never be used for another plain *** data has been secured by implementing different mechanisms in both stages,and after that,a ciphertext has been *** the end of the article,the latest technique will be compared with different *** will be a discussion on how the present technique is better than all the other techniques;then,the conclusion will be drawn based on comparative analysis.

关键词： Symmetric cryptography ciphertext encryption decryption cloud security matrix cipher

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