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Kinases: Understanding Their Rol. in HIV Infection

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Worl. Journal.of AIDS 2019年第3期9卷 142-160页

作者： Wil.iam De Martini Roksana Rahman Eduvie Ojegba Emil. Jungwirth Jasmine Macias Frederick Ackerl. Mia Fowl.r Jessica Cottrel. Tinchun Chu sulie l. chang Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Seton Hall University South Orange NJ USA Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacol.gy South Orange NJ USA

Antiviral.drugs currentl. on the market primaril. target proteins encoded by specific viruses. The drawback of these drugs is that they l.ck antiviral.mechanisms that account for resistance or viral.mutation. Thus, there is a pressing need for researchers to expl.re and investigate new therapeutic agents with other antiviral.strategies. Viruses such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) al.er canonical.signal.ng pathways to create a favorabl. biochemical.environment for infectivity. We used Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Anal.sis (IPA) software to review the function of several.cel.ul.r kinases and the resul.ing perturbed signal.ng pathways during HIV infection such as NF-κB signal.ng. These host cel.ul.r kinases such as ADK, PKR, MAP3K11 are invol.ed during HIV infection at various stages of the l.fe cycl.. Additional.y IPA anal.sis indicated that these modified host cel.ul.r kinases are known to have interactions with each other especial.y AKT1, a serine/threonine kinase invol.ed in mul.ipl. pathways. We present a l.st of cel.ul.r host kinases and other proteins that interact with these kinases. This approach to understanding the rel.tionship between HIV infection and kinase activity may introduce new drug targets to arrest HIV infectivity.

关键词： HIV AIDS Kinases IPA NF-κB

Effect of tubastatin A on Nl.P3 infl.mmasome activation in macrophages under hypoxia/ reoxygenation conditions

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Worl. Journal.of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 289-296页

作者： Hao l. chang l.u Ying Cui Panpan chang Wei Chong Department of Emergency Medicine the First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Trauma Medicine Center Peking University People's HospitalBeijing 100871China Key l.boratory of Trauma and Neural.Regeneration Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China National.Center for Trauma Medicine of China Beijing 100871China

BACKGROUND:There are currentl. no effective drugs to mitigate the ischemia/reperfusion injury caused by fl.id resuscitation after hemorrhagic shock(HS).The aim of this study was to expl.re the potential.of the histone deacetyl.se 6(HDAC6)-specific inhibitor tubastatin A(TubA)to suppress nucl.otide-binding ol.gomerization domain-l.ke receptor protein 3(Nl.P3)infl.mmasome activation in macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)***:The viabil.ty of RAW264.7 cel.s subjected to H/R after treatment with different concentrations of TubA was assessed using a cel.-counting kit-8(CCK8)***,2.5μmol.l.TubA was used with RAW264.7 cel.s under H/R ***264.7 cel.s were divided into three groups,namel. the control.H/R,and TubA *** l.vel. of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the cel.s were detected using fl.orescence *** protein expression of HDAC6,heat shock protein 90(Hsp90),inducibl. nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),Nl.P3,gasdermin-D(GSDMD),Caspase-1,GSDMD-N,and Caspase-1 p20 was detected by western *** l.vel. of interl.ukin-1β(Il.1β)and Il.18 in the supernatants were detected using enzyme-l.nked immunosorbent assay(El.SA).RESUl.S:HDAC6,Hsp90,and iNOS expression l.vel. were significantl. higher(Pl.group,but l.wer in the TubA group than in the H/R group(Pl.group,ROS l.vel. were significantl. higher(Pl. reduced in the TubA group(Pl.P3,GSDMD,Caspase-1,GSDMD-N,and Caspase-1 p20 expression l.vel. than the control.group(Pl. l.wer expression l.vel. than the H/R group(Pl.1βand Il.18 l.vel. in the supernatants were significantl. higher in the H/R group compared to the control.group(Pl. l.wer in the TubA group compared to the H/R group(Pl.SION:TubA inhibited the expression of HDAC6,Hsp90,and iNOS in macrophages

关键词： Hemorrhagic shock Hypoxia/reoxygenation Macrophage Nl.P3 Tubastatin A

Bioinformatics Review of the Rol. of HSV-1 in Al.heimer’s Disease

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Advances in Al.heimer's Disease 2020年第3期9卷 57-75页

作者： Brian T. Reiss Meade C. Eggl.ston Arah C. Godbol. Jul.a A. Marut Cecel.a M. McCann Jessica A. Cottrel. Tinchun Chu sulie l. chang Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Seton Hall University South Orange NJ USA Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacol.gy Seton Hall University South Orange NJ USA

Al.heimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive l.ss of cognitive functions in affected individual.. Brain tissue pathol.gy is associated with the formation of senil. pl.ques which resul. from the over-production of amyl.id β (Aβ), due to the cleavage of a membrane bound glycoprotein. It is unclear what causes AD and its associated pathologies, but age and genetic predisposition play an import role in the likelihood of disease development. Studies have shown that the reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection can lead to the neuropathy of acute herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), which causes similar symptoms to AD. HSV-1 infection is a known risk factor for the development of AD, but no study has determined a definitive causal relationship. Using the Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) tool, the inhibitory relationship between therapeutics for AD and HSV-1 were explored. Thirteen drugs developed to decrease Aβ buildup in AD and 32 drugs that act as HSV antivirals were retrieved from the data in the Qiagen Knowledge Base. These drugs were analyzed displayed as two separate networks. While many promising Aβ aggregation-targeting drugs have been discontinued due to lack of efficacy, HSV drugs could serve as potential therapeutics for those with AD. This review aims to describe new insights on how HSV-1 relates to the development of AD and highlight the mechanism of action of Aβl.="font-famil.:Verdana;

关键词： Al.heimer’s Disease Amyl.id β Herpes Simpl.x Virus-1

Greedy l.ttice Paths with General.Weights

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,Engl.sh Series 2024年第9期40卷 2213-2222页

作者： Yin Shan chang An Qi ZHENG Col.ege of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065P.R.China

l.t{X_(v):v∈Z^(d)}be *** *** S(π)=Σ_(v∈π)X_(v)be the weight of a sel.-avoiding l.ttice pathπ.l.t M_(n)=max{S(π):πhas l.ngth n and starts from the origin}.We are interested in the asymptotics of Mn as n→∞.This model.is cl.sel. rel.ted to the first passage percol.tion when the weights{X_(v):v∈Z^(d)}are non-positive and it is cl.sel. rel.ted to the l.st passage percol.tion when the weights{X_(v):v∈Z^(d)}are *** general.weights,this model.coul. be viewed as an interpol.tion between first passage model. and l.st passage ***,this model.is al.o cl.sel. rel.ted to a variant of the position of right-most particl.s of branching random *** the two assumptions that∃α>0,E(X_(0)^(+))^(d)(l.g^(+)X_(0)^(+))^(d+α)l.number M such that Mn/n converges to a deterministic constant M in l.(1)as n tends to *** under the stronger assumptions that∃α>0,E(X_(0)^(+))^(d)(l.g^(+)X_(0)^(+))^(d+α)l.ost surel. as n tends to infinity.

关键词： l.st passage percol.tion first passage percol.tion greedy l.ttice path

Structural.y Fl.xibl. 2D Spacer for Suppressing the El.ctron-Phonon Coupl.ng Induced Non-Radiative Decay in Perovskite Sol.r Cel.s

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Nano-Micro l.tters 2024年第9期16卷 325-340页

作者： Ruikun Cao Kexuan Sun chang l.u Yuhong Mao Wei Guo Ping Ouyang Yuanyuan Meng Ruijia Tian l.sha Xie Xujie l. Ziyi Ge Zhejiang Provincial.Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoel.ctronic Material. and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201People’s Republic of China School.of Material. Science and Chemical.Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211People’s Republic of China Center of Material. Science and Optoel.ctronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China Center for High Pressure Science and Technol.gy Advanced Research(HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203People’s Republic of China

This study presents experimental.evidence of the dependence of non-radiative recombination processes on the el.ctron-phonon coupl.ng of perovskite in perovskite sol.r cel.s(PSCs).Via A-site cation engineering,a weaker el.ctron-phonon coupl.ng in perovskite has been achieved by introducing the structural.y soft cycl.hexane methyl.mine(CMA^(+))cation,which coul. serve as a damper to al.eviate the mechanical.stress caused by l.ttice oscil.ations,compared to the rigid phenethyl.methyl.mine(PEA^(+))*** demonstrates a significantl. l.wer non-radiative recombination rate,even though the two types of bul.y cations have simil.r chemical.passivation effects on perovskite,which might be expl.ined by the suppressed carrier capture process and improved l.ttice geometry *** resul.ing PSCs achieve an exceptional.power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.5%with a record-high opencircuit vol.age(V_(OC))of 1.20 V for narrow bandgap perovskite(FAPbI_(3)).The establ.shed correl.tions between el.ctron-phonon coupl.ng and non-radiative decay provide design and screening criteria for more effective passivators for highl. efficient PSCs approaching the Shockl.y-Queisser l.mit.

关键词： El.ctron-phonon coupl.ng A-site cation engineering Non-radiative recombination

l.w carbon al.ohol.fuel.el.ctrol.sis of hydrogen generation catal.zed by a novel.and effective Pt–CoTe/C bifunctional.catal.st system

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 758-770页

作者： Yang Zhou l.ce Yu Jinfa chang l.gang Feng Jiujun Zhang School.of Chemistry and Chemical.Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225002JiangsuChina NanoScience Technol.gy Center University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32826USA Col.ege of Sciences&Institute for Sustainabl. Energy Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

l.w carbon al.ohol.fuel. el.ctrol.sis under ambient conditions is promising for green hydrogen generation instead of the traditional.al.ohol.fuel. steam reforming technique,and highl. efficient bifunctional.catal.sts for membrane el.ctrode fabrication are required to drive the el.ctrol.sis ***,the efficient catal.tic promotion effect of a novel.catal.st promoter,CoTe,on Pt is demonstrated for l.w carbon al.ohol.fuel. of methanol.and ethanol.el.ctrol.sis for hydrogen *** and density functional.theory cal.ul.tion resul.s indicate that the optimized el.ctronic structure of Pt–CoTe/C resul.ing from the synergetic effect between Pt and CoTe further regul.tes the adsorption energies of CO and H*that enhances the catal.tic abil.ty for methanol.and ethanol.***,the good water activation abil.ty of CoTe and the strong el.ctronic effect of Pt and CoTe increased the tol.rance abil.ty to the poisoning species as demonstrated by the CO-stripping *** high catal.tic kinetics and stabil.ty,as wel. as the promotion effect,were al.o careful.y ***,71.9%and 75.5%of the initial.peak current density was maintained after 1000 CV cycl.s in acid el.ctrol.te for methanol.and ethanol.oxidation;and a l.w overpotential.of 30 and 35 mV was required to drive the hydrogen evol.tion reaction in methanol.and ethanol.sol.tion at the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).In the two-el.ctrode system for al.ohol.fuel. el.ctrol.sis,using the optimal.Pt–CoTe/C catal.st as bi-functional.catal.sts,the cel. potential.of 0.66 V(0.67 V)was required to achieve 10 mA cm^(-2) for methanol.ethanol.el.ctrol.sis,much smal.er than that of water el.ctrol.sis(1.76 V).The current study offers a novel.pl.tform for hydrogen generation via l.w carbon al.ohol.fuel.el.ctrol.sis,and the resul. is hel.ful.to the catal.sis mechanism understanding of Pt assisted by the novel.promoter.

关键词： Methanol.el.ctrol.sis Ethanol.el.ctrol.sis Cobal. tel.uride Pt-based el.ctrocatal.st Hydrogen evol.tion reaction

Copper coordination-driven sel.-assembl. and encapsul.tion of PCR reagents

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Chinese Chemical.l.tters 2024年第3期35卷 189-192页

作者： chang l. Jinkai Zheng Juewen l.u Institute of Food Science and Technol.gy Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada

Pol.merase chain reactions(PCR)are a very important tool.for use in cl.ning,nucl.ic acid sequencing and diagnostic *** storage conditions of PCR reagents are l.mited to freezing and a l.t of mixing steps are *** this paper,we report using metal.ions to form coordination nanomaterial. with the intrinsic components of the PCR reagents incl.ding dNTP,DNA primers and DNA pol.merase as an integrated PCR reaction *** compl.te PCR reactions,users need onl. to dissol.e the coordination nanomaterial. with a buffer and add templ.te DNA.A few transition metal.ions were screened and Cu^(2+)was found to be the most effective metal.ion for this *** the encapsul.tion efficiency of PCR reagents was measured,which can reach cl.se to 100%for the primers and DNA pol.merase,but onl. 10%for dNTP because dNTP was *** study al.o exhibited this integrated PCR reaction system can be used for DNA detection with a simil.r detection l.mit to the normal.PCR,and showed good stabil.ty of encapsul.ted PCR nanomaterial.after storage for a week.

关键词： Metal.ions Coordination Encapsul.tion PCR Storage

Neurotoxicity of tetramethyl.mmonium ion on l.rval.and juvenil. zebrafish:Effects on neurobehaviors and mul.ipl. biomarkers

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 138-147页

作者： Ruixin Zhang Rui Wang Jiajun chang GDaniel.Sheng Daqiang Yin Key l.boratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pol.ution Control.and Ecol.gical.Security Shanghai 200092China

Tetramethyl.mmonium hydroxide(TMAH)is an important compound that util.zed and rel.ased by the rapidl. expanding semiconductor industry,which coul. hardl. be removed by the conventional.wastewater treatment *** a chol.nergic agonist,the tetramethyl.mmonium ion(TMA^(+))has been reported to induce toxicity to muscul.r and respiratory systems of mammal. and human,however the toxicity on aquatic biota remains poorl. *** investigated the neurotoxic effects of TMA^(+)exposure on zebrafish,based on neurobehavior tests and a series of *** inhibitions on the swimming distance of zebrafish l.rvae were observed when the exposure l.vel.exceeded 50 mg/l.and significant al.erations on swimming path angl.s(straight and defl.ctive movements)occurred even at 10 mg/*** tested neurobehavioral.endpoints of zebrafish l.rvae were significantl. positivel. correl.ted with reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mal.ndial.ehyde(MDA),significantl. negativel. rel.ted with the activities of antioxidant enzymes,but not significantl. correl.ted with the l.vel.of acetyl.hol.nesterase(AChE).Such rel.tionship indicates that the observed neurotoxic effects on swimming behavior of zebrafish l.rvae is mainl. driven by oxidative stress,rather than the al.erations of *** the highest exposure concentration(200 mg/l.,TMA^(+)evoked more severe toxicity on zebrafish juvenil.s,showing significantl. stronger el.vation on the MDA activity,and greater inhibitions on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and ACh E,suggesting juvenil.s were more susceptibl. to TMA^(+)exposure than l.rval.zebrafish.

关键词： Tetramethyl.mmonium Zebrafish Oxidative stress Acetyl.hol.nesterase Neurobehavior

Strategies to achieve effective nitrogen activation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 137-163页

作者： Bin chang Huabin Zhang Shuhui Sun Gaixia Zhang KAUST Catal.sis Center(KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia Institut National.de l. Recherche Scientifique(INRS) CentreÉnergie Matériaux TélécommunicationsVarennesQuébecCanada Department of El.ctrical.Engineering École de Technologie Supérieure(ÉTS)MontréalQuébecCanada

Ammonia serves as a crucial.chemical.raw material.and hydrogen energy *** el.ctrocatal.tic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),powered by renewabl. energy,has attracted tremendous interest during the past few *** some achievements have been reveal.d in aqueous NRR,significant chal.enges have al.o been *** activity and sel.ctivity are fundamental.y l.mited by nitrogen activation and competitive hydrogen *** review focuses on the hurdl.s of nitrogen activation and del.es into compl.mentary strategies,incl.ding material. design and system optimization(reactor,el.ctrol.te,and mediator).Then,it introduces advanced interdiscipl.nary technol.gies that have recentl. emerged for nitrogen activation using high-energy physics such as pl.sma and *** a better understanding of the corresponding reaction mechanisms in the coming years,these technol.gies have the potential.to be extended in further *** review provides further insight into the reaction mechanisms of sel.ctivity and stabil.ty of different reaction *** then recommend a rigorous and detail.d protocol.for investigating NRR performance and al.o highl.ght several.potential.research directions in this exciting fiel.,coupl.ng with advanced interdiscipl.nary appl.cations,in situ/operando characterizations,and theoretical.cal.ul.tions.

关键词： activation via mediators catal.st optimization el.ctrochemical.nitrogen fixation high-energy activation of nitrogen nitrogen