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Modal and Thermal Analysis of a Modified Connecting Rod of an Internal Combustion Engine Using Finite Element Method

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2023年第3期13卷 29-49页

作者： Nkrumah Jacob Kwaku Baba Ziblim sulemana yahaya Sherry Kwabla Amedorme Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Department of Automotive Engineering Tamale Technical University Tamale Ghana Department of Mechanical Engineering Tamale Technical University Tamale Ghana Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Kumasi Ghana

The connecting rod is one of the most important moving components in an internal combustion engine. The present work determined the possibility of using aluminium alloy 7075 material to design and manufacture a connecting rod for weight optimisation without losing the strength of the connecting rod. It considered modal and thermal analyses to investigate the suitability of the material for connecting rod design. The parameters that were considered under the modal analysis were: total deformation, and natural frequency, while the thermal analysis looked at the temperature distribution, total heat flux and directional heat flux of the four connecting rods made with titanium alloy, grey cast iron, structural steel and aluminium 7075 alloy respectively. The connecting rod was modelled using Autodesk inventor2017 software using the calculated parameters. The steady-state thermal analysis was used to determine the induced heat flux and directional heat flux. The study found that Aluminium 7075 alloy deformed more than the remaining three other materials but has superior qualities in terms of vibrational natural frequency, total heat flux and lightweight compared to structural steel, grey cast iron and titanium alloy.

关键词： Connecting Rod Steady-State Thermal Analysis Deformation Heat Flux Thermal and Modal Finite Element Method

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Modal and Thermal Analysis of a Modified Connecting Rod of an Internal Combustion Engine Using Finite Element Method

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2023年第3期

作者： Nkrumah Jacob Kwaku Baba Ziblim sulemana yahaya Sherry Kwabla Amedorme

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Performing arts as a social technology for community health promotion in northern Ghana

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2016年第1期4卷 22-36页

作者： Michael Frishkopf Hasan Hamze Mubarak Alhassan Ibrahim Abukari Zukpeni sulemana Abu David Zakus Faculty of Arts and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta382 FABEdmonton AB T6H 3S9Canada 9851 Waller Court Richmond BC V7E5S9 Canada Grooming Dot Org P.O.Box TL 1324Postal Code 00233House No.CH.EXT 14Bolga RoadAgric AreaTamaleNorthern RegionGhanaWest Africa Grooming Dot Org P.O.Box TL 1817Post Code:00233TamaleNorthern RegionGhanaWest Africa Tamale Youth Home Cultural Group P O Box 601Tamale N/RA Ext.32 HiltopGhanaWest Africa Faculty of Community Studies School of Occupational and Public HealthRyerson UniversityRoom POD249350 Victoria StreetTorontoON M5B 2K3Canada

Objective:We present first-phase results of a performing arts public health intervention,‘Singing and Dancing for Health,’aiming to promote healthier behaviors in Ghana’s impoverished Northern *** hypothesize that live music and dance drama provide a powerful technology to overcome barriers such as illiteracy,lack of adequate media access,inadequate health resources,and entrenched sociocultural *** research objective is to evaluate this ***:In this first phase,we evaluated the effectiveness of arts interventions in improv-ing knowledge and behaviors associated with reduced incidence of malaria and cholera,focusing on basic information and simple practices,such as proper hand *** with the Youth Home Cultural Group,we codeveloped two‘dance dramas’delivering health messages through di-alog,lyrics,and drama,using music and dance to attract spectators,focus attention,infuse emotion,and socialize *** also designed knowledge,attitude,and behavior surveys as measurement *** purposive sampling,we selected three contrasting test villages in the vicinity,contrasting in size and *** cooperation of chiefs,elders,elected officials,and Gha-na Health Service officers,we conducted a baseline survey in each ***,we performed the interventions,and subsequently conducted follow-up *** a more qualitative approach,we also tracked a select subgroup,conducted focus group studies,and collected ***-veys were coded and data were analyzed by Epi ***:Both quantitative and qualitative methods indicated that those who attended the dance drama performances were likelier than those who did not attend to list the causal,preven-tive,and transmission factors of malaria and ***,the same attendees were likelier than nonattendees to list some activities they do to prevent malaria,cholera,and other sanitation-related diseases,proving that dance dramas were highly effective both in raisi

关键词： Music dance drama edutainment community health sanitation malaria Ghana

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新型填料处理城市污水的效果研究及生物群落结构分析

新型填料处理城市污水的效果研究及生物群落结构分析

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作者： HUSSEINI sulemana 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

生物膜反应器(BR)是一种简单、高效、资源化的废水处理系统。选择合适的生物膜载体是污水处理工艺的关键。生化棉填料(BCF)常用于鱼类养殖废水过滤处理,将其作为新型生物膜填料尝试于生活污水处理工艺中,并和常用的移动床生物膜填料(MB... 详细信息

生物膜反应器(BR)是一种简单、高效、资源化的废水处理系统。选择合适的生物膜载体是污水处理工艺的关键。生化棉填料(BCF)常用于鱼类养殖废水过滤处理,将其作为新型生物膜填料尝试于生活污水处理工艺中,并和常用的移动床生物膜填料(MBBF)作比较。主要研究内容如下:BCF和MBBF分别独立构建了2个生物膜反应器,研究了两种生物膜填料反应器不同阶段对生活污水中的化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)和总磷(TP)的去除率;比较两种生物填料反应器的性能和BCF和MBBF的耐久性评价;设计正交试验,研究了p H、DO和水力停留时间(HRT)等工艺参数对降解污染物的影响,确定最佳工艺参数;探讨生物膜反应器微生物群落结构特征及其与污染物降解关系。得出以下结论:(1)在DO(2-3 mg/L),p H(6.00-7.50)和温度(25.0-27.0℃)范围内进行培养、驯化和运行。在培养阶段,MBBR和BCR的平均COD去除率分别为67.51%和67.44%,而驯化阶段MBBR的平均COD去除率分别为81.11%和80.44%。在COD达到稳定的去除效果后,实验快速进入运行阶段。在此阶段,MBBR对COD、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分别为84.99%、92.00%和60.75%,BCR对COD、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分别为85.23%、94.36%和61.89%。(2)根据每个生物膜载体的物理特征描述,MBBF比BCF表现出更强的强度。通过对MBBF和BCF的整体实验结果的比较,发现BCF比MBBF具有较高的降解效率,表明BCF具有替代MBBF处理小规模生活污水的潜力。(3)通过正交试验结果表明,HRT对COD的降解影响较大,而DO对NH3-N和TP的降解影响较大;COD的最佳处理条件为HRT(10h)、DO(3～4 mg/L)和p H(8.5);而NH-N和TP的最佳处理条件为DO(3-4 mg/L),HRT(12h)和p H(8.5)。综合考虑下,DO(3～4)、HRT(12h)、p H(8.5)为最佳工艺条件。在最佳工作条件下,COD、NH-N和TP的降解效率分别为84.65%、92.99%和68.08%。(4)采用高通量测序技术评估微生物多样性和生物反应器不同阶段的群落结构之间的关系。在一定的DO(2-3 mg/L),p H(6.00-7.50)和温度(25.0-27.0℃)范围内,从培养到驯化阶段,各生物反应器的优势微生物均为Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes,其中培养阶段MBBR3和BCR2的优势微生物分别增加了65%和28%。在不同实验工艺参数的运行阶段,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和普朗霉菌门(Planctomycetes)在运行阶段BCR6和MBBR7中均处于相同的优势水平,分别为48%和7%,其中拟杆菌门菌(Bacteroidetes)在MBBR7中占15%的优势。与BCR相比,MBBR中Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes的平均相对丰度较高,平均群体数分别为53.33%和20.66%。普朗托菌在BCR中的平均种群数量高于MBBR,平均种群数量为6.33%。微生物的种类和丰度在不同阶段不断变化,以便有效地处理目标污染物指标。结果表明,BCF比MBBF对污染物的降解效果较好,有望取代MBBF用于生活污水处理工艺中。本研究将为今后生活污水处理中BCF的设计和应用提供理论依据和技术指导。

关键词：生物接触氧化法 MBBF BCF 微生物群落降解效率

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Computational Dynamics of Stagnation Point Flow of Micropolar Fluid Past Vertical Porous Plates

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第11期11卷 3484-3504页

作者： Ayando Timothy Ibrahim Y. Seini Musah sulemana Faculty of Physical Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

This work examines the flow of a micropolar fluid over a vertical porous plate at the MHD stagnation point under viscous dissipation, convective boundary conditions, and thermal radiation. The governing partial differential equations and a set of similarity parameters were used to transform them into ordinary differential equations. The Runge-Kutta fourth-order algorithm is used in conjunction with the Newton Raphson shooting technique to numerically solve the generated self-similar equations. Results were tabulated both numerically and graphically, and examples for different controlling factors are quantitatively analyzed. According to the study, the vortex viscosity parameter (k) causes the velocity profiles to rise while the magnetic parameter, suction parameter, and radiation parameter cause them to fall. In contrast, as the flow’s suction and prandtl values rise, so do the magnetic parameter, radiation, and vortex viscosity, while the thickness of the thermal boundary layer decreases. .

关键词： MHD Viscous Dissipation Thermal Radiation Microrotation Micropolar Fluid

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General Scattering Mechanism and Transport in Graphene

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Graphene 2013年第1期2卷 49-54页

作者： Musah Rabiu Samuel Y. Mensah sulemana S. Abukari Center for Laser and Fiber Optics Physics Department University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana University for Development Studies Faculty of Applied Science Department of Applied Physics Navrongo Ghana

Using quasi time dependent semiclassical transport theory, within relaxation time approximation, we obtained coupled electronic current equations in the presence of time varying field, and based on general scattering mechanism,. In the vicinity of Dirac points, we find that a characteristic exponent?corresponds to acoustic phonon scattering,?long range Coulomb scattering mechanism and?is short range (delta or contact potential) scattering in which the conductivity is constant of temperature. The?case is the ballistic regime. In the low energy dynamics of Dirac electrons in graphene, the effect of the time dependent electric field is to alter just the electron charge by?making electronic conductivity nonlinear. The effect of constant magnetic field at finite temperature is also considered.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Relaxation Time Approximation Graphene Energy Spectrum Electronic Conductivity Scattering

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Appearance of Negative Differential Conductivity in Graphene Nanoribbons at High-Harmonics

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Graphene 2013年第2期2卷 61-65页

作者： Musah Rabiu Samuel Y. Mensah sulemana S. Abukari Department of Applied Physics University for Development Studies Navrongo Ghana Physics Department Center for Laser and Fiber Optics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

We theoretically study current dynamics of graphene nanoribbons subject to DC-AC driven fields. We show that graphene exhibits negative differential conductivity (NDC) at high-harmonics. NDC occurs in the neighborhood where a constant electric field is equal to amplitude of ac field. We also observe NDC at both even and odd harmonics and at wave mixing of two commensurate frequencies. The even harmonics are more pronounced than the odd harmonics. A possible use of the present method for generating terahertz frequencies at even harmonics in graphene is suggested.

关键词： Graphene Nanoribbon Energy Spectrum Electronic Conductivity Terahertz Negative Differential Conductivity

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Sickle Cell Gene Transmission: Do Public Servants in Tamale, Ghana Have the Right Knowledge and Attitude to Curb It?

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 299-308页

作者： Evans Paul Kwame Ameade Baba sulemana Mohammed Gideon Kofi Helegbe Sualisu Yakubu Department of Human Biology School of Medicine and Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Savelugu District Hospital Savelugu Ghana

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is exerting enormous public health and economic burden on many countries. To reduce these effects, the World Health Organization is urging countries, especially those in Africa, to increase public awareness of this disease. This study accessed whether public servants in Tamale, Ghana possess adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards SCD. Method: A total of 320 public servants within the Tamale Metropolis were invited to complete a questionnaire in a cross-sectional study. Data were analyzed using GraphPad 5.01. Association between different variables was tested. Results: The media was the main source of information for a majority of the 94.2% of respondents who had ever heard of SCD. Knowledge of respondents on transmission and testing of SCD was above 70% but they recorded less than 40% in SCD’s incurability, prevalence, effect of SCD on life span and pregnancy. The mean knowledge score of respondents was (11.1 ± 5.11)/22 or 50.7%. Only about a quarter knew their sickling status or that of their spouses before marriage or first child. Although 78.0% of respondents would call off marriages if they became aware of genetic incompatibility, the overall mean attitude, (2.857 ± 1.97)/ 7.0% or 40.8% was poor. There was a positive and significant correlation between the knowledge of respondents and their attitude towards SCD (r = 0.494, p < 0.0001) hence respondents working in the health sector and those with tertiary level education had better attitudes towards SCD. Conclusion: Public servants in Ghana have moderate knowledge of SCD but their attitude towards the disease was poor. Public servants least considered genetic incompatibility before entering conjugal relationships. This poor attitude means the campaign for the reduction of sickle cell gene transmission must be intensified. Governments need to increase their investment on educational campaigns aimed at changing attitude of persons through provision of more knowledge

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Public Servants Knowledge Attitude Tamale

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Anomalous Viscosity of Vortex Hall States in Graphene

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2015年第12期3卷 1654-1661页

作者： Rabiu Musah Samuel Y. Mensah Ibrahim Y. Seini sulemana S. Abukari Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Mathematical Sciences University for Development Studies Navrongo Campus Upper East Ghana Department of Physics Laser and Fiber Optics Center University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

We study temperature effect on anomalous viscosity of Graphene Hall fluid within quantum many-vortex hydrodynamics. The commonly observed filling fraction, in the range is considered. An expression for anomalous viscosity dependent on a geometric parameter-Hall expansion coefficient is obtained at finite temperatures. It arises from strained induced pseudo-magnetic field in addition to an anomalous term in vortex velocity, which is responsible for renormalization of vortex-vortex interactions. We observed that both terms greatly modify the anomalous viscosity as well as an enhancement of weakly observed v fractions. Finite values of the expansion coefficient produce constant and infinite viscosities at varying temperatures. The infinities are identified as energy gaps and suggest temperatures at which new stable quantum hall filling fractions could be seen. This phenomenon is used to estimate energy gaps of already measured fractional Quantum Hall States in Graphene.

关键词： Euler Hydrodynamics Quantum Hall Fluid Vortex Dynamics Fractional Quantum Hall Effect Anomalous Viscosity Hall Expansion Coefficient

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Generation and Propagation of Ultrasonic Waves in Piezoelectric Graphene Nanoribbon

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Open Journal of Acoustics 2013年第3期3卷 38-42页

作者： Musah Rabiu Samuel Y. Mensah sulemana S. Abukari Matthew Amekpewu Baah Sefa-Ntiri Anthony Twum University for Development Studies Faculty of Applied Science Department of Applied Physics Navrongo Ghana University of Cape Coast Center for Laser and Fiber Optics Physics Department Cape Coast Ghana

Generation and propagation of ultrasonic waves in single layer Graphene Nanoribbon is studied using semi-classical approach. When piezoelectric Graphene Nanoribbon (GNR) is exposed to time varying light beam, ultrasonic waves are produced which propagate in the medium. At low frequencies, we observed oscillations of the ultrasonic observables, velocity change and attenuation which are characteristics of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. Exploiting this oscillatory behavior, we estimate graphene’s electronic mobility to be around . Propagating ultrasonic waves can be amplified, depending on the electric field amplitude. Specifically, amplification occurs when drift velocity exceeds sound velocity. This scheme can be employed for efficient ultrasonic amplifier device operation.

关键词： Current Density Negative Differential Conductivity Commensurable Frequencies

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