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How have breeders adapted rice flowering to the growing region?

JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024年第12期66卷 2736-2753页

作者： Kobayashi, Asako suganami, mao Yoshida, Hideki Morinaka, Yoichi Watanabe, Syuto Machida, Yoshie Chaya, Genki Nakaoka, Fumihiro Sato, Nobuhito Miura, Kotaro Matsuoka, Makoto Rice Breeding Grp Fukui Agr Expt Stn Fukui 9188215 Japan Fukushima Univ Inst Fermentat Sci Fac Food & Agr Sci Fukushima 9601296 Japan Fukui Prefectural Univ Fac Biotechnol Dept Biosci Fukui 9101195 Japan Fukui Prefectural Govt Fukui 9108580 Japan

Flowering time is a crucial rice trait that influences its adaptation to various environments, cropping schedules, and agronomic characteristics. Rice breeders have exploited spontaneous mutations in heading date genes to regulate the flowering time. In the present study, we investigated how breeders in Fukui Prefecture regulated days to heading while developing promising rice varieties. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified Hd1, Hd16, and Hd18 as the major genes controlling days to heading in the population. However, we suspected that this highly bred population might exhibit genomic stratification, which could lead to spurious or false correlations in the GWAS. Thus, we also conducted correlation and partial correlation analyses, which uncovered another key heading date gene, Hd17, that GWAS failed to detect because of its linkage disequilibrium with the major effect gene Hd16. Examination of haplotype frequencies across different breeding periods revealed that the early-heading Hd16 (Hd16(E)) and late-heading Hd17 (Hd17(L)) were increasingly co-selected in the Hd1 functional population. Varieties carrying this Hd16(E)/Hd17(L) combination exhibited days to heading in the range of 70-80, which corresponds to the peak temperature and sunshine period and is also optimal for grain quality and yield components in the Fukui environment. The present study highlights that it is imperative to remain vigilant for Type I (false positives) and Type II (false negatives) errors when performing GWAS on highly bred populations and to implement appropriate countermeasures by accounting for gene-by-gene interactions established through the breeding process. We also discuss the effectiveness of Hd16(E), which is not used outside Japan for subtle days to heading control but is widely used in Japan at certain latitudes.

关键词： breeding flowering GWAS heading date partial correlation analysis rice

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Overview and Prospect of Distributed Energy P2P Trading

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 379-404页

作者： Jiajia Liu Mingxing Tian Xusheng mao School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou730070China

After a century of relative stability in the electricity sector,the widespread adoption of distributed energy resources,along with recent advancements in computing and communication technologies,has fundamentally altered how energy is consumed,traded,and *** change signifies a crucial shift as the power system evolves from its traditional hierarchical organization to a more decentralized *** the heart of this transformation are innovative energy distribution models,like peer-to-peer(P2P)sharing,which enable communities to collaboratively manage their energy *** effectiveness of P2P sharing not only improves the economic prospects for prosumers,who generate and consume energy,but also enhances energy resilience and *** allows communities to better leverage local resources while fostering a sense of collective responsibility and collaboration in energy ***,there is still no extensive implementation of such sharing models in today’s *** on distributed energy P2P trading is still in the exploratory stage,and it is particularly important to comprehensively understand and analyze the existing distributed energy P2P trading *** paper contributes with an overview of the P2P markets that starts with the network framework,market structure,technical approach for trading mechanism,and blockchain technology,moving to the outlook in this field.

关键词： Distributed energy P2P market mechanisms classification and comparison

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Study of the Transport Behavior of Multispherical Proppant in Intersecting Fracture Based on Discrete Element Method

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 185-201页

作者： Chengyong Peng JianshuWu mao Jiang Biao Yin Yishan Lou CNOOC Research Institute Company Limited Beijing100028China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China Hubei Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering(Yangtze University) Wuhan430100China

To analyze the differences in the transport and distribution of different types of proppants and to address issues such as the short effective support of proppant and poor placement in hydraulically intersecting fractures,this study considered the combined impact of geological-engineering factors on *** reservoir production parameters and the discrete elementmethod,multispherical proppants were ***,a 3D fracture model,based on the specified conditions of the L block,employed coupled(Computational Fluid Dynamics)CFD-DEM(Discrete ElementMethod)for joint simulations to quantitatively analyze the transport and placement patterns of multispherical proppants in intersecting *** indicate that turbulent kinetic energy is an intrinsic factor affecting proppant ***,the efficiency of placement and migration distance of low-sphericity quartz sand constructed by the DEM in the main fracture are significantly reduced compared to spherical ceramic proppants,with a 27.7%decrease in the volume fraction of the fracture surface,subsequently affecting the placement concentration and damaging fracture *** to small-angle fractures,controlling artificial and natural fractures to expand at angles of 45°to 60°increases the effective support length by approximately 20.6%.During hydraulic fracturing of gas wells,ensuring the fracture support area and post-closure conductivity can be achieved by controlling the sphericity of proppants and adjusting the perforation direction to control the direction of artificial fractures.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing discrete element method proppant sphericity CFD-DEM

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Mitophagy in acute central nervous system injuries:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2437-2453页

作者： Siyi Xu Junqiu Jia Rui mao Xiang Cao Yun Xu Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Neurology Medical Center NanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute central nervous system injuries,including ischemic stro ke,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,and spinal co rd injury,are a major global health *** optimal therapies and improving the long-term neurological functions of patients with acute central nervous system injuries are urgent *** are susceptible to damage after acute central nervous system injury,and this leads to the release of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species,which induce cell ***,a selective form of autophagy,is crucial in eliminating redundant or damaged mitochondria during these *** evidence has highlighted the significant role of mitophagy in acute central nervous system *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the process,classification,and related mechanisms of *** also highlight the recent developments in research into the role of mitophagy in various acute central nervous system injuries and drug therapies that regulate *** the final section of this review,we emphasize the potential for treating these disorders by focusing on mitophagy and suggest future research paths in this area.

关键词： autophagy intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke mitochondria mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial quality control mitophagy spinal cord injury subarachnoid hemorrhage traumatic brain injury

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Wave effect of gravitational waves intersected with a microlens field Ⅱ:An adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm and population study

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 241-254页

作者： Xikai Shan Guoliang Li Xuechun Chen Wen Zhao Bin Hu Shude mao Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School of Physics and Astronomy Beijing Normal University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences

The gravitational lensing wave effect generated by a microlensing field embedded in a lens galaxy is an inevitable phenomenon in strong lensed gravitational waves （SLGWs）.This effect presents both challenges and opportunities for the detection and application of ***,investigating this wave effect requires computing a complete diffraction integral over each microlens in the *** is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of microlenses （10～3-10～6）.Therefore,simply adding all the microlenses is ***,the complexity of the time delay surface makes the lens plane resolution a crucial factor in controlling numerical *** this paper,we propose a trapezoid approximation-based adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm to meet the challenges of calculation speed and *** find that this algorithm accelerates the calculation by four orders of magnitude compared to the simple adding method and is one order of magnitude faster than the fixed hierarchical tree algorithm proposed for electromagnetic *** importantly,our algorithm ensures controllable numerical errors,increasing confidence in the *** with our previous work （***.66,239511,2023）,this paper addresses all numerical issues,including integral convergence,precision,and computational time1).Finally,we conducted a population study on the microlensing wave effect of SLGWs using this algorithm and found that the microlensing wave effect cannot be ignored,especially for Type II SLGWs （from saddle position of the time delay surface） due to their intrinsic geometric structures and their typical intersection with a denser microlensing ***,more than 33%（11%） of SLGWs have a mismatch larger than 1%（3%） compared to the unlensed ***,we found that the mismatch between signal pairs in a doubly imaged GW is generally larger than 10-3,and 61%（25%） of signal pairs have a mismatch larger than 1%（3%）.Therefo

关键词： gravitational lensing diffractional integral algorithm gravitational wave

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Smart Gas Sensors:Recent Developments and Future Prospective

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 55-86页

作者： Boyang Zong Shufang Wu Yuehong Yang Qiuju Li Tian Tao Shun mao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research InstituteShanghai East HospitalState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseTongji University1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Microbiome Medicine Center Department of Laboratory MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280People’s Republic of China

Gas sensor is an indispensable part of modern society withwide applications in environmental monitoring,healthcare,food industry,public safety,*** the development of sensor technology,wireless communication,smart monitoring terminal,cloud storage/computing technology,and artificial intelligence,smart gas sensors represent the future of gassensing due to their merits of real-time multifunctional monitoring,earlywarning function,and intelligent and automated *** electronicand optoelectronic gas sensors have been developed for high-performancesmart gas *** the development of smart terminals and the maturityof integrated technology,flexible and wearable gas sensors play an increasingrole in gas *** review highlights recent advances of smart gassensors in diverse *** structural components and fundamentalprinciples of electronic and optoelectronic gas sensors are described,andflexible and wearable gas sensor devices are ***,sensorarray with artificial intelligence algorithms and smart gas sensors in“Internet of Things”paradigm are ***,the challengesand perspectives of smart gas sensors are discussed regarding the future need of gas sensors for smart city and healthy living.

关键词： Smart gas sensor Electronic sensor Optoelectronic sensor Flexible and wearable sensor Artificial intelligence

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CaH2-promoted activity of Ni-carbonate interface for CO2 methanation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 522-532页

作者： Jin-Peng Wang Guo-Cui mao Hui-Lin Jiang Bao-Xia Dong Yun-Lei Teng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University

Transition metal-carbonate interfaces often act as active sites in heterogeneous catalytic *** interface between transition metal and metal carbonate exhibits a dynamic equilibrium during the CO2hydrogenation reaction,involving surface carbonate hydrogenation and ***,there have been few reports on engineering the activity of the interface between transition metal and alkaline earth metal carbonate for catalytic *** work demonstrated that the incorporation of CaH2in Ni/CaCO3enhances the CO2methanation activity of the *** CO2conversion for Ni/CaH2-CaCO3reached 68.5%at 400°C,which was much higher than that of the Ni/CaCO3（31.6%） and Ni/CaH2-CaO （42.4%） ***,the Ni/CaH2-CaCO3catalysts remained stable during the stability test for 24 h at 400°C and 8 *** research revealed that CaH2played a crucial role in promoting the activity of the Ni-carbonate interface for ***2could modify the electronic structure of Ni and tune the structural properties of CaCO3to generate medium basic sites （OH groups）,which are favorable for the activation of H2and ***-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） analysis combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that CO2activation occurs at the hydroxyl group （OH） on the CaH2-modified Ni-carbonate surface,leading to the formation of CO3H****,our study has confirmed that CO2methanation over the Ni/CaH2-CaCO3catalysts proceeds via the formate pathway.

关键词： CO 2 methanation Metal hydride Ni catalysts Carbonate Metal-carbonate interface

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High Fe‑Loading Single‑Atom Catalyst Boosts ROS Production by Density Effect for Efficient Antibacterial Therapy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 187-203页

作者： Si Chen Fang Huang Lijie mao Zhimin Zhang Han Lin Qixin Yan Xiangyu Lu Jianlin Shi Department of Cardiology Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China

The current single-atom catalysts(SACs)for medicine still suffer from the limited active site ***,we develop a synthetic method capable of increasing both the metal loading and mass-specific activity of SACs by exchanging zinc with *** constructed iron SACs(h^(3)-FNC)with a high metal loading of 6.27 wt%and an optimized adjacent Fe distance of~4 A exhibit excellent oxidase-like catalytic performance without significant activity decay after being stored for six months and promising antibacterial ***,a“density effect”has been found at a high-enough metal doping amount,at which individual active sites become close enough to interact with each other and alter the electronic structure,resulting in significantly boosted intrinsic activity of single-atomic iron sites in h^(3)-FNCs by 2.3 times compared to low-and medium-loading ***,the overall catalytic activity of h^(3)-FNC is highly improved,with mass activity and metal mass-specific activity that are,respectively,66 and 315 times higher than those of commercial Pt/*** addition,h^(3)-FNCs demonstrate efficiently enhanced capability in catalyzing oxygen reduction into superoxide anion(O_(2)·^(−))and glutathione(GSH)*** in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrate the superior antibacterial efficacy of h^(3)-FNCs in promoting wound *** work presents an intriguing activity-enhancement effect in catalysts and exhibits impressive therapeutic efficacy in combating bacterial infections.

关键词： Nanocatalytic medicine Single-atom catalysts Reactive oxygen species(ROS) High metal loading Oxidase catalysis

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MXene Hybridized Polymer with Enhanced Electromagnetic Energy Harvest for Sensitized Microwave Actuation and Self‑Powered Motion Sensing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 265-279页

作者： Yu‑Ze Wang Yu‑Chang Wang Ting‑Ting Liu Quan‑Liang Zhao Chen‑Sha Li mao‑Sheng Cao School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Material Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080People’s Republic of China

Polymeric microwave actuators combining tissue-like softness with programmablemicrowave-responsive deformation hold great promise for mobile intelligentdevices and bionic soft robots. However, their application is challenged by restricted electromagneticsensitivity and intricate sensing coupling. In this study, a sensitized polymericmicrowave actuator is fabricated by hybridizing a liquid crystal polymer with Ti3C2Tx(MXene). Compared to the initial counterpart, the hybrid polymer exhibits unique spacechargepolarization and interfacial polarization, resulting in significant improvements of230% in the dielectric loss factor and 830% in the apparent efficiency of electromagneticenergy harvest. The sensitized microwave actuation demonstrates as the shortenedresponse time of nearly 10 s, which is merely 13% of that for the initial shape memory polymer. Moreover, the ultra-low content of MXene (upto 0.15 wt%) benefits for maintaining the actuation potential of the hybrid polymer. An innovative self-powered sensing prototype that combinesdriving and piezoelectric polymers is developed, which generates real-time electric potential feedback (open-circuit potential of ~ 3 mV) duringactuation. The polarization-dominant energy conversion mechanism observed in the MXene-polymer hybrid structure furnishes a new approachfor developing efficient electromagnetic dissipative structures and shows potential for advancing polymeric electromagnetic intelligent devices.

关键词： Microwave absorption Electromagnetic response Energy harvest Self-sensing Soft actuator

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A triple-band miniaturized end-fire antenna based on odd-mode spoof surface plasmonic polariton waveguide resonator

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： BAI Yukun mao Mengqun Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices， Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology， Ministry of Education， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， Tianjin University of Technology

A triple-band miniaturized end-fire antenna based on the odd modes of spoof surface plasmonic polariton (SSPP) waveguide resonator is proposed in this paper. To meet the ever increasing demand for more communication channels and less antenna sizes， multi-band antennas are currently under intensive investigation. By a novel feeding method， three odd modes are excited on an SSPP waveguide resonator， which performs as an end-fire antenna operating at three bands， 7.15-7.26GHz， 11.6-12.2GHz and 13.5-13.64GHz. It exhibits reasonably high and stable maximum gains of 5.26， 7.97 and 10.1dBi and maximum efficiencies of 64%， 92% and 98% at the three bands， respectively. Moreover， in the second band the main beam angle shows a frequency dependence with a total scanning angle of 19°. The miniaturized triple-band antenna has a great potential to be applied in wireless communication systems， satellite communication and radar systems.

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