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Evaluating effect of chloride attack and concrete cover on the probability of corrosion

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 379-390页

作者： Sanjeev Kumar VERMA sudhir singh bhadauria Saleem AKHTAR Civil Engineering Department University Institute of TechnologyRajiv Gandhi Technological UniversityBHOPAL Madhya Pradesh 462036India S.G.S.Institute of Technology and Science INDORE Madhya Pradesh 452003India

Corrosion of reinforced concrete(RC)structures is one of the significant causes of deterioration of reinforced concrete(RC)*** is a major process governing the initiation and advancement of the injurious corrosion of steel ***,several researches on the chlorination of concrete structures have been ongoing around the *** article reviews several recently performed chlorination studies,and from results of a field survey evaluates the effect of chloride content on the probability of corrosion and the influence of concrete compressive strength on the chloride content and penetration,also evaluates the effect of concrete cover over the chloride content of the RC structures at rebar depth and on the probability of corrosion.

关键词： concrete chloride reinforcement corrosion deterioration cover

Geochemical Modelling of Fluoride Concentration in Hard Rock Terrain of Madhya Pradesh, India

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第5期87卷 1421-1433页

作者： Jay Krishna THAKUR Prafull singh sudhir Kumar singh Bijendra BHAGHEL Thakur International & Investment (P) Ltd. Amity Institute of Geo-Informatics and Remote Sensing (AIGIRS) Amity University K.Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies IIDS University of Allahabad Department of Earth Sciences Barkatullah University

The aim of the present study is to locate and decipher the groundwater quality, types, and hydrogeochemicai reactions, which are responsible for elevated concentration of fluoride in the Chhindwara district in Madhya Pradesh, India. Groundwater samples, quality data and other ancillary information were collected for 26 villages in the Chhindwara District, M.P. India during May 2006. The saturation index was computed for the selected samples in the region, which suggest that generally most of the minerals are saturated with respect to water. The concentration of fluoride in the region varies from 0.6 to 4.74 rag/l, which is much higher as per the national and international water quality standards. The study also reveals that the fluoride bearing rock formations are the main source of the higher concentration of fluoride in groundwater along with the conjuncture of land use change. Moreover, the area is a hard rock terrain and consists of fractured granites and amygdaloidal and highly jointed compact basalt acting as good aquifer, which is probably enriching the high content of fluoride in groundwater. High concentration of fluoride is found in deeper level of groundwater and it is possible due to rock-water interaction, which requires further detailed investigation. The highly alkaline conditions indicate fluorite dissolution, which works as a major process for higher concentration of fluoride in the study area. The results of this study will ultimately help in the identification of risk areas and taking measures to mitigate negative impacts related to fluoride pollution and toxicity.

关键词： Fluoride rock-water interaction saturation index Madhya Pradesh India

Dynamics of land use change in a mining area:a case study of Nadowli District,Ghana

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第4期13卷 633-642页

作者： Laari Prosper BASOMMI GUAN Qing-feng CHENG Dan-dan sudhir Kumar singh School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Department of Environment and Resource Studies UDS School of Information Engineering China University of Geosciences National Engineering Research Center of GIS China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences K.Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies IIDSNehru Science CentreUniversity of Allahabad

In a developing country like Ghana, the study of land use and land cover change(LULCC) based on satellite imageries still remains a challenge due to cost, resolution and availability with less skilled man power. Existing researches are skewed towards the southerly part of Ghana thereby leaving the Northern sectors uncovered. The maximum likelihood classification(MLC) algorithm was employed for the LULCC between 2000 and 2014 in Nadowli: an area characterized by an upsurge in mining in the Northern belt of Ghana. A spatial-social approach was utilized combining both satellite imagery and socio economic data. Land use transition matrix, land use integrated index/degree indices was used to depict the characters of the change. A semi structured interview, pair wise ranking and key informant interviews were used to correlate the socio economic impact of the different LULC. Overall changes in the landscape showed an increase in bare ground by 19.22%, open savannah by 16.8% whereas closed savanna decreased by 50%. Land use change matrix showed increasing trends of bare ground at the expense of vegetation. The integrated land use index highlighted the bare ground and built up areas rising with a decreasing closed vegetation woodlot. Large farm size are shrinking whiles majority of the people view mining as the main socio economic activity affecting the environment and the reduction in vegetation. This study therefore provides a strategic guide and a baseline data for land use policy actors in the Northern belt of Ghana. This will aid in developing models for future land use change implications in surrounding areas where mining is on the rise.

关键词： Land use Mining Vegetation Satellite imagery Maximum likelihood algorithm

Thermal and Oxygen Barrier Properties of Chitosan Bionanocomposites by Reinforcement of Calcium Carbonate Nanopowder

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第8期30卷 791-795页

作者： Sarat K. Swain Satyabrata Dash sudhir K. Kisku Rajesh K. singh Department of Chemistry Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologyBurlaSambalpur 768018India Department of Chemistry North Orissa UniversityTakatpurBaripada 757003India

Chitosan and calcium carbonate nanopowder（chitosan/CaCO3） bionanocomposites were prepared by solution *** between chitosan and CaCO3 was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）.Structure and surface morphology of chitosan/CaCO3 bionanocomposites were investigated by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）,*** energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS） of chitosan/CaCO3 bionanocomposites was studied in order to establish the elements of *** stability of prepared bionanocomposites was studied by thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and a substantial increase of thermal stability of virgin chitosan was noticed due to incorporation of CaCO3 *** oxygen permeability was reduced by three times as compared to the raw chitosan due to the dispersion of nano CaCO3 *** and resistance towards dilute acid and alkali of the prepared bionanocomposite were *** bionanocomposite having gas barrier and thermal stable property may be suitable for packaging and biomedical applications.

关键词： Chitosan Nanocomposites Thermal properties Oxygen permeability

Rare case of superior vesical fissure with hypospadias:variants of classic bladder exstrophy

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第2期6卷 121-122页

作者： sudhir singh Jiledar Rawat Nitin Pant Pediatric Surgery King George's Medical UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia

Rare variants of bladder exstrophy are pseudo-exstrophy,covered exstrophy,duplicate exstrophy,superior vesical fissure,visceral sequestration,and omphalocele,exstrophy of the cloaca,imperforate anus,and spinal defects *** comprise 10%of all cases of the exstrophy-epispadias complex.1 Here,we managed a 1-year-old male child who presented with a 2.5 cm diameter mucosal opening in the hypogastric region,draining urine through it.

关键词： bladder trophy urine

Potential of Essential Oils as Alternative Permeation Enhancers for Transdermal Delivery

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第3期9卷 258-269页

作者： Jayshree Mahanty Sofi Haamid Rasheed sudhir Kumar Harjeet singh Alok Sharma Department of Pharmacognosy ISF College of PharmacyMogaPunjab CCRAS Ministry of AYUSHJhansiUttar PradeshIndia

Transdermal drug delivery plays a significant part in the drug delivery system when compared to other routes of drug *** function of the stratum corneum(SC)is a ***,numerous methods have been thrived to improve the perforation of drugs across the *** most effective method is to use enhancers since these agents enhance skin *** penetration enhancers like essential oils demonstrate higher enhancement activity and are more widely accepted than synthetic penetration *** potential in the expansion and interaction with the SC intercellular lipids has led to an increasing interest in these oils as penetration *** article gives an overview of a few essential oils,including their mode of action and important parameters for permeation *** present work can provide essential oils as alternative enhancers,and this could be useful in transdermal administration.

关键词： Essential oil natural permeation enhancers skin stratum corneum transdermal drug delivery

Bioactive peptides in fermented foods and their application:a critical review

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2023年第1期3卷 88-109页

作者： Rounak Chourasia Loreni Chiring Phukon Md Minhajul Abedin Srichandan Padhi sudhir P.singh Amit Kumar Rai Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development(DBT‑IBSD) Regional CentreTadongSikkimIndia Centre of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing(DBT-CIAB) Sector‑81S.A.S.NagarMohaliPunjabIndia Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development(DBT-IBSD) Mizoram NodeAizawlMizoramIndia

Bioactive peptides are released during the production of fermented dairy,vegetables,fruits,legumes,fish,and meat *** proteolytic specificity of lactic acid bacteria,Bacillus spp.,yeasts,and mold,apart from their ability to synthesize bioactive peptides,plays an important role in the generation of specific bioactive peptides in traditional fermented *** fermentation using defined starter strains has been explored for the development of bioactive peptides enriched novel fermented foods with potential *** peptides enriched foods exert diverse health benefits,such as antioxidant,antihypertensive,antidiabetic,and immunomodulatory *** peptides can be used as alternatives to synthetic compounds due to negligible side effects and high valuation in the nutraceutical and functional food ***,challenges associated with the identification,quantification,organoleptic properties,and bioavailability of bioac-tive peptides need to be addressed before exploiting the potential of bioactive peptides in the functional food *** the present review,we have discussed the production of bioactive peptides in diverse fermented *** and sequence specificity of peptides and their effect on the expression of distinct health beneficial effects have been *** potential of utilizing these bioactive peptides for the development of novel functional fermented foods is *** advances in peptide identification,quantification,debittering of peptides,and increasing peptide bioavailability have been explained.

关键词： Bioactive peptides Fermented foods Health benefits Nutraceuticals Functional foods Bioavailability

Distinct Role of Core Promoter Architecture in Regulation of Light-Mediated Responses in Plant Genes

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Molecular Plant 2014年第4期7卷 626-641页

作者： Rakesh Srivastava Krishan Mohan Rai Meenal Srivastava Verandra Kumar Bindu Pandey sudhir P. singh Sumit K. Bag Brahma Deo singh Rakesh Tuli Samir V. Sawant Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Division CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute Rana Pratap Marg Lucknow-226001 (U.R) India School of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (DBT) C-127 Industrial Area Phase VIII Mohali India Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research New Delhi India

In the present study, we selected four distinct classes of light-regulated promoters. The light-regulated promoters can be distinctly grouped into either TATA-box-containing or TATA-less （initiator-containing） promoters. Further, using either native promoters or their swapped versions of core promoter elements, we established that TATA-box and Inr （Initiator） elements have distinct mechanisms which are involved in light-mediated regulation, and these elements are not swappable. We identified that mutations in either functional TATA-box or Inr elements lead to the formation of nucleosomal structure. The nucleotide diversity in either the TATA-box or Inr element in Arabidopsis ecotypes proposes that the nucleotide variation in core promoters can alter the gene expression. We show that motif overrepresentation in light-activated promoters encompasses different specific regulatory motifs present downstream of TSS （transcription start site）, and this might serve as a key factor in regulating light promoters which are parallel with these elements. Finally, we conclude that the TATA-box or Inr element does not act in isolation, but our results clearly suggests the probable involvement of other distinct core promoter elements in concurrence with the TATA-box or Inr element to impart selectivity to light-mediated transcription.

关键词： TATA-box initiator element nucleosome cis-regulatory elements nucleotide polymorphism light transcription.

Assessment of long-term climate variability and its impact on the decadal growth of horticultural crops in central India

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 862-889页

作者： Gaurav Sharma Amita Sharma Nishant Kumar Sinha Om Prakash Sharma Ashutosh singh Ajai Kumar Pandey Abhishek Kumar sudhir Kumar Trivedi Bharti Sao Mukesh Kumar Sahu College of Horticulture and Forestry Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural UniversityJhansiUttar Pradesh 284003India Department of Environmental Science Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi VishwavidyalayaGwaliorMadhya Pradesh 474002India Division of Soil Physics Indian Institute of Soil ScienceBhopalMadhya Pradesh 462038India Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture Indira Gandhi Krishi VishwavidyalayaRaipurChhattisgarh 492012India

Background:The impact of climate change on horticultural production is of utmost concern *** such vulnerable region of horticultural importance is the Madhya Pradesh state in the central part of *** is crucial to analyse the long-term trend in climatic variations and its effect on horticultural crop ***,this study focuses on detecting trends in mean annual precipitation and temperature of 115 years for the 15 districts covering all the regions of the state as well as projections of all the Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)climatic scenarios for 2050 and 2080 of Madhya Pradesh *** decadal(2010–2020)insight into the area and production of horticultural crops is undertaken which will help forecasting the future growth *** a better insight,case study on four horticultural crops is undertaken to assess their decadal growth trend vis-à-vis climate parameters in these 15 ***:The Mann–Kendall test for 1901–2016 and Sen’s slope indicated a non-significant change in long-term trend for precipitation except for increasing change in Khargone and decreasing change in Rewa ***-cant increasing trend of average temperature is obtained for Hoshangabad,Jabalpur,Sagar and Rewa *** Sen’s slope indicated an increase of 0.005 to 0.009℃for maximum temperature and 0.005 to 0.012℃for minimum temperature *** projections of all the RCP climate scenarios for the years 2050 and 2080 indicated non-significant variation in precipitation but an increase in maximum(1.4 to 4.1℃)and minimum(1.45 to 4.65℃)annual *** increasing trend in area and production for horticultural crops is also observed in central India for the study *** is yield increase in all the crops selected in case study except for potato,which recorded a decreased yield between the years 2010–***:The Mann–Kendall test and projections indicate towards climate change with a temperature *** the decad

关键词： Climate change Horticulture Madhya Pradesh Precipitation Temperature Trend analysis