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Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Trauma in Pediatric and Adolescent Population: An Institutional Experience of 6 Years

Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第6期12卷 277-287页

作者： Noaman Kazi Pallavi Ranadive suday rajurkar Ankit Sharma Mohan Deshpande Snehal Ingole Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery M. A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre Pune India Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Nair Hospital Dental College Mumbai India Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Nagpur India Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Pacific Dental College Udaiur India

Introduction: Facial fractures are uncommon injuries in children. Pediatric maxillofacial fractures constitute 1% to 15% of all facial fractures, but show different clinical features when compared with adult patients. Worldwide, the major causes of fractures in children are accidents, falls, violence, and sports- related accidents. Facial trauma in children may result in injury to the facial growth centers, leading to subsequent developmental abnormalities in the injured area. Patients & Methods: Data of pediatric and adolescent patients (0 - 17 years), with a history of trauma, has been compiled over a period of 6 years. History, clinical and radiographic data records were analyzed. Compilation was done in the following categories;age and sex distribution, etiology, site of trauma and associated soft tissue injuries were recorded. The treatment rendered has also been mentioned. Results: A total of 340 patient records were assessed. Demographic data, etiology, type of fracture, associated injury and treatment rendered were recorded. It was found that males (54.7%) were more frequently affected than females (45.3%). Incidence of trauma was more in children belonging to the pre-school age group (38.5%) and the most common etiology was sports-related injuries (43.8%). Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common type (58.5%) of fractures seen in the patients. Most of the patients were managed by conservative treatment (35%) or closed reduction (48%), while a few required open reduction (7.9%). Conclusion: It is felt that this data will be useful in determining the pattern and etiology of maxillofacial trauma in pediatric patients in an Indian setting. Additionally, an outline of the treatment plan in different types of fractures is also summarized.

关键词： Maxillofacial Trauma Pediatric Trauma Open Reduction Closed Reduction Mandibular Fractures

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