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Microfiltration,ultrafiltration and nanofiltration as a post-treatment of biological treatment process with references to oil field produced water of Moran oilfield of Assam

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 143-154页

作者： Amarjit Rajbongshi subrata Borgohain Gogoi Brahmaputra Valley Fertilizer Corporation Limited NamrupAssamIndia Department of Petroleum Technology Dibrugarh UniversityAssamIndia

The selection of an apt technology for the treatment of Oilfield Produced Water(OFPW)depends mainly on the quality of OFPW and methods of pre-and post-treatment *** most challenging part of the OFPW treatment process is the removal of Suspended Solid(SS),Oil&Grease(O&G)and dissolved *** and O&G pose an acute problem to the membrane filtration system by fouling the membrane surface which increases operation&maintenance costs and decreases the life of the *** of the membrane surface is mainly attributed to the presence of low molecular weight aromatic compounds and naphthenic acids in the suspended and dissolved organic ***,the removal of these suspended and dissolved organic compounds before membrane filtration proffers a challenge to the *** this research,bioremediation process has been applied to remove the organic compounds and the performance and fouling behaviour of hollow fibre Microfiltration(MF),Ultrafiltration(UF)and Nanofiltration(NF)membranes after the bioremediation process has been analyzed in *** level of toxicity was determined by comparing the pollutants with the safe discharge limit for disposal into the environment set by Central Pollution Control Board(CPCB),*** research presents its novelty by using a hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria,Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the Reduction of Organic Loads(ROL)from OFPW of Moran oil field of Upper Assam as a pre-treatment to membrane *** Total Sum Corrected Area(TSCA)method through chromatographic analyses was used for *** organic loads removal from OFPW by the TSCA method was found to be 67-100%,100%and 100%after 7,14 and 21 days of bioremediation *** major parameters in feed OFPW of Moran oil field were found to be pH(7.5-9.3),Total Dissolved Solid(TDS)(1.79-4.75)ppt,O&G(1.78-2.8)ppt,Salinity(2.94-6.98)ppt,Chloride(Cl^(-))(1.6-3.86)ppt,Bicarbonate(HCO_(3)^(-))(2.89-4.03)*** was observed that the ranges of pollutants

关键词： Oilfield produced water Organic compounds Bioremediation Membrane filtration Membrane fouling

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Cardiac resident macrophages: Spatiotemporal distribution, development, physiological functions, and their translational potential on cardiac diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1483-1493页

作者： Jing Jin Yurou Wang Yueqin Liu subrata Chakrabarti Zhaoliang Su International Genome Center Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Institute for Medical Immunology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Center Laboratory the Fourth People's Hospital of ZhenjiangZhenjiang 212008China Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western UniversityLondonOntario N6A 5C1Canada

Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are the main population of cardiac immune cells. The role of these cells in regeneration, functional remodeling, and repair after cardiac injury is always the focus of research. However, in recent years, their dynamic changes and contributions in physiological states have a significant attention. CRMs have specific phenotypes and functions in different cardiac chambers or locations of the heart and at different stages. They further show specific differentiation and development processes. The present review will summarize the new progress about the spatiotemporal distribution, potential developmental regulation, and their roles in cardiac development and aging as well as the translational potential of CRMs on cardiac diseases. Of course, the research tools for CRMs, their respective advantages and disadvantages, and key issues on CRMs will further be discussed.

关键词： Cardiac resident macrophages Spatiotemporal distribution Cardiac development Cardiac homeostasis Physiological functions Research tools Clinical translation Transcriptional characteristics

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Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2112-2126页

作者： Maria Fay Rola-Rubzen Mohammad Jahangir Alam Jon Marx Sarmiento Ismat Ara Begum Al Amin Al Abbasi subrata Saha UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia Department of Agribusiness and Marketing Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural *** inclusiveness also leads to gender *** empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in *** consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total *** capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset *** test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model *** 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression *** find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural ***,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

关键词： rural transformation Bangladesh gender inclusiveness investments on women

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Assessment of BRRI Whole Feed Combine Harvester (Model BRRI WCH2021) for Mechanized Rice Harvesting in Bangladesh

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 274-291页

作者： Arafat Ullah Khan Akm Saiful Islam Md. Kamruzzaman Pintu subrata Paul Md. Durrul Huda Md. Anwar Hossen Md. Monirul Islam Md. Moudud Ahmmed Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur Bangladesh Workshop Machinery & Maintenance Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur Bangladesh

Agricultural mechanization plays a pivotal role in the transition from subsistence to commercial agriculture, with a particular focus on labour-intensive activities like harvesting. This study assesses the operational characteristics of the BRRI Whole Feed Combine Harvester (Model BRRI WCH2021) at the field level. Developed under the SFMRA project, the harvester’s technical performance and loss assessment were conducted during the Boro 2022 and Aman 2022 seasons in farmer fields in Bangladesh’s Rangpur region. The field efficiency of the harvester was determined to be 62.5% and 57.9% in the Boro and Aman seasons, respectively. Fuel consumption rates were recorded at 2.77 l/ha and 2.31 l/ha for the Boro and Aman seasons. The total harvesting losses, encompassing cutter bar, shatter, cylinder, and separation loss, averaged 0.56% and 0.48% in the Boro and Aman seasons, respectively. Mechanized harvesting with the BRRI Whole Feed Combine Harvester significantly reduced paddy losses by 5.81% compared to manual methods. The field evaluation results indicate the combine harvester’s satisfactory performance, highlighting its potential to alleviate labour demands during peak harvesting. The development of the BRRI WCH offers a sustainable solution for rice harvesting mechanization among progressive farmers. It paves the way for the broader adoption of advanced agricultural technology in Bangladesh.

关键词： BRRI Whole Feed Combine Harvester Field Efficiency Fuel Consumption Harvesting Loss

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Seismic fragility analysis of bridges by relevance vector machine based demand prediction model

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第1期21卷 253-268页

作者： Swarup Ghosh subrata Chakraborty Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrah 711103India

A relevance vector machine(RVM)based demand prediction model is explored for efficient seismic fragility analysis(SFA)of a bridge *** proposed RVM model integrates both record-to-record variations of ground motions and uncertainties of parameters characterizing the bridge *** efficient fragility computation,ground motion intensity is included as an added dimension to the demand prediction *** incorporate different sources of uncertainty,random realizations of different structural parameters are generated using Latin hypercube sampling *** fragility,along with its dispersions,is estimated based on the log-normal fragility model for different critical components of a *** effectiveness of the proposed RVM model-based SFA of a bridge structure is elucidated numerically by comparing it with fragility results obtained by the commonly used SFA approaches,while considering the most accurate direct Monte Carlo simulation-based fragility estimates as the *** proposed RVM model provides a more accurate estimate of fragility than conventional approaches,with significantly less computational *** addition,the proposed model provides a measure of uncertainty in fragility estimates by constructing confidence intervals for the fragility curves.

关键词： bridge structure seismic fragility analysis seismic demand model relevance vector machine

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Scope for improved properties of dissimilar joints of ferrous and non-ferrous metals

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第7期27卷 1517-1529页

作者： Gopinath THIRUNAVUKARASU subrata CHATTERJEE Sukumar KUNDU Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrah 711103India

Dissimilar joints(DSJs)of ferrous and non-ferrous metals have huge technological importance in the frontiers of newdesigns in new machineries and improved design of conventional *** investigation was undertaken to improve mechanicalproperties of joints of two dissimilar metals:one is Ti-based and the other is *** were processed using bonding pressurefrom1to9MPa in step of2MPa at750°C *** of the DSJs of these two metals using different mechanisms andmethods were compared with the present research for *** results from the diffusion bonding mechanism forjoining the dissimilar metals validated the improvement in *** mechanical properties of dissimilar-metals joints wereachieved mainly due to the third non-ferrous metallic foil,Ni of^200-?m thickness,which avoided the formation of brittleFe-Ti-based intermetallics in the diffusion *** processed are able to achieve maximum strength of^560MPa along withsubstantial ductility of^11.9%,which is the best ever reported in the literatures so *** hardening effect was detected in theDSJs when the bonding was processed at5MPa and *** ratio of the non-ferrous metal(Ti-based)was much higher thanthat of the ferrous metal(SS)of the DSJs *** analysis was carried out to know the details of reaction zone,while XRDwas carried out to support the SEM *** for change in mechanical,physical,and fracture properties of the DSJs with theprocess parameter variations were clarified.

关键词： diffusion welding titanium alloy stainless steel nickel interlayer tensile strength fractograph

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Effect of fish oil enriched enteral diet on inflammatory bowel disease tissues in organ culture: Differential effects on ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第47期11卷 7466-7472页

作者： Doris Meister subrata Ghosh Gastrointestinal Unit University of EdinburghWestern General HospitalEdinburgh EH4 2XUUnited Kingdom

AIM： To investigate the influence of fish oil enriched enteral diet on intestinal tissues taken from Crohn＇s disease （CD）, ulcerative colitis （UC） and non-inflamed non-IBD control patients in vitro. METHODS： Colonoscopic biopsies from patients with active CD （n = 4）, active UC （n = 7）, and non-inflamed non-IBD control patients （n = 4） were incubated （three dilutions of 1：20, 1：10, and 1：5） with Waymouth＇s culture medium and enteral elemental diet （EO28, SHS, Liverpool, UK） modified in the fatty acid composition with fish oil （EF） in an organ culture system for 24 h. In each experimental set-up, incubation with Waymouth＇s medium alone as control was included. Tissue viability was assessed by adding bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） to the culture fluid and immunohistochemically staining for BrdU uptake. Cytokine ratio of IL-1ra/IL-1β （low ratio indicative of inflammation） and production of those cytokines as a percentage of medium control were assayed in the culture supernatant. RESULTS： Incubation of CD-affected tissue with EF （1：20, 1：10, and 1：5） modestly and non-significantly increased IL-1ra/IL-1β ratio as compared with medium control （CD 39.1±16.1; 26.5±7.8, 47.1±16.8 vs control 13.0±2.2）, but incubation of UC-affected tissues increased IL-1ra/IL-1β ratio significantly in all three dilutions （UC 69.1±32.2, P〈0.05; 76.1±36.4, P = 0.05; 84.5±37.3, P〈0.02; vs control 10.2±3.7）. Incubation of non-inflamed non-IBD control tissue did not increase the IL-1ra/IL-1β ratio in any dilution compared to medium control （69.3±47.0, 54.1±30.6, 79.4±34.0 vs control 76.1±37.3）. Average percentage production of IL-1β indexed against medium control was significantly less in UC after EF incubation as compared with CD （UC 24.0±4.8 vs CD 51.8±8.1; P〈0.05）. Average percentage production of IL-tra was markedly higher in UC （135.9±3.4） than that in control patients （36.5±4.3）（p〈0.0001）. CONCLUSION： IBD tissues, after incubation with elemental diet modified in its fatty acid composition wi

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease ω-3 fatty acids Cytokine ratio IL-1ra/IL-1β In vitro

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Nonlinear thermomechanical deformation behaviour of P-FGM shallow spherical shell panel

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2016年第1期29卷 173-183页

作者： Vishesh Ranjan Kar subrata Kumar Panda Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology

In the present article, the linear and the nonlinear deformation behaviour of functionally graded （FG） spherical shell panel are examined under thermomechanical load. The temperature- dependent effective material properties of FG shell panel are evaluated using Voigt＇s micro-mechanical rule in conjunction with power-law distribution. The nonlinear mathematical model of the FG shell panel is developed based on higher-order shear deformation theory and Green-Lagrange type geometrical nonlinearity. The desired nonlinear governing equation of the FG shell panel is computed using the variational principle. The model is discretised through suitable nonlinear finite element steps and solved using direct iterative method. The convergence and the val- idation behaviour of the present numerical model are performed to show the efficacy of the model. The effect of different parameters on the nonlinear deformation behaviour of FG spherical shell panel is highlighted by solving numerous examples.

关键词： Functionally graded mate-rial Green-Lagrange Higher-order Nonlinear deformation Temperature-dependent

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Analytics of an Imperfect Four-Layer Production Inventory Model Under Two-Level Credit Period Using Branch-and-Bound Technique

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2022年第4期10卷 725-748页

作者： subrata Panja Shyamal Kumar Mondal Department of Applied Mathematics with Oceanology and Computer Programming Vidyasagar UniversityMidnaporeW.B.721102India

This paper explains an integrated production inventory supply chain model,which consists of a supplier,a manufacturer and a retailer under two-level credit *** is manufacturer’s credit period offered by the supplier,and other is retailer’s credit period offered by the ***,the manufacturer replenishes raw materials from the supplier and produces non-deteriorating products in some cycles of equal *** is noted that here four inventory structures have been considered to show the flow of the materials as either raw materials or finished products from supplier to retailer via *** in this model,manufacturer’s imperfect production has been *** imperfect items are not *** retailer receives good finished products from the manufacturer and sells these to his/her customers during some cycles of equal length in total time *** main objective is to find the optimal number of production and business cycles of the manufacturer such that the integrated system can get the maximum *** above discussed model is elaborated with the help of a numerical example,and a sensitivity analysis is done with respect to some parameters used in this model.

关键词： Supply chain Integrated production inventory Four-layer inventory system Imperfect production Two-level credit period

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SST-1 Refurbishment Progress: an Update

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第2期15卷 137-141页

作者： subrata PRADHAN SST-1 Mission Team Institute for Plasma Research Bhat Gandhinagar-382 428 India

Refurbishment of steady state tokamak （SST-1） primarily focused at addressing the issues and bottle-necks involving various subsystems of SST-1 as observed during earlier commis- sioning attempts, have progressed significantly. Under the refurbishment spectrum, all joints in the superconducting magnet system have been re-fabricated as low DC leak tight joint resistances, all toroidal field （TF） magnets have been equipped with 5 K radiation shields on the inner side and successfully tested for their rated parameters in cold under nominal currents, all vessel sectors and modules have been baked and tested under representative conditions, supporting helium and ni- trogen cryogenic facilities have been made 〉 99% reliable in various envisaged operating scenarios of SST-1. The reassemblies of the critical subsystems of the SST-1 machine shell have progressed aggressively and are nearing completion. Auxiliaries such as the baking facility for the vacuum vessel and first wall components, current leads assembly distributions, synchronized timing sys- tem, reliable data acquisition and plasma control systems as well as essential diagnostics have also been readied towards the first plasma. A detailed engineering validation of the assembled SST-1 machine shell including field error measurements has been planned prior to first plasma attempts.

关键词： cryogenic system field error magnet system SST-1 vacuum system

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