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A Perspective on Traffic Measurement Tools in Wireless Networks

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2010年第1期1卷 14-19页

作者： ramesh Babu H. siddamallaiah Gowrishankar subramanian Piriyapatna s. satyanarayana 不详

To understand the characteristics of the wireless networks, the network usage data from wireless measurement tools are essential. The data collection is a process of collecting the network time-varying information in standardized format and from standard interfaces. The characteristics include signal propagation, received signal quality, network traffic, active applications and mobility of the mobile terminal (MT). The purpose of the measurement is to collect vital data of the wireless network. There are several tools available for this purpose. The most widely used network measurement tools are client side measurement tool, syslog, simple Network Management protocol (sNMP), network sniffing, wireless sniffing. This paper discusses the different wireless measurement tools and their benefits and limitation these tools.

关键词： sNMP Wireless sniffing syslog Network sniffing Wireless Networks

Unified Performance and Availability Model for Call Admission Control in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

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International Journal of Communications, Network and system sciences 2010年第4期3卷 406-412页

作者： ramesh Babu H. siddamallaiah Gowrishankar subramanian Piriyapatna s. satyanarayana 不详

The system capacity of wireless networks varies temporally. This may be due to the dynamic allocation of the channels and also the mobility of the users. The change in capacity will create greater impact on the system performance parameters. This variation of capacity particularly poses a greater challenge to the research community to ensure the Quality of service (Qos) as it affects the call blocking probability which is one of the important Qos parameters. This paper proposes a performance model for call admission control and the availability model for a heterogeneous wireless network environment. The proposed model is able to handle three types of traffic considered for the study includes conversation traffic, interactive traffic and background traffic. The unified performance-availability model is developed using the stochastic Area Networks (sAN). The performance of both analytical models and the sAN based performance-capacity models are verified by taking the call blocking probabilities for all the three types of traffics.

关键词： Call Admission Control Call Blocking Probability Heterogeneous Wireless Networks stochastic Activity Networks Quality of service

Antibacterial activity of starfish stellaster equestris from southeast Coast of India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2013年第3期 210-216页

作者： kolandhasamy Prabhu subramanian Bragadeeswaran Centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608503India

Objective:To isolate and characterize the antibacterial compounds from starfish stellaster equestris(***).Methods:The whole body was extracted with high polar and medium polar solvents such as methanol and *** antibacterial activity has been tested against human bacterial pathogens using standard disc diffusion ***:The starfish *** was collected from Mudasalodai,southeast coast of *** maximum zone inhibition[(9.7±0.3)mm]against Escherichia coli(***)and Vibrioparahaemolyticus at 100%concentration and minimum was staphylococcus aureus[(4.0±0.6)mm].The crude ethanol extract showed maximum zone of inhibition in ***[(9.70±0.33)mm]and the lowest concentration exhibited the minimum inhibition activity against all bacterial *** fractions showed the maximum inhibition zone in klebsiella oxytoca(5.00±0.82 mm),salmonella typhi(***)(5.00±0.82)and staphylococcus aureus[(3.0±2.3)mm].One way ANOVA analysis of antibacterial activity showed no significant difference at 0.05%level(P>0.05).The crude ethanol extract showed the minimum inhibitory concentration against ***(100%),klebsiella pneumoniae The present investigation exhibited that the crude methanol extract showed the minimum inhibitory concentration against klebsiella pneumonia,Proteus mirabilis,***,staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholerae at 100%whereas *** was at 75%*** bacterial growth was observed against klebsiella oxytoca at 100%***:(75%),***(100%)and Vibrio cholerae(100%).The fraction exhibited equestris have remarkable antimicrobial activities against human bacterial *** fraction has been characterised by using GC-Ms and ^(1)H and ^(13)NMr spectroscopy *** result of the present study indicates that the crude and fractions of starfish s.

关键词： Pathogens starfish MIC Polar solvents Fraction Characterised

Functional Analysis of semi-conserved Transit Peptide Motifs and Mechanistic Implications in Precursor Targeting and recognition

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Molecular Plant 2016年第9期9卷 1286-1301页

作者： kristen Holbrook Chitra subramanian Prakitchai Chotewutmontri L. Evan reddick sarah Wright Huixia Zhang Lily Moncrief Barry D. Bruce Department of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program in Plant Physiology and Genetics Graduate school of Genome science and Technology Department of Botany Department of BotanyUniversity of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Present address: Department of Infectious Disease St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN 38105 USA Present address: Institute of Molecular Biology University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403 USA present address: Department of Microbiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard Dallas TX 75390 USA Present address: Albert r. Mann Library Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA present address: U.s. Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Silver Spring MD 20993 USA

Over 95% of plastid proteins are nuclear-encoded as their precursors containing an N-terminal extension known as the transit peptide （TP）. Although highly variable, TPs direct the precursors through a conserved, posttranslational mechanism involving translocons in the outer （TOC） and inner envelope （TOC）. The organelle import specificity is mediated by one or more components of the Toc complex. However, the high TP diversity creates a paradox on how the sequences can be specifically recognized. An emerging model of TP design is that they contain multiple loosely conserved motifs that are recognized at different steps in the targeting and transport process. Bioinformatics has demonstrated that many TPs contain semiconserved physicochemical motifs, termed FGLk. In order to characterize FGLk motifs in TP recognition and import, we have analyzed two well-studied TPs from the precursor of ruBisCO small subunit （sstp） and ferredoxin （Fdtp）. Both sstp and Fdtp contain two FGLk motifs. Analysis of large set mutations （-85） in these two motifs using in vitro, in organello, and in vivo approaches support a model in which the FGLk domains mediate interaction with TOC34 and possibly other TOC components. In vivo import analysis suggests that multiple FGLk motifs are functionally redundant. Furthermore, we discuss how FGLk motifs are required for efficient precursor protein import and how these elements may permit a convergent function of this highly variable class of targeting sequences.

关键词： chloroplast biology protein translocation Toc34 transit peptide cell biology

Exploring the impact of high density planting system and deficit irrigation in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.):a comprehensive review

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Journal of Cotton research 2024年第3期7卷 302-317页

作者： MANIBHArATHI sekar sOMAsUNDArAM selvaraj PArAsUrAMAN Panneerselvam subramanian Alagesan rAVICHANDrAN Veerasamy MANIkANDA BOOPATHI Narayanan Department of Agronomy Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India Cotton research station Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityPerambalurTamil Nadu621116India Department of Cotton Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India Department of Crop Physiology Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India Department of Plant Biotechnology Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India

Lessons learned from past experiences push for an alternate way of crop *** India,adopting high density planting system(HDPs)to boost cotton yield is becoming a growing *** has recently been considered a replacement for the current Indian production *** is also suitable for mechanical harvesting,which reducing labour costs,increasing input use efficiency,timely harvesting timely,maintaining cotton quality,and offering the potential to increase productivity and *** technology has become widespread in globally cotton growing *** management is critical for the success of high density cotton *** to the problem of freshwater availability,more crops should be produced per drop of *** the high-density planting system,optimum water application is essential to control excessive vegetative growth and improve the translocation of photoassimilates to reproductive *** irrigation is a tool to save water without compromising *** the same time,it consumes less water than the normal evapotranspiration of *** review comprehensively documents the importance of growing cotton under a high-density planting system with deficit *** on the current research and combined with cotton production reality,this review discusses the application and future development of deficit irrigation,which may provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable advancement of cotton planting systems.

关键词： Deficit irrigation High density planting system Ultra narrow row Cost saving Mechanical harvesting Yield optimization

Bulk Growth and Characterization of D-(–)-Alanine single Crystals

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology 2013年第4期3卷 130-135页

作者： kalimuthu Moovendaran subramanian Natarajan school of Physics Madurai Kamaraj University Madurai India.

single crystal of D-(–)-alanine (DALA), a non-linear optical material from the amino acid family was grown using a home-made crystal growth setup. The crystals of DALA were also grown by slow evaporation solution technique (sEsT). The grown crystals were characterized by using single crystal X-ray diffraction, high resolution X-ray diffraction (HrXrD) and UV-vis-NIr and CD spectroscopy. Measurements of Vicker’s microhardness, laser damage threshold (LDT) value and second harmonic generation (sHG) efficiency are also reported. Thermal and dielectric studies were also carried out.

关键词： D-(–)-Alanine NLO Material MkN setup HrXrD CD sHG

solving Level scheduling in Mixed Model Assembly Line by simulated Annealing Method

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Circuits and systems 2016年第6期7卷 907-931页

作者： senthilkumar ramalingam ramkumar Anna subramanian Maharani Polytechnic College Dharapuram India Maharaja Prithvi Engineering College Coimbatore India

This paper presents an application of the simulated annealing algorithm to solve level schedules in mixed model assembly line. solving production sequences with both number of setups and material usage rates to the minimum rate will optimize the level schedule. Miltenburg algorithm (1989) is first used to get seed sequence to optimize further. For this the utility time of the line and setup time requirement on each station is considered. This seed sequence is optimized by simulated annealing. This investigation helps to understand the importance of utility in the assembly line. Up to 15 product sequences are taken and constructed by using randomizing method and find the objective function value for this. For a sequence optimization, a meta-heuristic seems much more promising to guide the search into feasible regions of the solution space. simulated annealing is a stochastic local search meta-heuristic, which bases the acceptance of a modified neighboring solution on a probabilistic scheme inspired by thermal processes for obtaining low-energy states in heat baths. Experimental results show that the simulated annealing approach is favorable and competitive compared to Miltenburg’s constructive algorithm for the problems set considered. It is proposed to found 16,985 solutions, the time taken for computation is 23.47 to 130.35, and the simulated annealing improves 49.33% than Miltenberg.

关键词： Mixed Model Assembly Line Level schedule sequence Just-in-Time Manufacturing simulated Annealing

Galvanic Interactions of 15CDV6/MDN138 & 15CDV6/MDN250 Alloys in Natural seawater

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Journal of Marine science and Application 2019年第2期18卷 239-245页

作者： P.ramakrishna rao G.T.Parthiban G.subramanian k.Muthuraman Defence research Development Laboratory Hyderabad 500 058India CsIr-Central Electrochemical research Institute Karaikudi 630 003India Corrosion Testing Centre CSIR-CECRI UnitMandapam Camp 623 519India

The galvanic corrosion behavior of the metal combinations 15CDV6/MDN138 and 15CDV6/MDN250,with 1:1 area ratio,has been studied in natural seawater using the open well facility of CECrI’s Offshore Platform at Tuticorin for a *** open circuit potentials of MDN138,MDN250,and 15CDV6 of the individual metal,the galvanic potential and galvanic current of the couples 15CDV6/MDN138 and 15CDV6/MDN250,were periodically monitored throughout the study *** calcareous deposits on MDN138 and MDN250 in galvanic contact with 15CDV6 were analyzed using *** electrochemical behavior of MDN138,MDN250,and 15CDV6 in seawater was studied using an electrochemical work *** surface characteristics of MDN138 and MDN250 in galvanic contact with 15CDV6 have been examined with a scanning electron *** results of the study reveal that the galvanic protection offered by 15CDV6 to MDN250 and MDN138 in natural seawater amounts to 93%and 98%,respectively,implying that the galvanic protection offered by 15CDV6 is continuous and effective,which has been further evinced from the adherent nature of the calcareous deposit film comprising compounds such as CaCO3(calcite,aragonite,and vaterite),MgCO3(magnesite),Mg(OH)2(brucite),and MgO(brucite).

关键词： MDN138 MDN250 15CDV6 Galvanic corrosion Natural seawater

Engineered Cleistogamy in Camelina sativa for bioconfinement

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Horticulture research 2023年第2期10卷 275-285页

作者： Debao Huang Liwei Gao Jeremy McAdams Fangzhou Zhao Hongyan Lu Yonghui Wu Jeremy Martin sherif Msherif Jayasankar subramanian Hui Duan Wusheng Liu Department of Horticultural science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27607USA College of Life sciences Ganzhou Normal UniversityGanzhouJiangxi 341000China National Center for soybean Improvement State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China College of Food science and Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanHubei 430048China sandhills research station North Carolina State UniversityJackson SpringsNC 27281USA Vineland research station Department of Plant AgricultureUniversity of GuelphVinland StationON LOR 2E0Canada Alson H.smith Jr.Agricultural research and Extension Center School of Plant and Environmental SciencesVirginia TechWinchesterVA 22602USA UsDA-Ars U.S.National ArboretumFloral and Nursery Plants Research UnitBeltsville Agricultural Research Center(BARC)-WestBeltsvilleMD 20705USA

Camelina sativa is a self-pollinating and facultative outcrossing oilseed *** engineering has been used to improve camelina yield potential for altered fatty acid composition,modified protein profiles,improved seed and oil yield,and enhanced drought *** deployment of transgenic camelina in the field posits high risks related to the introgression of transgenes into nontransgenic camelina and wild ***,effective bioconfinement strategies need to be developed to prevent pollen-mediated gene f low(PMGF)from transgenic *** the present study,we overexpressed the cleistogamy(i.e.f loral petal non-openness)-inducing PpJAZ1 gene from peach in transgenic *** camelina overexpressing PpJAZ1 showed three levels of cleistogamy,affected pollen germination rates after anthesis but not during anthesis,and caused a minor silicle abortion only on the main *** also conducted field trials to examine the effects of the overexpressed PpJAZ1 on PMGF in the field,and found that the overexpressed PpJAZ1 dramatically inhibited PMGF from transgenic camelina to non-transgenic camelina under the field ***,the engineered cleistogamy using the overexpressed PpJAZ1 is a highly effective bioconfinement strategy to limit PMGF from transgenic camelina,and could be used for bioconfinement in other dicot species.

关键词： drought expressing limit