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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 438-446页

作者： Wenwen Xu TạMinh Hiếu subramaniam Malarkannan Li Wang Department of Microbiology and Immunology MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Medicine MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Pediatrics Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Blood Research Institute MilwaukeeWI 53226USA

Among various immunoregulatory molecules,the B7 family of immune-checkpoint receptors consists of highly valuable targets for cancer *** targeting two B7 family co-inhibitory receptors,CTLA-4 and PD-1,have elicited long-term clinical outcomes in previously refractory cancer types and are considered a breakthrough in cancer *** the success,the relatively low response rate(20–30%)warrants efforts to identify and overcome additional immune-suppressive *** the expanding list of T cell inhibitory regulators,V domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation(VISTA)is a unique B7 family checkpoint that regulates a broad spectrum of immune ***,we summarize recent advances that highlight the structure,expression,and multi-faceted immunomodulatory mechanisms of VISTA in the context of autoimmunity,inflammation,and anti-tumor immunity.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy immune checkpoint autoimmunity inflammation tumor immunity

Olfaction as a soldier——a review of the physiology and its present and future use in the military

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Military Medical Research 2017年第3期4卷 157-169页

作者： Palaniappan Ganesh Nagappan Somasundram subramaniam De-Yun Wang School of Clinical Medicine University of Cambridge Department of Otolaryngology Ng Teng Fong General Hospital Department of Otolaryngology National University of Singapore National University Health System Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore

Olfaction is one of our 5 main qualitative sensory abilities. In this review, we have examined the physiology of olfaction from the olfactory receptor to the brain. Through analyzing the physiology of olfaction, we have found that the biochemistry of olfactory nerve stimulation is unique from that of other similar pathways. Upon receiving large amounts of input from the olfactory nerve, the olfactory bulb, followed by several layers of centrifugal and centripetal processing in the brain, has to sort the information from the input as well as integrate it with other inputs from the brain to develop a coherent understanding of the input. We then examined the implications of olfaction in the military, the practical applications of electronic noses and problems associated with injury to olfaction that could affect compensation and combat worthiness of a soldier following injury. In the military, olfaction can allow the army to perform at its best through 4 main methods, namely ensuring olfaction is consistent with other dimensions of perception(ensuring optimal olfaction ability in all soldiers in combat), understanding the impact of different common combat environments on the sense of smell, utilizing odor as a defense mechanism and using olfactory aids when necessary. Electronic noses are olfactory aids that have a large potential in the military ranging from saving lives through the detection of explosives to potential methods for improving combustion efficiency. There are several problems associated with injury to olfaction that should be considered when deciding on compensation and combat worthiness of the soldier following an injury.

关键词： Olfaction Military Electronic nose Compensation Physiology Injury Combat

Properties of Sustainable High Strength Concrete with Waste Copper Slag

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2023年第4期38卷 815-822页

作者： JAGAN Sivamani KARUPASAMY Narayanan DHARMARAJ R THIYANESWARAN Periyasamy KARTHIKEYAN Selvarajan NAVANEETHAN Kumaravalasu subramaniam Department of Civil Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalem636005India Department of Civil Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641407India Kongu School of Architecture Perundurai638060India Department of Civil Engineering Kongu Engineering CollegePerundurai638060India

The present work investigates copper slag as a substitute for river sand in high-strength *** concrete mixtures were manufactured with 10%,30%,50%,70%,and 100%of copper slag to evaluate the mechanical and durability *** experimental results indicate that replacing copper slag above 50%affects the performance characteristics of the concrete due to its high angularity and lower water absorption *** strength of concrete with 50%copper slag is improved by 5.6%,whereas the strength of concrete with 100%copper slag is reduced by 2.75%at 28 ***,increased curing to 90days improves the strength of the former by 7.16%and reduces the latter by only 0.23%.The water absorption,porosity,and rapid chloride penetration of the concrete mixtures with 100%copper slag are increased by 10.44%,13.20%,and 19.56%compared to control ***-structural investigations through SEM infer higher replacement of copper results in higher void formation due to its reduced water absorption.

关键词： copper slag high strength concrete strength water absorption porosity

Assessment of glaucoma using extreme learning machine and fractal feature analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1255-1257页

作者： subramaniam Kavitha Karuppusamy Duraiswamy Sakthivel Karthikeyan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Nandha Engineering College K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology K.S.R.College of Engineering

Dear Sir,Iam *** S,from the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Nandha Engineering College,Erode,Tamil Nadu,India.I write to present the detection of glaucoma using extreme learning machine(ELM)and... 详细信息

关键词： In Assessment of glaucoma using extreme learning machine and fractal feature analysis ELM Figure

Bitter melon： a panacea for inflammation and cancer

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第2期14卷 81-100页

作者： Prasad R. Dandawate Dharmalingam subramaniam Subhash B. Padhye Shrikant Anant Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology The University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA Department of Surgery The University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA The University of Kansas Cancer Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA Interdisciplinary Science & Technology Research Academy Abeda lnamdar Senior College Azam Campus Pune 411001 lndia

Nature is a rich source of medicinal plants and their products that are useful for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon or bitter gourd, is one of such plants known for its biological activities used in traditional system of medicines. This plant is cultivated in all over the world, including tropical areas of Asia, Amazon, east Africa, and the Caribbean and used as a vegetable as well as folk medicine. All parts of the plant, including the fruit, are commonly consumed and cooked with different vegetables, stir-fried, stuffed or used in small quantities in soups or beans to give a slightly bitter flavor and taste. The plant is reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. The plant extract inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy and inhibiting cancer stem cells. The plant is rich in bioactive chemical constituents like cucurbitane type triterpenoids, triterpene glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, fatty acids, and proteins. Some of the isolated compounds （Kuguacin J, Karaviloside XI, Kuguaglycoside C, Momordicoside Q-U, Charantin, a-eleostearic acid） and proteins （a-Momorcharin, RNase MC2, MAP30） possess potent biological activity. In the present review, we are summarizing the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities of Momordica charantia along with a short account of important chemical constituents, providing a basis for establishing detail biological activities of the plant and developing novel drug molecules based on the active chemical constituents.

关键词： Momordica charantia Bitter melon Anti-oxidant activity Anti-inflammatory activity Anti-cancer activity Na^n'al products

Investigation of hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark in diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第4期2卷 262-268页

作者： subramaniam Ramachandran Aiyalu Rajasekaran KT Manisenthilkumar Department of Pharmacology KMCH College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry KMCH College of Pharmacy

Objective:To investigate the hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark(AETPB) in streptozotocin(STZ)-mduced diabetic ***:Acute toxicity was studied in rats after the oral administration of AETPB to determine the dose to assess hypoglycemic *** rats,diabetes was induced by injection of STZ(60 mg/kg,i.p.) and diabetes was confirmed 72 h after induction,and then allowed for 14 days to stabilize blood glucose *** diabetic rats,AETPB was orally given for 28 days and its effect on blood glucose and body weight was determined on a weekly *** the end of the experimental day,fasting blood sample was collected to estimate the haemoglobin(Hb),glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c),serum creatinine,urea,serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase(SGPT),serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase(SGOT) and insulin levels. The liver and kidney were collected to determine antioxidants levels in diabetic ***: Oral administration of AETPB did not exhibit toxicity and death at a dose of 2000 mg/*** treated diabetic rats significantly(P<0.001,P<0.01 and P<0.05) reduced elevated blood glucose, HbAlc,creatinine,urea,SGPT and SGOT levels when compared with diabetic control *** body weight,Hb,insulin and total protein levels were significantly(P<0.001,P<0.01 and P<0.05) increased in diabetic rats treated with AETPB compared to diabetic control *** diabetic rats, AETPB treatment significantly reversed abnormal status of antioxidants and lipid profile levels towards near normal levels compared to diabetic control ***:Present study results confirm that AETPB possesses significant hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in diabetic condition.

关键词： Hypoglycemic Streptozotocin Terminalia paniculata Hypolipidemic Antioxidant Diabetic Antidiabetic activity Blood glucose SGPT SGOT Insulin Haemoglobin Antioxidant activity

Influence of energy removal rate on the quality of minced meat from undersized crawfish during frozen storage

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 199-206页

作者： Franklin Bonilla Vondel Reyes Alexander Chouljenko Bennett Dzandu subramaniam Sathivel School of Nutrition and Food Sciences 220 Wilson LaboratoriesLouisiana State University Agricultural CenterBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State University Agricultural CenterBaton RougeLA 70803USA

Undersized crawfish have little economic value and are often *** crawfish minced meat(CMM)from undersized crawfish and using an appropriate freezing technique may enable an economically viable *** objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the energy removal rate using two techniques,cryogenic freezing(CF)and air blast freezing(BF),on CMM’s quality during frozen *** was separated into two batches;one batch was cryogenically frozen with liquid nitrogen and the other batch was frozen with an air blast *** batches were frozen and stored at−18℃.They were analyzed for moisture content,color,pH,and lipid oxidation during 180 days of *** CMM yield was 64.67%of the total crawfish *** freezing achieved the highest freezing *** frozen CMM showed 22%less lipid oxidation than CMM frozen by air blast freezing at 180 days of *** study showed that CMM could be mechanically produced from undersized crawfish and freezing techniques with high energy removal rate could better maintain quality attributes for CMM during frozen storage.

关键词： Crawfish Minced meat Cryogenic freezing Air blast freezing

B-cell Ligand Processing Pathways Detected by Large-scale Comparative Analysis

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2012年第3期10卷 142-152页

作者： Fadi Towfic Shakti Gupta Vasant Honavar Shankar subramaniam Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50010USA Department of Bioengineering University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92122USA

The initiation of B-cell ligand recognition is a critical step for the generation of an immune response against foreign bodies. We sought to identify the biochemical pathways involved in the B-cell ligand recognition cascade and sets of ligands that trigger similar immunological responses. We utilized several comparative approaches to analyze the gene coexpression networks generated from a set of microarray experiments spanning 33 different ligands. First, we compared the degree distributions of the generated networks. Second, we utilized a pairwise network alignment algorithm, BiNA, to align the networks based on the hubs in the networks. Third, we aligned the networks based on a set of KEGG pathways. We summarized our results by constructing a consensus hierarchy of pathways that are involved in B cell ligand recognition. The resulting pathways were further validated through literature for their common physiological responses. Col- lectively, the results based on our comparative analyses of degree distributions, alignment of hubs, and alignment based on KEGG path- ways provide a basis for molecular characterization of the immune response states of B-cells and demonstrate the power of comparative approaches （e.g., gene coexpression network alignment algorithms） in elucidating biochemical pathways involved in complex signaling events in ceils.

关键词： Ligand recognition B-cells Gene coexpression network alignment

Investigation on mechanical properties of aluminium 7075-boron carbide-coconut shell fly ash reinforced hybrid metal matrix composites

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China Foundry 2018年第6期15卷 449-456页

作者： Balasubramani subramaniam Balaji Natarajan Balasubramanian Kaliyaperumal Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Eshwar College of EngineeringCoimbatore-641202Tamilnadulndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore-641008India

The present research work reports the fabrication and evaluation of the mechanical properties of hybrid aluminium matrix composites(HAMC). Aluminium 7075(Al7075) alloy was reinforced with particles of boron carbide(B_4 C) and coconut shell fly ash(CSFA). Al7075 matrix composites were fabricated by stir casting method. The samples of Al7075 HAMC were fabricated with different weight percentages of(0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 wt.%) B_4 C and 3 wt.% of CSFA. The mechanical properties discussed in this work are hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength. Hardness of the composites increased 33% by reinforcements of 12 wt.% B_4 C and 3 wt.% CSFA in aluminium 7075 alloy. The tensile strength of the composites increased 66% by the addition of 9 wt.% B_4 C and 3 wt.% CSFA in aluminium 7075 alloy. Further addition of reinforcements decreased the tensile strength of the composites. Elongation of the composites decreased while increasing B_4 C and CSFA reinforcements in the matrix. The impact energy of the composites increased up to 2.3 J with 9 wt.% B_4 C and 3 wt.% CSFA addition in aluminium alloy. Further addition of reinforcement decreased the impact strength of the composites. The optical micrographs disclosed the homogeneous distribution of reinforcement particles(B_4 C and CSFA) in Al7075 matrix. The homogeneously distributed B_4 C and CSFA particles added as reinforcement in the Al7075 alloy contributed to the improvement of hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength of the composites.

关键词： aluminium 7075 boron carbide fly ash casting hardness tensile strength impact energy

Spermine induced reversible collapse of deoxyribonucleic acid-bridged nanoparticle-based assemblies

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 383-396页

作者： Kristian L. Goeken Richard B. M. Schasfoort Vinod subramaniam Ron Gill MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine University of Twente Dfienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede the Netherlands Vrije UniversiteitAmsterdam De Boelelaan 1105 1081 HVAmsterdam the Netherlands Saxion University of Applied Sciences M. H. Tromplaan 28 7513 A8 Enschede the Netherlands

DNA-linked 2D and 3D nano-assemblies find use in a diverse set of applications, ranging from DNA-origami in drug delivery and medical imaging, to DNA-linked nanoparticle structures for use in plasmonics and （bio）sensing. However, once these structures have been fully assembled, few options are available to modulate structure geometry. Here, we investigated the use of the polycation spermine to induce DNA collapse in small oligonucleotide-linked （54 bp） gold nanoparticle structures by monitoring shifts in the localized surface plasmon resonance （LSPR） peak and by comparing the data with finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） simulations. Our data shows that low concentrations of spermine can be applied to induce large changes in DNA conformation, leading to a significant reduction in interparticle distance （from - 25 to - 3 nm） and enhanced plasmonic coupling. The DNA collapse is near-instantaneous and reversible, and its application at low and high DNA densities is demonstrated with surface plasmon resonance imaging （SPRi）, showing the potential of spermine to dynamically modulate distances and geometry in DNA-based nano-assemblies.

关键词： nanoparticles spermine deoxyribonucleic acid localized surface plasmonresonance surface plasmon resonanceimaging