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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 246-266页

作者： Rimi Das subodh kumar maiti Ecological Restoration Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and Engineering (Centre of Mining Environment) Indian School of Mines Dhanbad Jharkhand 826 004 India

Reclaimed mined lands provide an excellent opportunity to sequester carbon and combat global warming. Carbon sequestration on reclaimed sites depend on age of reclamation, composition of species, geomining conditions （soil characteristics） and prevailing climate. The aims of the present study were to calculate carbon （C）--stock of biomass of 4 years old plantation （dominated by Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo and Bambusa arundinacea）, understorey vegetation and litter, soil organic carbon in reclaimed minesoil （RMS） and compare with reference forest site. Allometric equation was used for the estimation of biomass C stock and found 13.0 Mg C ha i （A lebbeck 7.8 Mg C ha-I, D sissoo 3.5 Mg C ha-l and B. arundincea 1.2 Mg C ha-l）, while stock of understorey vegetation was 0.98 Mg C ha-~. In RMS, C stock was 16.3 Mg C ha-1, out of which inorganic C contributed 1.7 g kg-l （8 % of total soil C）, Coal C 8.7 g kg^-1 （43 % of total soil C） and biogenic C 9.8 g kg^-1 （49 % of total soil C）. Total C stock in reclaimed site was calculated as 30.3 Mg C ha^-1（equivalent to 111 Mg CO2 ha-b. The study concluded that （i） coal C is responsible for overestimation of C stock in RMS （ii） Maximun C stock stored in aboveground biomass component and （iii） reclaimed mined lands will take approximately 17 years to reach the level of C stock of reference forest site in dry tropical climate.

关键词： Coal Opencast mining Reclaimed mine soils Biomass carbon Carbon sequestration Carbon stock

Effect of invasive weed biochar amendment on soil enzymatic activity and respiration of coal mine spoil:a laboratory experiment study

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 519-533页

作者： Dipita Ghosh subodh kumar maiti Ecological Restoration Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)DhanbadJharkhand 826004India

Mining and excavation activities cause massive degradation of land,leading to complete loss of soil resources,vegetation,and *** spoils support invasive weeds(predominantly Lantana)which can strive in these harsh conditions,causing allelopathy during plantation stage of *** is hypothesised that biochar produced from invasive weeds will enhance enzymatic activity,CO_(2)flux and overall fertility of coal mine spoil.A 6-month incubation study was conducted on the effect of biochar amendment(2 and 3%,w/w)on mine spoil enzymatic activities(dehydrogenase,invertase,amylase and cellulase),respiration and coal mine spoil *** study showed that biochar significantly improved dehydrogenase(83%)and cellulase activity(78%)at 3%*** mean of enzymatic activities increased from 1.87 in control to 4.51 at 2%and 3.25 at 3%biochar *** spoil physio-chemical properties such as soil organic carbon(65%),cation exchange capacity(54%),bulk density(25%)and water holding capacity(19%),were improved significantly com-pared to the unamended mine *** amendment reduced mine spoil CO_(2)flux at 2%(2.85μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1))and 3%(2.60μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1))compared to control(4.92μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1)).The cost of biochar production and application(2%,w/w)in pit plantation during reclamation is estimated to be 844 USD t ha−1(plantation density:1600 trees ha−1).On the basis of present study,biochar preparation from invasive weeds can be used for sustainable reclamation of coal mine spoil.

关键词： Lantana Geometric mean of enzymatic activity Economics Reclamation Pit plantation Coal mining

Effects of Anthropogenic Pollution on Mangrove Biodiversity: A Review

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第12期4卷 1428-1434页

作者： subodh kumar maiti Abhiroop Chowdhury Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Indian School of Mines Dhanbad India.

Mangrove ecosystem is a very unique ecosystem in the Earth, which is under threat due to habitat loss, aquaculture expansion, overharvesting and increase of pollution load. In this review paper, world-wide status of mangrove habitat loss, role of mangrove to act as a sink of pollutants and carbon capture (carbon sequestration), accumulation and biomagnifications of heavy metals is discussed. Emphasis has been given to understand the effect of heavy metals, organic and inorganic pollutants on the mangroves and the natural ability of this ecosystem to tolerate the pollution load. Lastly the guidelines of mangrove research for the developing countries are also suggested.

关键词： Mangrove Biodiversity Trace Metals Carbon-Sequestration Pollution Sink Mangrove Deforestation

MicroRNA-502-3p regulates GABAergic synapse function in hippocampal neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2698-2707页

作者： Bhupender Sharma Melissa MTorres Sheryl Rodriguez Laxman Gangwani subodh kumar Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience Department of Molecular and Translational MedicinePaul L.Foster School of MedicineTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA Bond Life Sciences Center and Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA L.Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)ergic neurons,the most abundant inhibitory neurons in the human brain,have been found to be reduced in many neurological disorders,including Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related *** previous study identified the upregulation of microRNA-502-3p(miR-502-3p)and downregulation of GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 in Alzheimer's disease *** study investigated a new molecular relationship between miR-502-3p and GABAergic synapse *** vitro studies were perfo rmed using the mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 and miR-502-3p agomiRs and *** silico analysis identified multiple binding sites of miR-502-3p at GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 *** assay confirmed that miR-502-3p targets the GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 gene and suppresses the luciferase ***,quantitative reve rse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,miRNA in situ hybridization,immunoblotting,and immunostaining analysis confirmed that overexpression of miR-502-3p reduced the GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 level,while suppression of miR-502-3p increased the level of GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 ***,as a result of the overexpression of miR-502-3p,cell viability was found to be reduced,and the population of necrotic cells was found to be *** whole cell patch-clamp analysis of human-GABA receptor A-α1/β3/γ2L human embryonic kidney(HEK)recombinant cell line also showed that overexpression of miR-502-3p reduced the GABA current and overall GABA function,suggesting a negative correlation between miR-502-3p levels and GABAergic synapse ***,the levels of proteins associated with Alzheimer s disease were high with miR-502-3p overexpression and reduced with miR-502-3p *** present study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of regulation of GABAergic synapses by *** propose that micro-RNA,in particular miR-502-3p,could be a potential the

关键词： Alzheimer's disease GABAergic synapse gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunitα-1(GABRα1) microRNA-502-3p(miR-502-3p) miRNA in situ hybridization Patch-clamp

Synaptosome microRNAs:emerging synapse players in aging and Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1275-1276页

作者： subodh kumar Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine Paul L.Foster School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA

Synaptosome:Synapses are the most critical portion of neuron connections,necessary for cellular organization of the *** integrity is uttermost important for healthy brain *** perturbation in the synapse structure and/or function initiates neurological *** are the prime targets that are smashed in almost all neurodegenerative *** vital components of synapse are essential for neurotransmission,synaptic plasticity and overall synapse *** dysfunctions are well studied in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and other neurodegenerative diseases(Gowda et al.,2021).The best way to study the synapse dysfunctions in neurological diseases is the biochemical analysis of“synaptosome”.

关键词： Alzheimer diseases

A Thorough Investigation on Image Forgery Detection

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第3期134卷 1489-1528页

作者： Anjani kumar Rai subodh Srivastava Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering NITPatnaIndia

Image forging is the alteration of a digital image to conceal some of the necessary or helpful *** cannot be easy to distinguish themodified region fromthe original image in *** demand for authenticity and the integrity of the image drive the detection of a fabricated *** have been cases of ownership infringements or fraudulent actions by counterfeiting multimedia files,including re-sampling or *** work presents a high-level view of the forensics of digital images and their possible detection *** work presents a thorough analysis of digital image forgery detection techniques with their steps and *** methods have identified forgery and its type and compared it with state of the *** work will help us to find the best forgery detection technique based on the different *** also shows the current issues in other methods,which can help researchers find future scope for further research in this field.

关键词： Forgery detection digital forgery image forgery localization image segmentation image forensics multimedia security

Exploring the potential of artificial intelligence techniques in prediction of the removal efficiency of vortex tube silt ejector

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 615-627页

作者： Sanjeev kumar Chandra Shekhar Prasad Ojha Nand kumar Tiwari subodh Ranjan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology

A vortex tube silt ejector is a curative hydraulic structure used to remove sediment deposits from canals and is recognized as one of the most efficient substitutes for physically removing canal sediment. The spatially varied flow in the channel and the rotational flow behavior in the tube make the silt removal process complex. It is even harder to accurately predict the silt removal efficiency by traditional models accurately. However, artificial intelligence(AI) and machine learning approaches have emerged as robust substitutes for studying complex processes. Therefore, this research makes use of AI approaches; support vector machine(SVM), random forest(RF), random tree(RT), and multivariate adaptive regression spline(MARS) to compute the vortex tube silt ejection efficiency using the laboratory data sets. The outcomes of the artificial intelligence(AI)-based techniques also were compared with traditional models. It was found that the RT model(root mean square error, RMSE = 2.165, Nash Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE = 0.98) outperforms the other applied approaches which had relatively more significant result errors. The sensitivity analysis of the process depicts the extraction ratio as the key parameter in the computation of vortex tube silt ejector removal efficiency. The findings of the AI-based approaches discussed in the current study might be helpful for hydraulic engineers as well as researchers in the assessment of the removal efficiency of vortex tube silt ejectors.

关键词： Vortex tube silt ejector Support vector machine Random forest Random tree Multivariate adaptive regression spline

Study of Structural, Optical, Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Gd-Doped ZnO Composites Synthesized by Solid State Reaction Method

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第2期14卷 91-108页

作者： Santosh kumar Kundara Kanhaiya Chawla Dinesh kumar Yadav Chhagan Lal Balram Tripathi Narendra Jakhar Department of Physics University of Rajasthan Jaipur India Sw. P.N.K.S. Government PG College Dausa India Government PG College Pratapgarh India S.S. Jain subodh PG (Autonomous) College Jaipur India

In this manuscript, we are reporting structural, bonding, optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of Gd-doped ZnO composite samples (Zn1−xGdxO, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10) prepared by solid-state reaction method. XRD spectra confirm the wurtzite hexagonal phase with a grain size distribution of 42 - 47 nm. The FT-IR spectra confirm bonding behavior like Zn-O, O=C=O, and O-H stretching modes. FESEM micrographs show that the grains of crystallites possess nearly spherical morphology. Optical absorption spectra confirm that the optical band gap decreases systematically from 3.19 eV to 3.15 eV for x = 0.0 to x = 0.10 samples. For all samples, PL spectra exhibited near-band emission, blue emission, and green emission peaks. The dielectric constant decreases as the applied frequency increases. Hall effect results show that with increasing doping concentration of Gd, mobility and resistivity increase while bulk concentration decreases. Current-Voltage study shows that current increases when temperature is increased. Rare earth-doped ZnO is potential material used for optoelectronics and spintronics device applications. Properties of Gd-doped ZnO are studied by various research groups, but dielectric studies are limitedly reported. Therefore, the present research work aims to study the change of electrical, optical, and dielectric properties of Gd-doped ZnO for device applications.

关键词： ZnO:Gd Composites Optical Band Gap Green Emission Dielectric Constant

Prevalence of excessive internet use and its correlation with associated psychopathology in 11th and 12th grade students

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General Psychiatry 2019年第2期32卷 84-91页

作者： Nitin kumar Arvind kumar subodh kumar Mahto Manish Kandpal Smita Neelkanth Deshpande Parul Tanwar Department of Psychiatry Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research New Delhi India Department of Medicine Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research New Delhi India Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi India

Background Globally, the number of internet users has crossed the three-billion mark, while in India users grew over 17% in the first 6 months of 2015 to 354 million. This study presented a background on internet use and the existence of excessive internet use. Aim To study the extent of internet use in 11th and 12th grade students and the psychopathology, if any, associated with excessive internet use. Methods 426 students who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from 11 th and 12th grade classes from Kendriya Vidyalaya, New Delhi, India, and were assessed by Young's Internet Addiction Test and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results Among the 426 students, the mean internet addiction total score was 36.63 (20.78), which indicated mild level of internet addiction. 1.41%(six students) was diagnosed as excessive internet users, while 30.28% and 23.94% were classified as moderate and mild internet users, respectively. The prevalence of internet addiction between gender was 58.22% in males and 41.78% in females. While both positive (prosocial) and negative (hyperactivity, emotional, conduct and peer problem) impacts of internet use were reported by students, in the current study excessive use of internet had a negative impact on students' lives as compared with positive impact, which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion Excessive internet use led to abnormal behaviours which cause negative consequences to users. Early diagnosis of risk factors related to excessive internet use, provides education about responsible use and supervision of students by family members.

关键词： internet psychopathology inclusion criteria

Tuning of Optical Properties via Annealing of Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) Thin Films

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第3期14卷 124-131页

作者： Harish kumar Meena Khushbu Meena Reena Verma Karishma Jain Sushil kumar Jain Kedar Babu Sharma Balram Tripathi Department of Physics S S Jain Subodh PG College Jaipur India Department of Physics University of Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Physics School of Physical Sciences Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur India

In this study we are reporting annealing induced optical properties of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) thin films deposited on glass substrate via spin coating at 5000 rpm. The structural, optical and surface morphology of BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films have been studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Optical absorption (UV-Vis) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD spectra confirm annealing induced phase formation of BiFeO3 possessing a rhombohedral R3c structure. The films are dense and without cracks, although the presence of porosity in BFO/glass was observed. Moreover, optical absorption spectra indicate annealing induced effect on the energy band structure in comparison to pristine BiFeO3. It is observed that annealing effect shows an intense shift in the UV-Vis spectra as diffuse absorption together with the variation in the optical band gap. The evaluated optical band gap values are approximately equal to the bulk band gap value of BiFeO3.

关键词： Optical Properties Annealing Ferroelectrics Photo Luminescence BFO Thin Films