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Early Results of Mitral Valve Replacement in Severe Pulmonary Artery Hypertension—An Institutional Prospective Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2013年第2期3卷 63-69页

作者： Nirmal Kumar Prashant Sevta subodh satyarthy Saket Agarwal Vithal Kumar Betigeri Deepak Kumar Satsangi Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Escorts Heart Institute and Research Center New Delhi India Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery G. B. Pant Hospital New Delhi India

Introduction: In patients undergoing surgery for mitral valve replacement (MVR) for valvular heart disease, pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) has been considered a major risk factor. In this prospective study, we have studied the early hemodynamic changes and post-operative outcomes of MVR among patients with severe PAH. Methods: 68 consecutive patients who underwent mitral valve replacement for severe rheumatic mitral valve disease with severe PAH (pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) > 50 mmHg) were studied prospectively for immediate postoperative hemodynamics and outcomes. The mean age of the patients was 32.1 years. 32 (47.05%) patients had mitral stenosis, 13 (19.11%) had mitral regurgitation and 23 (33.82%) had mixed lesions. Patients were divided into two groups based on preoperative pulmonary artery pressures. In 56 patients (82.35%, group I) PAP was sub-systemic or systemic, with a mean of 58.4 mmHg. Twelve patients (17.65%, group II) had supra-systemic PAP with a mean of 82.4 mmHg. Results: After mitral valve replacement, the PAP and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) decreased significantly in group I to near normal levels. In group II also the PAP and PVR decreased significantly but significant residual PAH remained. Operative mortality was 3.5% in group I and 16.6% in group II. Conclusions: MVR is safe and effective at the presence of severe PAH as long as the PAP is below or equal to systemic pressures. With suprasystemic PAP, MVR carries a high risk of mortality and the patient continues to have severe PAH in the postoperative period.

关键词： Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Mitral Valve Replacement

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MicroRNA-502-3p regulates GABAergic synapse function in hippocampal neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2698-2707页

作者： Bhupender Sharma Melissa MTorres Sheryl Rodriguez Laxman Gangwani subodh Kumar Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience Department of Molecular and Translational MedicinePaul L.Foster School of MedicineTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA Bond Life Sciences Center and Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA L.Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)ergic neurons,the most abundant inhibitory neurons in the human brain,have been found to be reduced in many neurological disorders,including Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related *** previous study identified the upregulation of microRNA-502-3p(miR-502-3p)and downregulation of GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 in Alzheimer's disease *** study investigated a new molecular relationship between miR-502-3p and GABAergic synapse *** vitro studies were perfo rmed using the mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 and miR-502-3p agomiRs and *** silico analysis identified multiple binding sites of miR-502-3p at GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 *** assay confirmed that miR-502-3p targets the GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 gene and suppresses the luciferase ***,quantitative reve rse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,miRNA in situ hybridization,immunoblotting,and immunostaining analysis confirmed that overexpression of miR-502-3p reduced the GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 level,while suppression of miR-502-3p increased the level of GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 ***,as a result of the overexpression of miR-502-3p,cell viability was found to be reduced,and the population of necrotic cells was found to be *** whole cell patch-clamp analysis of human-GABA receptor A-α1/β3/γ2L human embryonic kidney(HEK)recombinant cell line also showed that overexpression of miR-502-3p reduced the GABA current and overall GABA function,suggesting a negative correlation between miR-502-3p levels and GABAergic synapse ***,the levels of proteins associated with Alzheimer s disease were high with miR-502-3p overexpression and reduced with miR-502-3p *** present study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of regulation of GABAergic synapses by *** propose that micro-RNA,in particular miR-502-3p,could be a potential the

关键词： Alzheimer's disease GABAergic synapse gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunitα-1(GABRα1) microRNA-502-3p(miR-502-3p) miRNA in situ hybridization Patch-clamp

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Extreme exposure of fluoride and arsenic contamination in shallow coastal aquifers of the Ganges delta,transboundary of the Indo-Bangladesh region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 286-303页

作者： Dipankar Ruidas subodh Chandra Pal Tanmoy Biswas Asish Saha Abu Reza Md.Towfiqul Islam Department of Geography The University of BurdwanPurba BardhamanWest Bengal 713104India Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya UniversityRangpur 5400Bangladesh Department of Development Studies Daffodil International UniversityDhaka 1216Bangladesh

Globally,shallow aquifer groundwater(GW)has been severely affected in recent decades for both geogenic and anthropogenic *** hydro-geochemical characteristics of the GW change inconsistently with the addition of unwanted inorganic trace elements into the GW aquifer of the Indo-Bangladesh delta region(IBDR),such as arsenic(As)along with fluoride(F-)*** GW can have a negative impact on drinking water supplies and agricultural *** pollution can have serious adverse effects on the environment and human ***,the GW quality of this region is deteriorating progressively,and human health threatening by various life-threatening ***,the current study concentrated on the GW quality evaluation and prediction of possible health issues in the IBDR due to elevated contamination of As along with F-within GW aquifers by considering sixteen *** survey-based statistical methods such as entropy quality index(EWQI)combined with health risk index(HRI)was implemented for evaluating the As and F-sensitivity with the help of correlation testing and principal component *** study's outcome explains that a substantial portion of the IBDR has been vastly experiencing inferior GW quality,environmental issues,and health-related problems in dry and wet seasons,correspondingly for As and *** diagram verified the suitability of water that almost 55%of GW across the study area’s aquifers are unfit for drinking as well as cultivation of *** analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation method were also applied to assess the contaminant's concentration level and probable health risk *** present study concludes that the elevated exposure of As and F-pollution has to be monitored regularly and prevent unwanted GW contamination through implementing sustainable approaches and policies to fulfil the sustainable development goal 6(SDG-6)till 2030,ensuring the most basic human right of clean,safe,and hy

关键词： Indo-Bangladesh delta Entropy quality index Health risk index Monte Carlo simulation SDG-6

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Synaptosome microRNAs:emerging synapse players in aging and Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1275-1276页

作者： subodh Kumar Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine Paul L.Foster School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA

Synaptosome:Synapses are the most critical portion of neuron connections,necessary for cellular organization of the *** integrity is uttermost important for healthy brain *** perturbation in the synapse structure and/or function initiates neurological *** are the prime targets that are smashed in almost all neurodegenerative *** vital components of synapse are essential for neurotransmission,synaptic plasticity and overall synapse *** dysfunctions are well studied in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and other neurodegenerative diseases(Gowda et al.,2021).The best way to study the synapse dysfunctions in neurological diseases is the biochemical analysis of“synaptosome”.

关键词： Alzheimer diseases

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Downstream Decreasing Channel Capacity of a Monsoon-dominated Bengal Basin River: A Case Study of Dwarkeswar River, Eastern India

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第5期30卷 900-920页

作者： MALIK Sadhan PAL subodh Chandra Department of Geography University of BurdwanBurdwan 713104West BengalIndia

Downstream changes in channel morphology and flow over the ephemeral Dwarkeswar River in the western part of the Bengal Basin, eastren India were investigated. The river stretches from the Proterozoic Granite Gneiss Complex to the recent Holocene alluvium, forming three distinctive geomorphological regions across the river basin: the pediplane and upper and lower alluvial areas. Sixty cross-sections from throughout the main trunk stream were surveyed and the bankfull width, depth, cross-sectional area, and maximum depth were measured. Sediment samples from each location were studied and the flow velocity, stream power, Manning’s roughness coefficient, and shear stress were estimated. The results show that the bankfull channel cross-section area, width, width-to-depth ratio, and channel capacity increased between the beginning and middle of the river. Thereafter, the size of the river started to decrease in the lower alluvial area. This was characterized by gentle gradients, cohesive bank materials with grass cover, and channel switching. Within the lower part of the river, the channel capacity was observed to diminish as the drainage area increased. This increased the bankfull flow frequency and accelerated large floodwater losses in the floodplain via overbank flows and floodways.

关键词： bankfull channel width bankfull discharge Dwarkeswar River flat alluvial plain channel degradation overbank flow and flood

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A Thorough Investigation on Image Forgery Detection

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第3期134卷 1489-1528页

作者： Anjani Kumar Rai subodh Srivastava Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering NITPatnaIndia

Image forging is the alteration of a digital image to conceal some of the necessary or helpful *** cannot be easy to distinguish themodified region fromthe original image in *** demand for authenticity and the integrity of the image drive the detection of a fabricated *** have been cases of ownership infringements or fraudulent actions by counterfeiting multimedia files,including re-sampling or *** work presents a high-level view of the forensics of digital images and their possible detection *** work presents a thorough analysis of digital image forgery detection techniques with their steps and *** methods have identified forgery and its type and compared it with state of the *** work will help us to find the best forgery detection technique based on the different *** also shows the current issues in other methods,which can help researchers find future scope for further research in this field.

关键词： Forgery detection digital forgery image forgery localization image segmentation image forensics multimedia security

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Estimation of carbon sequestration in reclaimed coalmine degraded land dominated by Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo and Bambusa arundinacea plantation： a case study from Jharia Coalfields, India

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 246-266页

作者： Rimi Das subodh Kumar Maiti Ecological Restoration Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and Engineering (Centre of Mining Environment) Indian School of Mines Dhanbad Jharkhand 826 004 India

Reclaimed mined lands provide an excellent opportunity to sequester carbon and combat global warming. Carbon sequestration on reclaimed sites depend on age of reclamation, composition of species, geomining conditions （soil characteristics） and prevailing climate. The aims of the present study were to calculate carbon （C）--stock of biomass of 4 years old plantation （dominated by Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo and Bambusa arundinacea）, understorey vegetation and litter, soil organic carbon in reclaimed minesoil （RMS） and compare with reference forest site. Allometric equation was used for the estimation of biomass C stock and found 13.0 Mg C ha i （A lebbeck 7.8 Mg C ha-I, D sissoo 3.5 Mg C ha-l and B. arundincea 1.2 Mg C ha-l）, while stock of understorey vegetation was 0.98 Mg C ha-~. In RMS, C stock was 16.3 Mg C ha-1, out of which inorganic C contributed 1.7 g kg-l （8 % of total soil C）, Coal C 8.7 g kg^-1 （43 % of total soil C） and biogenic C 9.8 g kg^-1 （49 % of total soil C）. Total C stock in reclaimed site was calculated as 30.3 Mg C ha^-1（equivalent to 111 Mg CO2 ha-b. The study concluded that （i） coal C is responsible for overestimation of C stock in RMS （ii） Maximun C stock stored in aboveground biomass component and （iii） reclaimed mined lands will take approximately 17 years to reach the level of C stock of reference forest site in dry tropical climate.

关键词： Coal Opencast mining Reclaimed mine soils Biomass carbon Carbon sequestration Carbon stock

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Effect of invasive weed biochar amendment on soil enzymatic activity and respiration of coal mine spoil:a laboratory experiment study

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 519-533页

作者： Dipita Ghosh subodh Kumar Maiti Ecological Restoration Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)DhanbadJharkhand 826004India

Mining and excavation activities cause massive degradation of land,leading to complete loss of soil resources,vegetation,and *** spoils support invasive weeds(predominantly Lantana)which can strive in these harsh conditions,causing allelopathy during plantation stage of *** is hypothesised that biochar produced from invasive weeds will enhance enzymatic activity,CO_(2)flux and overall fertility of coal mine spoil.A 6-month incubation study was conducted on the effect of biochar amendment(2 and 3%,w/w)on mine spoil enzymatic activities(dehydrogenase,invertase,amylase and cellulase),respiration and coal mine spoil *** study showed that biochar significantly improved dehydrogenase(83%)and cellulase activity(78%)at 3%*** mean of enzymatic activities increased from 1.87 in control to 4.51 at 2%and 3.25 at 3%biochar *** spoil physio-chemical properties such as soil organic carbon(65%),cation exchange capacity(54%),bulk density(25%)and water holding capacity(19%),were improved significantly com-pared to the unamended mine *** amendment reduced mine spoil CO_(2)flux at 2%(2.85μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1))and 3%(2.60μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1))compared to control(4.92μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1)).The cost of biochar production and application(2%,w/w)in pit plantation during reclamation is estimated to be 844 USD t ha−1(plantation density:1600 trees ha−1).On the basis of present study,biochar preparation from invasive weeds can be used for sustainable reclamation of coal mine spoil.

关键词： Lantana Geometric mean of enzymatic activity Economics Reclamation Pit plantation Coal mining

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Contrasting lipid biomarkers in mountain rivers in the Nepal Himalayas: Organic matter characteristics and contribution to the fluvial carbon pool

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 1-15页

作者： Rajendra Bhandari Joyanto Routh subodh Sharma Rajendra Joshi Department of Thematic Studies–Environmental Change Linköping UniversitySweden Aquatic Ecology Center Kathmandu UniversityNepal Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityNepal Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityNepal

The Nepal Himalayas is the source of many glacial and spring-fed river systems crisscrossing the mountainous *** is an increasing recognition of small mountain rivers(SMRs)to have a significant combined export of dissolved and particulate organic carbon to the global carbon *** analyzed fluvial sediments from two SMRs and compared the results with two large mountain rivers(LMRs)in *** investigated the organic matter(OM),its compositional variability,and seasonal export using a suite of lipid biomarkers,namely n-alkanes,n-alkanoic acids,n-alkanols,and *** SMRs indicated a similarity in lipid distribution and were affected by a strong seasonal *** LMRs showed a distinct contrast in the distribution of lipids in suspended *** sediments in SMRs were derived from diverse sources with weak terrigenous dominance all-year-round compared to the suspended *** lipids(n-alkanoic acids and n-alkanols)were the major constituents in SMR sediments,indicating better *** contrast,n-alkane concentration dominated over other fractions in suspended sediments retrieved from *** biomarker trends differentiate SMRs from LMRs with lower transformed/degraded OM in SMRs.A common observation was the strong presence of even carbon compounds in short-chain n-alkanes in SMR bedload sediments and their predominance in suspended sediments in *** an unusual trend is attributed to specific biomarker sources from the catchment and ongoing processes in fluvial *** colonized by fungal species under moist acidic conditions and autochthonous bacteria contributes to the organic matter pool in shallow *** LMRs,the contribution from thermally mature sedimentary hydrocarbons and the diagenetic reduction of nalkanoic acids to n-alkanes are additional contributors to the allochthonous carbon *** differences in lipid concentrations,their distribution,seasonality,and the size of rivers suggest differential

关键词： Fluvial sediments Bedload Suspended load Monsoon Biomarkers Biogeochemistry

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Exploring the potential of artificial intelligence techniques in prediction of the removal efficiency of vortex tube silt ejector

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 615-627页

作者： Sanjeev Kumar Chandra Shekhar Prasad Ojha Nand Kumar Tiwari subodh Ranjan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology

A vortex tube silt ejector is a curative hydraulic structure used to remove sediment deposits from canals and is recognized as one of the most efficient substitutes for physically removing canal sediment. The spatially varied flow in the channel and the rotational flow behavior in the tube make the silt removal process complex. It is even harder to accurately predict the silt removal efficiency by traditional models accurately. However, artificial intelligence(AI) and machine learning approaches have emerged as robust substitutes for studying complex processes. Therefore, this research makes use of AI approaches; support vector machine(SVM), random forest(RF), random tree(RT), and multivariate adaptive regression spline(MARS) to compute the vortex tube silt ejection efficiency using the laboratory data sets. The outcomes of the artificial intelligence(AI)-based techniques also were compared with traditional models. It was found that the RT model(root mean square error, RMSE = 2.165, Nash Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE = 0.98) outperforms the other applied approaches which had relatively more significant result errors. The sensitivity analysis of the process depicts the extraction ratio as the key parameter in the computation of vortex tube silt ejector removal efficiency. The findings of the AI-based approaches discussed in the current study might be helpful for hydraulic engineers as well as researchers in the assessment of the removal efficiency of vortex tube silt ejectors.

关键词： Vortex tube silt ejector Support vector machine Random forest Random tree Multivariate adaptive regression spline

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