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Genomic surveillance of Nevada patients revealed prevalence of unique SARS-coV-2 variants bearing mutations in the RdRp gene

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第1期48卷 40-51页

作者： Paul D.Hartley Richard L.Tillett David P.Aucoin Joel R.Sevinsky Yanji Xu Andrew Gorzalski Mark Pandori Erin Buttery Holly Hansen Michael A.Picker cyprian c.Rossetto subhash c.verma Nevada Genomics center RenoNV 89557USA University of Nevada RenoRenoNV 89557USA Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Microbiology&Immunology University of NevadaReno School of MedicineRenoNV 89557USA Theiagen consulting LLCHighlands RanchCO 80128USA Nevada center for Bioinformatics RenoNV 89557USA Nevada State Public Health Laboratory RenoNV 89503USA Southern Nevada Public Health Laboratory of the Southern Nevada Health District Las VegasNV 89107USA

Patients with signs of cOVID-19 were tested through diagnostic RT-PcR for SARS-coV-2 using RNA extracted from the nasopharyngeal/nasal *** determine the variants of SARS-coV-2 circulating in the state of Nevada,specimens from 200 cOVID-19 patients were sequenced through our robust sequencing platform,which enabled sequencing of SARS-coV-2 from specimens with even very low viral loads,without the need of culture-based *** genome coverage allowed the identification of single and multi-nucleotide variants in SARS-coV-2 in the community and their phylogenetic relationships with other variants present during the same period of the *** report the occurrence of a novel mutation at 323aa (314aa of orf1b) of nsp12 (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) changed to phenylalanine(F) from proline (P),in the first reported isolate of SARS-coV-2,*** 323F variant was present at a very high frequency in Northern *** modeling determined this mutation in the interface domain,which is important for the association of accessory proteins required for the *** conclusion,we report the introduction of specific SARS-coV-2 variants at very high frequency in distinct geographic locations,which is important for understanding the evolution and circulation of SARS-coV-2variants of public health importance,while it circulates in humans.

关键词： SARS-coV-2 cOVID-19 Genome enrichment nsp12 RdRp orf1b 314

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Surface engineering of ZnO electrocatalyst by N doping towards electrochemical cO_(2) reduction

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 71-81,I0002页

作者： Rohini subhash Kanase Getasew Mulualem Zewdie Maheswari Arunachalam Jyoti Badiger Suzan Abdelfattah Sayed Kwang-Soon Ahn Jun-Seok Ha Uk Sim Hyeyoung Shin Soon Hyung Kang Department of Interdisciplinary Program for Photonic Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology(GEST) Chungnam National University99 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of chemistry Education and Optoelectronic convergence Research center Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Advanced chemicals and Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea School of chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 38541Republic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Korea Institute of Energy Technology(KENTECH)Naju 58217Republic of Korea

The discovery of efficient,selective,and stable electrocatalysts can be a key point to produce the largescale chemical fuels via electrochemical cO_(2) reduction(EcR).In this study,an earth-abundant and nontoxic ZnO-based electrocatalyst was developed for use in gas-diffusion electrodes(GDE),and the effect of nitrogen(N)doping on the EcR activity of ZnO electrocatalysts was ***,a ZnO nanosheet was prepared via the hydrothermal method,and nitridation was performed at different times to control the N-doping *** an increase in the N-doping content,the morphological properties of the nanosheet changed significantly,namely,the 2D nanosheets transformed into irregularly shaped ***,the EcR performance of Zn O electrocatalysts with different N-doping content was assessed in 1.0 M KHcO_(3) electrolyte using a gas-diffusion electrode-based EcR *** the EcR activity increased after a small amount of N doping,it decreased for higher N doping *** them,the N:ZnO-1 h electrocatalysts showed the best cO selectivity,with a faradaic efficiency(FE_(cO))of 92.7%at-0.73 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE),which was greater than that of an undoped Zn O electrocatalyst(FE_(cO)of 63.4%at-0.78 V_(RHE)).Also,the N:ZnO-1 h electrocatalyst exhibited outstanding durability for 16 h,with a partial current density of-92.1 mA cm^(-2).This improvement of N:ZnO-1 h electrocatalyst can be explained by density functional theory calculations,demonstrating that this improvement of N:ZnO-1 h electrocatalyst comes from(ⅰ)the optimized active sites lowering the free energy barrier for the rate-determining step(RDS),and(ⅱ)the modification of electronic structure enhancing the electron transfer rate by N doping.

关键词： ZnO N-doped ZnO Gas-diffusion electrode cO Selectivity Electrochemical cO_(2)reduction

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以掺氢天然气为燃料直接内重整固体氧化物电池堆的稳定性

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电化学（中英文） 2024年第1期30卷 46-54页

作者：汤亚飞武安祺韩贝贝刘华包善军林王林陈铭官万兵 subhash c.Singhal 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所浙江宁波315201 浙江启明电力集团有限公司浙江舟山316099 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心浙江舟山316021 丹麦技术大学能源转换与储存系川麦哥本哈根

本文研究了掺氢天然气直接内重整平管型固体氧化物电池短堆的长期稳定性和衰减机理。通过约3000小时的实测实验,结果显示,电堆的总体衰减率为2.3%·kh^(-1),电堆中三个金属连接板的面积比电阻分别增加了0.276Ω·cm^(2)、0.254Ω·cm^(2... 详细信息

本文研究了掺氢天然气直接内重整平管型固体氧化物电池短堆的长期稳定性和衰减机理。通过约3000小时的实测实验,结果显示,电堆的总体衰减率为2.3%·kh^(-1),电堆中三个金属连接板的面积比电阻分别增加了0.276Ω·cm^(2)、0.254Ω·cm^(2)和0.249Ω·cm^(2),但电堆中两个电池的电压反而分别增加了3.38 m V·kh^(-1)和3.78 m V·kh^(-1)。电堆衰减主要由金属连接件表层氧化及其与阴极集流层材料反应生成Sr crO_(4)物质,两者共同作用增大了电池与金属连接体间的界面电阻所致。结果表明,以掺氢天然气为燃料直接内重整平管型固体氧化物燃料电池电堆具有良好的稳定性。本文工作为掺氢天然气在固体氧化物燃料电池堆中的直接内重整应用提供了理论参考与实验依据。

关键词：掺氢天然气内重整稳定性固体氧化物电堆

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Exosomes derived from tumor adjacent fibroblasts efficiently target pancreatic tumors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3009-3026页

作者： Saini Setua Shabia Shabir Poornima Shaji Ana Martinez Bulnes Anupam Dhasmana Swathi Holla Nivesh K.Mittal Nirakar Sahoo Tripti Saini Francesco Giorgianni Mohammad Sikander Andrew E.Massey Bilal B.Hafeez Manish K.Tripathi Vincent P.Diego Meena Jaggi Junming Yue Nadeem Zafar Murali M.Yallapu Stephen W.Behrman Sheema Khan subhash c.chauhan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacyand College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center(UTHSC)MemphisTN 36163USA Department of computer Science Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaJ&K 192122India Department of Immunology and Microbiology School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTX 78504USA South Texas center of Excellence in cancer Research School of Medicinethe University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTX 78504USA Himalayan School of Biosciences and cancer Research Institute Himalayan Institute of Medical SciencesSwami Rama Himalayan UniversityDehradun 248016India Plough center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions UTHSCMemphisTN 38104USA Department of Biology College of SciencesUTRGVMcAllenTX 78539USA National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering(NIBIB) National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute UTRGVMcAllenTX 78504USA Dept.of Laboratory Medicine&Pathology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Surgery Baptist Memorial Medical EducationBaptist Memorial HospitalMemphisTN 38120USA Baptist Health Sciences University MemphisTN 38104USA

The application of extracellular vesicles,particularly exosomes(EXs),is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine,owing to their remarkable properties as natural carriers of biological *** study investigates utilization of exosomes derived from stromal cells of tumor adjacent normal tissues(NAF-EXs)for personalized medicine,which can be derived at the time of diagnosis by endoscopic ***,we show that exosomes(EXs)derived from NAFs demonstrate differential bio-physical characteristics,efficient cellular internalization,drug loading efficiency,pancreatic tumor targeting and delivery of ***-derived EXs(NAF-EXs)were used for loading ormeloxifene(ORM),a potent anti-cancer and desmoplasia inhibitor as a model *** found that ORM maintains normal fibroblast cell phenotype and renders them incompatible to be triggered for a cAF-like phenotype,which may be due to regulation of ca^(2+) influx in fibroblast ***-EXs-ORM effectively blocked oncogenic signaling pathways involved in desmoplasia and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)and repressed tumor growth in xenograft mouse *** conclusion,our data suggests preferential tropism of NAF-EXs for PDAc tumors,thus imply feasibility of developing a novel personalized medicine for PDAc patients using autologous NAF-EXs for improved therapeutic outcome of anti-cancer ***,it provides the opportunity of utilizing this biological scaffold for effective therapeutics in combination with standard therapeutic regimen.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Tumor adjacent normal tissue fibroblasts(NAF) Desmoplasia Extracellular vesicles Exosomes Tumor targeting Ormeloxifene Personalized medicine

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以掺氢天然气为燃料直接内重整固体氧化物电池堆的稳定性（英文）

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电化学(中英文) 2024年第1期 49-57页

作者：汤亚飞武安祺韩贝贝刘华包善军林王林陈铭官万兵 subhash c.Singhal 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所浙江启明电力集团有限公司浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心丹麦技术大学能源转换与储存系

本文研究了掺氢天然气直接内重整平管型固体氧化物电池短堆的长期稳定性和衰减机理。通过约3000小时的实测实验，结果显示，电堆的总体衰减率为2.3%kh–1，电堆中三个金属连接板的面积比电阻分别增加了0.276Ω·cm2、0.254Ω·cm2和0.24... 详细信息

本文研究了掺氢天然气直接内重整平管型固体氧化物电池短堆的长期稳定性和衰减机理。通过约3000小时的实测实验，结果显示，电堆的总体衰减率为2.3%kh–1，电堆中三个金属连接板的面积比电阻分别增加了0.276Ω·cm2、0.254Ω·cm2和0.249Ω·cm2，但电堆中两个电池的电压反而分别增加了3.38 m V·kh–1和3.78 m V·kh–1。电堆衰减主要由金属连接件表层氧化及其与阴极集流层材料反应生成Sr cr O4物质，两者共同作用增大了电池与金属连接体间的界面电阻所致。结果表明，以掺氢天然气为燃料直接内重整平管型固体氧化物燃料电池电堆具有良好的稳定性。本文工作为掺氢天然气在固体氧化物燃料电池堆中的直接内重整应用提供了理论参考与实验依据。

关键词：掺氢天然气内重整稳定性固体氧化物电堆

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The role and significance of Magnesium in modern day research-A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第1期10卷 1-65页

作者： S V Satya Prasad S B Prasad Kartikey verma Raghvendra Kumar Mishra Vikas Kumar subhash Singh Department of Production and Industrial Engineering National Institute of Technology JamshedpurJharkhand831014India Department of chemical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKanpur208016India Enhanced composites and Structures center School of AerospaceTransport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK43 OALUK Department of Automotive Technology Mechanical Department DivisionFederal TVET instituteAddis AbabaEthiopia

Magnesium is one of the largely available elements in the earth’s crust. It has a low structural density with high specific strength. This unique material property has forced an increase in the use of magnesium and its alloys in various applications pertaining to industrial sector,automobiles, aerospace and biomedical. Since magnesium is a highly reactive metal, it is prone to higher rate of corrosion as compared to its counterparts. Thus, it is essential to analyze the corrosion behavior of magnesium and its alloys in its applications. An appropriate process is to be followed in the design and development of magnesium alloys which overcome the limitations of magnesium and enhance the desired material properties in accordance to their applications. This review paper summarizes the importance of magnesium and its material properties. The influence of various alloying elements on the mechanical properties of magnesium is reviewed. The broad classification of Mg alloys and their behavioral trends are detailed. The corrosion behavior of magnesium and the influence of corrosion products on the material characteristics of magnesium, in aqueous medium, are discussed. The manufacturing techniques of magnesium alloys along with the secondary techniques are also covered. The various applications and the limitations of magnesium in these applications are covered. A complete section is dedicated towards detailing the recent trends of magnesium(Mg) alloys, i.e., the biodegradable nature and applications of Mg alloys. The influence of biocorrosion on Mg alloys and techniques to overcome it have been deliberated. This paper provides a thorough review on recent developments of magnesium with respect to engineering applications.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biodegradable alloys Magnesium corrosion Biocorrosion

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Improved thermoelectric property of cation-substituted caMnO_3

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chinese Physics B 2015年第9期24卷 542-547页

作者： Pradeep Kumar subhash c.Kashyap Vijay Kumar Sharma H.c.Gupta Department of Physics Shyam Lal CollegeUniversity of Delhi Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Single-phase pristine and cation-substituted calcium manganite（ca1-xBixMn1-yVyO3-δ） polycrystalline samples were synthesized by the solid state reaction technique. Their thermoelectric properties were measured by a set up that was designed and assembled in the laboratory. The ca1-x BixMn1-yVyO3-δsample with x = y = 0.04 has shown a power factor（S^2σ） of 176 μW/m/K^2 at 423 K, which is nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that of the pristine sample（2.1 μW/m/K2）. The power factor of the substituted oxide remains almost temperature independent as the Seebeck coefficient increases monotonically with temperature, along with the simultaneous decrease in electrical resistivity which is attributed to enhanced electron density due to co-doping of bismuth and vanadium and grain boundary scattering. These cation-substituted calcium manganites can be used as a potential candidate for an n-type leg in a thermoelectric generator（module）.

关键词： thermoelectric materials solid state reaction Seebeck coefficient power factor

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Effect of solar wind plasma parameters on space weather

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第1期15卷 85-106页

作者： Balveer S.Rathore Dinesh c.Gupta subhash c.Kaushik School of Study in Physics Jiwaji UniversityGwalior Madhya Pradesh India

Today’s challenge for space weather research is to quantitatively predict the dynamics of the magnetosphere from measured solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field（IMF） conditions. correlative studies between geomagnetic storms（GMSs）and the various interplanetary（IP） field/plasma parameters have been performed to search for the causes of geomagnetic activity and develop models for predicting the occurrence of GMSs, which are important for space weather predictions. We find a possible relation between GMSs and solar wind and IMF parameters in three different situations and also derived the linear relation for all parameters in three *** the basis of the present statistical study, we develop an empirical model. With the help of this model, we can predict all categories of GMSs. This model is based on the following fact： the total IMF Btotalcan be used to trigger an alarm for GMSs, when sudden changes in total magnetic field Btotaloccur. This is the first alarm condition for a storm’s arrival. It is observed in the present study that the southward Bzcomponent of the IMF is an important factor for describing GMSs. A result of the paper is that the magnitude of Bzis maximum neither during the initial phase（at the instant of the IP shock） nor during the main phase（at the instant of Disturbance storm time（Dst） minimum）. It is seen in this study that there is a time delay between the maximum value of southward Bzand the Dst minimum, and this time delay can be used in the prediction of the intensity of a magnetic storm two-three hours before the main phase of a GMS. A linear relation has been derived between the maximum value of the southward component of Bzand the Dst, which is Dst =（-0.06）＋（7.65）Bz＋ *** auxiliary conditions should be fulfilled with this, for example the speed of the solar wind should, on average, be 350 km s-1 to 750 km s-1, plasma β should be low and, most importantly, plasma temperature should be low for intense storms. If the plasma tem

关键词： solar wind geomagnetic storms(GMSs) interplanetary magnetic field(IMF)

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An experimental and numerical study of packing, compression, and caking behaviour of detergent powders

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 2-12页

作者： subhash c.Thakur Hossein Ahmadian Jin Sun Jin Y.Ooi School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Newcastle Innovation centre Procter and Gamble Technical Centre Ltd

This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of the packing, compression, and caking behaviour of spray dried detergent （SDD） powders with a two-fold aim： an experimental process of observation and evaluation of the packing, compression and caking behaviour of SDD powders, and a numerical approach based on discrete element modelling （DEM）. The mechanical properties, including the stress-strain response and the corresponding porosity change as a function of consolidation stress in a confined cylinder, the stress-strain response during unconfined shearing and the cake strength as a func- tion of consolidation stress, were evaluated and compared for different SDD powders using an extended uniaxial tester （Edinburgh Powder Tester - EPT）. The experiments using EPT showed excellent repro- ducibility in the measurement of packing, compression and caking behaviour and were therefore very useful for describing the handling characteristics of these powdered products including screening new products and different formulations. It was found that the sample with higher moisture had lower bulk porosity but higher compressibility and cake strength. The porosity, compressibility and cake strength were found to vary across different size fractions of the same sample. The larger sieve-cut samples had higher initial bulk porosity, compressibility and cake strength. It is revealed that moisture plays a sig- nificant role in packing, compression, and shearing behaviour of the powder. Three-dimensional DEM modelling using a recently developed elasto-plastic adhesive-frictional contact model showed that the contact model is able to capture the detergent behaviour reasonably well and can be used to model complex processes involving these powders.

关键词： Discrete element methodPowder flowcohesive materialUniaxial testPlasticitycontact model

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Laser-induced periodic surface structured electrodes with 45% energy saving in electrochemical fuel generation through field localization

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第11期5卷 29-44页

作者： chaudry Sajed Saraj subhash c.Singh Gopal verma Rahul A Rajan Wei Li chunlei Guo GPL Photonics Lab State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China University of chinese Academy of Sciences(UcAS) Beijing 100049China The Institute of Optics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA

Electrochemical oxidation/reduction of radicals is a green and environmentally friendly approach to generating *** reactions,however,suffer from sluggish kinetics due to a low local concentration of radicals around the electrocatalyst.A large applied electrode potential can enhance the fuel generation efficiency via enhancing the radical concentration around the electrocatalyst sites,but this comes at the cost of ***,we report about a~45%saving in energy to achieve an electrochemical hydrogen generation rate of 3×10^(16) molecules cm^(–2)s^(–1)(current density:10 mA/cm^(2))through localized electric field-induced enhancement in the reagent concentration(LEFIRc)at laser-induced periodic surface structured(LIPSS)*** finite element model is used to simulate the spatial distribution of the electric field to understand the effects of LIPSS geometric parameters in field *** the LIPSS patterned electrodes are used as substrates to support Pt/c and RuO_(2) electrocatalysts,the η_(10) overpotentials for HER and OER are decreased by 40.4 and 25%,***,the capability of the LIPSS-patterned electrodes to operate at significantly reduced energy is also demonstrated in a range of electrolytes,including alkaline,acidic,neutral,and ***,when two LIPSS patterned electrodes were assembled as the anode and cathode into a cell,it requires 330 mVs of lower electric potential with enhanced stability over a similar cell made of pristine electrodes to drive a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2).This work demonstrates a physical and versatile approach of electrode surface patterning to boost electrocatalytic fuel generation performance and can be applied to any metal and semiconductor catalysts for a range of electrochemical reactions.

关键词： electric field localization hotspot formation laser-induced periodic surface structures electrochemical fuel generation overall water splitting

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